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2.
This article discusses the effect of aluminum on root growth of Querucus serrata Thunb. In a 9-week hydroponics experiment, the effects of various concentrations (0 to 5.0 mM) of Al on root growth were examined. Results revealed that root biomass increases with the increase in Al concentration up to 2.5 mM, and then it tended to decrease. In the next experiment, the effects of H+ and Al3+ on roots were compared in a 4-week hydroponics experiment using three treatment solutions: control (pH 6.0), −Al (without Al, pH 3.5), and +Al (with 2.5 mM Al, pH 3.5). No clear difference in the biomass and root length between the control and −Al treated roots was observed, and root and shoot biomass were increased by Al treatment. These results confirmed that the H+ concentration level, at a pH of 3.5, is not toxic for Q. serrata and the Al-induced increase in root biomass is not caused by the amelioration of H+ toxicity by Al. In the third experiment, roots were exposed to an Al solution (pH 3.6) intermittently. This treatment clarified that Al stimulated rooting and root elongation. In the fourth experiment, the effect of 1 mM Al on root growth during a 15-month period in a sand culture were examined. This experiment confirmed that Al stimulated good growth and development of root systems at appropriate concentrations. Therefore, it is considered that Al-induced root growth enhancement occurs as a long-term and short-term phenomenon. 相似文献
3.
Takaaki Fujimoto Kazuhito Kita Kazuko Uchiyama Makoto Kuromaru Hisashi Akutsu Kazuyuki Oda 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(3):157-163
Age trends in variance components and heritability of overall wood density, earlywood and latewood density, and latewood proportion
were investigated in 29-year-old trees of 19 full-sib families of hybrid larch (Larix gmelinii var. japonica × Larix kaempferi) F1. The age–age correlation and optimum selection age for these traits were also estimated and genetic and phenotypic correlations
between wood density and radial growth rate were calculated for each growth ring. Intraring wood density data were obtained
using X-ray densitometry. The coefficient of additive genetic variance was stable over all ages, whereas the coefficient of
environmental variances gradually decreased with increasing age, resulting in increases in heritability estimates with age
for overall density. The latewood proportion had the highest heritability estimates at all ages, ranging from 0.44 to 0.66.
Overall density and its various components at 28 years of age showed strong genetic correlations with their respective traits
at all younger ages. Optimum selection ages for the wood density traits ranged from 8 to 14 years, at which point maximum
gain efficiencies per year were obtained. There were negative correlations between wood density and radial growth rate at
early ages, although these relationships tended to be weaker with increasing age. These results suggest that selection at
a young age is effective for wood density, but particular care must be taken in selecting trees with an improved radial growth
rate because rapid growth will result in a low-density wood product, especially in the early growth period. 相似文献
4.
Marcelo Luiz Laia Acelino Couto Alfenas Sergio Hermnio Brommonschenkel Shinitiro Oda Eduardo Jose de Melo Inae Marie de Arau jo Silva Janana Fernandes Goncalves Ariadne Marques 《林业研究》2015,(3)
Disease-resistant genes play an important role in defending against a variety of pathogens and insect pests in plants. Most of the disease-resistant genes encode pro-teins with conserved leucine rich r... 相似文献
5.
Plants respond to attack by pathogens through various defense mechanisms. These defense responses are triggered by a variety of molecules derived from pathogenic microorganisms as well as host plants. In this study, we developed a high-throughput screening method using a cell-based lawn format assay for the identification of novel peptides that can induce plant defense responses from combinatorial peptide libraries. Solid-phase peptide libraries were synthesized using a photocleavable linker and immobilized using agarose gel. The peptides were partially cleaved from beads, and the agarose gel was layered on the tobacco cells. The defense response was then observed by detecting the generated H2O2 using a sensitive H2O2 indicator dye, N-(carboxymethylaminocarbonyl)-4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)diphenylamine sodium salt (DA-64). Using this assay format, a 6859-member peptide library based on the sequence of flagellin-derived peptides was screened, and several structural features important for the activity were obtained. 相似文献
6.
Oda E Ohki R Murasawa H Nemoto J Shibue T Yamashita T Tokino T Taniguchi T Tanaka N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,288(5468):1053-1058
A critical function of tumor suppressor p53 is the induction of apoptosis in cells exposed to noxious stresses. We report a previously unidentified pro-apoptotic gene, Noxa. Expression of Noxa induction in primary mouse cells exposed to x-ray irradiation was dependent on p53. Noxa encodes a Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3)-only member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins; this member contains the BH3 region but not other BH domains. When ectopically expressed, Noxa underwent BH3 motif-dependent localization to mitochondria and interacted with anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, resulting in the activation of caspase-9. We also demonstrate that blocking the endogenous Noxa induction results in the suppression of apoptosis. Noxa may thus represent a mediator of p53-dependent apoptosis. 相似文献
7.
