大豆茎生长习性类型鉴别方法研究

为找到清楚、简便、准确地鉴别大豆茎生长习性类型的方法,于1988-1997年分别在南京和石家庄,研究了来自不同地区的共1536份品种和6个不同杂交组合F1、F2、F3Bernard标准的茎生长习性类型及有关的11个性状,从中选出有无顶花序(ETIMS)和上部节数相对值(RVNN)作为划分茎生长习性类型的成分性状.划分标准为:(1)有限型,有顶花序,RVNN＜0.2(夏播)或RVNN＜0.25(春播);(2)亚有限型,有顶花序,RVNN≥0.2(夏播)或RVNN≥0.25(春播);(3)无限型,无顶花序,RVNN≥0.2(夏播)或RVNN≥0.25(春播).用该法划分的结果与用Bernard标准划分的结果有很高的一致性,故在田间调查时可以用成分性状法代替Bernard方法.该法鉴定结果明确、稳定,方法简便易行,可在R3～R7期间于田间一次确定.     

Discovery of new male-sterile cytoplasm sources and development of a new cytoplasmic-nuclear male-sterile line NJCMS3A in soybean

Most of the cytoplasmic-nuclear male-sterile (CMS) lines of soybean were developed only from a limited cytoplasm sources and performed not as good as required in hybrid seed production, therefore, to explore new male-sterile cytoplasm sources should be one of the effective ways to improve the pollination and hybridization for a better pod-set in utilization of heterosis of soybeans. In the present study, total 80 crosses between 70 cultivated and annual wild soybean accessions and three maintainers (N2899, N21249, and N23998) of NJCMS1A were made for detecting potential new sources with male-sterile cytoplasm. The results showed that in addition to the crosses with N8855.1 (the cytoplasm donor parent of NJCMS1A) and its derived line NG99-893 as cytoplasm parent, there appeared three crosses, including N21566 × N21249 and N23168 × N21249, with male-sterile plants in their progenies. According to the male fertility performance of backcrosses and reciprocal crosses with the tester N21249, the landrace N21566 and annual wild soybean accession N23168 were further confirmed to have male-sterile cytoplasm. Accordingly, it was understood that the source with male-sterile cytoplasm in soybean gene pool might be not occasional. The results also showed that the genetic system of male sterility of the newly found cytoplasm source N21566 was different from the old cytoplasm source N8855.1, while N23168 was to be further studied. Based on the above results, the derived male-sterile plants from [(N21566 × N21249) F₁ × N21249] BC₁F₁ were back-crossed with the recurrent parent N21249 for five successive times, and a new CMS line and its maintainer line, designated as NJCMS3A and NJCMS3B, respectively, were obtained. NJCMS3A had normal female fertility and stable male sterility. Its microspore abortion was mainly at middle uninucleate stage, earlier than that of NJCMS1A and NJCMS2A. The male fertility of F₁s between NJCMS3A and 20 pollen parents showed that 7 accessions could restore its male fertility and other 13 could maintain its male sterility. The male sterility of NJCMS3A and its restoration were controlled by one pair of gametophyte male-sterile gene according to male fertility segregation of crosses between NJCMS3A and three restorers. The nuclear gene(s) of male sterility in NJCMS3A appeared different from the previously reported CMS lines, NJCMS1A and NJCMS2A. The development of NJCMS3A demonstrated the feasibility to discover new CMS system through choosing maintainers with suitable nuclear background.     

海岛棉零式果枝与长果枝品种间杂交F1目标产量性状的决策分析

采用MINQUE（1）统计方法，利用AD模型对9个海岛棉品种（系）及其20个F1组合产量性状的两年资料进行了相关分析和目标产量性状的决策分析。结果表明，不同性状间遗传组分相关系数的大小顺序并不能代替其他性状对霜前皮棉产量和皮棉总产决策系数的大小顺序。还确定了提高海岛棉零式果枝与长果枝品种间杂交杂种后代霜前皮棉产量     

Fine mapping of the genetic locus L1 conferring black pods using a chromosome segment substitution line population of soybean

The colour of plant organs is a useful trait in crop breeding. The pod colours of soybeans primarily include black, brown and tan types, which are controlled by two classical genetic loci, L1 and L2. Most wild soybeans have black pods, which reflect a possible role in adaptation to the natural environment. Here, an improved chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population SojaCSSLP3 was established to identify the L1 gene. The segment on the 19th chromosome represented by the SSR marker Satt313 was found to link with locus L1. The region was further delimited three times with increased SSR and InDel markers using a population derived from a heterozygous plant of CSSL124 from SojaCSSLP3. The L1 gene was finally located in a 184.43‐kb region between SSR_19p09 and Indel_19P7. Thirteen putative genes in this region were analysed with qRT‐PCR. The expression level of Glyma19 g27460, which is a member of the SANT superfamily with a MYB DNA‐binding domain, was significantly upregulated in black pods and was recognized to be the most likely candidate for the L1 gene.     

繁峙县域杂草名录

自 198 2年以来 ,我们采集鉴定了该县域内的杂草标本 5 0 0多份 ,分属 63科 45 0种 ,其中山西省新纪录有10种 ,分属在 6科 (用 号表示新记录种 )。     

澳大利亚的牧区公共管理及对内蒙古牧区公共管理的启示

澳大利亚对牧区的公共管理十分重视。政府对牧区制定了相应的政策与法规,包括贷款和税收优惠政策、对农牧业生产资料的各种补贴以及建立农业生产扶持基金制度等。澳大利亚政府对牧区的科技、教育、文化、卫生、社会保障与基础设施的管理积累了丰富的经验,值得中国借鉴。     

Submicrometer Superconducting YBa2Cu3O6+x Particles Made by a Low-Temperature Synthetic Route

Evidence suggests that superconducting, orthorhombic YBa(2)Cu(3)O(6+x)+ (x greater, similar 0.5) is always produced by oxidation of the oxygen-deficient, tetragonal form (x less, similar 0.5) of this phase (commonly referred to as 123). A synthetic route whereby solution-derived, carbon-free precursors are decomposed at 650 degrees to 700 degrees C in inert atmosphere to yield tetragonal 123 is now available. Appropriate precursors include hydrated oxides derived from the hydrolysis of organometallic solutions and aqueous solution-derived hyponitrites. Subsequent oxidation of the tetragonal phase at 400 degrees C results in submicrometer particles of orthorhombic 123. Superconductivity (T(c) onset approximately 87 K) has been confirmed in these materials by both Meissner effect and specific-heat measurements.     

盐酸克伦特罗单克隆抗体的制备及其特性

以戊二醛法将盐酸克伦特罗 (Clenbuterol,CL)连接到牛血清白蛋白 (BSA)上制备抗原(BSA -CL) ,并以BSA -CL免疫Balb/c小鼠 ,应用杂交瘤技术将免疫鼠脾细胞与NS0细胞融合 ,建立分泌CL单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。通过对杂交瘤细胞培养上清的检测、鉴定 ,筛选出 1 7株高亲和力的杂交瘤细胞株 ,其中C - 4C9、C - 2D6、C - 4G1和C - 2H6的培养上清ELISA效价为 1∶5 1 2 ,1∶640 ,1∶81 0和 1∶2 5 6;腹水ELISA效价为 5× 1 0 - 6,1 .7× 1 0 - 5,2×1 0 - 6和 3.3× 1 0 - 5。 4株单抗与 β -肾上腺素激动剂沙丁胺醇的交叉反应性为 0 .79% ,与肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、异丙肾上腺素及畜禽常用抗生素无交叉反应性。可以作为制备CL快速检测的特异性单克隆抗体应用