完善营口市农田环境监测制度,大力发展绿色农业

本文阐述了如何完善营口市农田环境监测制度,提出了大力发展绿色农业的具体措施.     

The key technology research of on-line surface inspection for hot heavy rail

To overcome the detection difficulties of the surface defects when milling a hot heavy rail,a suite of detection system for on-line surface defect is developed. To select optical environment according to radiation of heavy rail and characteristics of light,use multi-linear array CCD cameras to parallel multi-angle collect images of whole surface of hot heavy rail,and obtain images through an image adaptive preprocessing to meet requirements of defect detection. For the condition that the defects extracting causing by continuity of the surface defects of hot heavy rail is hard to realize through traditional image segmentation, an examining algorithm of image relevance between pixel lines is proposed, using pixel de-differentiation and statistical variance operations to extract defect. This algorithm is demonstrated to be better than traditional edge detection,and the system has achieved good results in the practical application of a rail beam plant.     

Stiffness analysis and experiments of marine gearbox

Based on correlate technique conditions of marine gearbox,it is proposed to take run out value of input and output couplings as the stiffness evaluation of marine gearbox. This new method is put forth on rated load by considering the deformation interrelationship in transmission of some main parts,such as shaft,bearing,gear and box. Finite element analysis of strength and deformation of marine gearbox under forward and backward conditions are conducted. Parameters,such as box and axis deformation,bearing and shaft block stiffness,etc. are obtained and run out value of input and output couplings is calculated. Experiments are carried out at gear drive test bench to verify the reliable of stiffness evaluation method. Compared with the experimental results,the error is in 11 %,which shows the proposed stiffness method is valid.     

Recycling technology of substrate from 1,4-butanediol distillation

In the Reppe-technology process of producing 1,4-butanediol(BDO), a certain amount of viscous substrate is formed in the thin-film evaporator due to intramolecular aggregation of BDO. A process is proposed to recycle the substrate and reduce discharge. The substrate is hydrolyzed by H 2SO 4 solution at the conditions of mass fraction of H 2SO 4 is 15%, mass ratio of H 2SO 4 to the substrate is 1.3〖DK〗∶1.0, temperature is 150 ℃ and reaction time is 7 h. The results show that BDO based on the raw substrate can be feasibly recovered at the rate up to 39.1%.     

植物在不同声源环境中的降噪效果比较

以南京地区常见的11种植物纯林为研究对象,使用音箱播放预先制作的音频作为噪声源,在背景噪音为40±5 dB (A)的林带中进行试验,监测植物在不同声源环境中的噪声衰减值.结果发现:声源环境的等效声级不同时,同一林带对模拟交通噪声的降噪值不同;11处林带的最小降噪值均出现在声源环境为60 dB (A)时,81.8％试验林带在85 dB (A)和90 dB (A)时降噪效果最佳.声源环境的等效声级和植物种类均对林带的降噪效果产生一定影响,植物的降噪效果与声源环境的等效声级大小呈非线性关系.11处试验林带按照降噪能力强弱分为四类,第一类为雪松、圆柏、白玉兰;第二类为女贞、马褂木、广玉兰;第三类为枫香、石楠、紫薇;第四类为无患子、木莲.     

科学运作互利共赢——山东巨野大力推广机械化玉米秸秆青贮技术

近年来,巨野县出台一系列惠农政策,助推农业、畜牧业迅猛发展,特别是县东南部6个镇区,在陶庙镇夏庄、夏苗庄2个民族村(回族)的带动下,"架子羊"、"架子牛"养殖业已初具规模.     

烟叶中PPO的抑制效应

比较了硫脲、蔗糖、Ca Cl2 、Co Cl2 、亚硫酸氢钠、柠檬酸、柠檬酸 -氯化钠、柠檬酸 -氯化钠 -亚硫酸氢钠、EDTA、巯基乙醇和 Na Di Ca等 11种 PPO的常用抑制剂对烟叶中 PPO活性的抑制强度。结果表明 ,11种抑制强度由大到小的顺序是 :Na Di Ca、EDTA、巯基乙醇、硫脲、柠檬酸 -氯化钠、柠檬酸 -氯化钠 -亚硫酸氢钠、Ca Cl2 、Co-Cl2 、柠檬酸、亚硫酸氢钠和蔗糖 ;Na Di Ca、EDTA、硫脲和巯基乙醇的抑制效果明显优于其他抑制剂 ,Na Di Ca的抑制效果最佳 ,叶面喷施适宜浓度的抑制剂可有效控制 PPO活性 ,是防止烟叶褐变的有效方法     

乡镇企业经济效益分析

本文主要是分析了呼市郊区乡镇企业近几年经济效益的发展状况、寻求经济效益下降的原因和提高效益的途经,以促进乡镇企业在市场竞争日益激烈的新形势下,能稳步健康的发展。呼市郊区乡村两级乡镇企业发展很快,1981年以来,总产值和总收入年递增率分别为19.39％和18.91％,但经济效益却呈下降趋势,利润率由81年的17.54％下降到86年的10.86％,主要原因是乡镇企业经营管理水平较低,经营承包责任制还没有成为企业的基本管理制度。财务管理混乱,企业普遍不搞成本核算;自有资金少,靠贷款过日子;职工队伍素质不高,技术力量缺乏。为此,必须深化改革,增强企业内在活力,改变落后的经营管理方式,引进竞争机制,积极推行和完善承包责任制,抓紧人才培训工作,不断提高职工素质,加强横向经济联合,变封闭型生产为开放经营,真正使乡镇企业的经济建设工作由追求产值增长转向讲求经济效益的轨道上来。     

中国穿山甲的现状与保护对策

主要综述了我国穿山甲的数量、资源价值、贸易状况及保护现状。根据穿山甲的种群状况、生态习性和饲养状况，在研究1982-1996年中国穿山甲贸易特点的基础上，提出了今后对其保护管理的对策。     

不同药剂对巨峰葡萄扦插生根的影响

以强力生根剂、IBA、IBA＋硼砂、NAA、NAA＋IBA等药剂处理巨峰葡萄插条。结果表明，各种药剂对插条生根都有一定促进效果。以强力生根剂效果最佳，生根率60．8％，单株插条生根数8．07根，极显著高于对照（清水）。其次IBA和IBA＋硼砂的效果也较好，生根率分别为47．9％和46．9％，显著高于对照。各种药剂对插条生根长度没有显著影响。