Hiroyuki Matsunari Hiroshi Hashimoto Kentaro Oda Yoshitsugu Masuda Hitoshi Imaizumi Kazuhisa Teruya Hirofumi Furuita Takeshi Yamamoto Kazuhisa Hamada Keiichi Mushiake 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(11):1696-1705
The effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the growth performance, survival and swim bladder inflation of larval Seriola dumerili during the rotifer feeding period was investigated in two feeding experiments. Amberjack larvae at 3 day post hatching were fed rotifers enriched with (1) freshwater C hlorella (Chlo), (2) a mixture (2:1, v/v) of Chlo and DHA‐enriched C hlorella (DHA‐Chlo), (3) DHA‐Chlo and (4) DHA‐Chlo and commercial DHA emulsion, in triplicate for 7 days. The average DHA contents of the rotifers were 0.0, 0.4, 1.0 and 1.9 mg g?1 DM respectively. The survival rate was improved by the enrichment of rotifers with DHA‐Chlo alone, and DHA‐Chlo and emulsion. Growth and swim bladder inflation of fish fed rotifers enriched with DHA‐Chlo were significantly (P < 0.05) improved, however, with increased levels of DHA further improvement was not found. DHA content in the larval whole body proportionally increased with the DHA level in the rotifers. These results suggest that DHA enrichment of rotifers is effective to improve the growth, survival rate and swim bladder inflation of amberjack larvae. The DHA requirement of amberjack larvae is estimated to be 1.5 mg g?1 on a dry matter basis of rotifers. 相似文献
8.
Haraguchi T Tani K Koga M Oda Y Itamoto K Yamamoto N Terai S Sakaida I Nakazawa H Taura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(5):633-636
Autologous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) infusion therapy improves the hepatic fibrosis. To investigate the mechanism of remission, we evaluated the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 activity in canine BMSCs and the effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines on their expression. The activity and the gene expression of MMPs were analyzed by gelatin zymography and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. The specific gelatinase bands were indicative effect of MMP-2 and -9 in canine BMSCs. MMP-2 expression seemed to be increased by TNF-α and IL-1β while MMP-9 was enhanced by TNF-α and IL-6. These results suggested that remissive effect on liver fibrosis might be partly attributable to the MMP-2 and -9 activity in BMSCs under the inflammatory condition. 相似文献
9.
Masako Seki Makiko Chono Tsutomu Nishimura Mikako Sato Yasuhiro Yoshimura Hitoshi Matsunaka Masaya Fujita Shunsuke Oda Katashi Kubo Chikako Kiribuchi-Otobe Hisayo Kojima Hidetaka Nishida Kenji Kato 《Breeding Science》2013,63(3):309-316
The Ppd-A1 genotype of 240 Japanese wheat cultivars and 40 foreign cultivars was determined using a PCR-based method. Among Japanese cultivars, only 12 cultivars, all of which were Hokkaido winter wheat, carried the Ppd-A1a allele, while this allele was not found in Hokkaido spring wheat cultivars or Tohoku-Kyushu cultivars. Cultivars with a photoperiod-insensitive allele headed 6.9–9.8 days earlier in Kanto and 2.5 days earlier in Hokkaido than photoperiod-sensitive cultivars. The lower effect of photoperiod-insensitive alleles observed in Hokkaido could be due to the longer day-length at the spike formation stage compared with that in Kanto. Pedigree analysis showed that ‘Purple Straw’ and ‘Tohoku 118’ were donors of Ppd-A1a and Ppd-D1a in Hokkaido wheat cultivars, respectively. Wheat cultivars recently developed in Hokkaido carry photoperiod-insensitive alleles at a high frequency. For efficient utilization of Ppd-1 alleles in the Hokkaido wheat-breeding program, the effect of Ppd-1 on growth pattern and grain yield should be investigated. Ppd-A1a may be useful as a unique gene source for fine tuning the heading time in the Tohoku-Kyushu region since the effect of Ppd-A1a on photoperiod insensitivity appears to differ from the effect of Ppd-B1a and Ppd-D1a. 相似文献
10.
Junji Matsumura Rudolf E. Booker Bradley G. Ridoutt Lloyd A. Donaldson Naoto Mikajiri Hiroshi Matsunaga Kazuyuki Oda 《Journal of Wood Science》1999,45(6):456-462
Radiata pine sapwood and heartwood were dried using high-temperature, conventional-temperature, and air drying schedules with and without pre-steaming. They were then impregnated by vacuum treatment with double-distilled water, toluidine blue, and fluorescein dye. For sapwood, there were only minor differences in uptake between drying methods and when pre-steaming was used. Using microscopy, the primary flow pathways in sapwood were found to be the resin canal network and ray parenchyma cells, which provided conduction without large resistance. In heartwood, uptake was strongly influenced by pre-steaming the green lumber. After pre-steaming heart-wood, there was an increase in uptake from all surfaces but especially from the radial surfaces. Lower extractive contents, disruption of epithelial and ray parenchyma cells, and alteration of the condition of bordered pits were also associated with pre-steaming. It was therefore possible to classify flow paths in radiata pine heartwood five ways, according to uptake values and wood anatomical features.This research was presented in part at the 48th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Shizuoka, April 1998. 相似文献