陕西省粮食生产波动的时序分析

以 1 953～ 1 997年粮食生产统计数据为依据 ,在分离陕西省粮食生产波动的基础上 ,总结了粮食生产波动规律和时序分布特征 ,分析了粮食生产波动的成因机制 ,并对迈向 2 1世纪陕西省粮食生产形势作了相应的预期。     

Fine mapping of the genetic locus L1 conferring black pods using a chromosome segment substitution line population of soybean

The colour of plant organs is a useful trait in crop breeding. The pod colours of soybeans primarily include black, brown and tan types, which are controlled by two classical genetic loci, L1 and L2. Most wild soybeans have black pods, which reflect a possible role in adaptation to the natural environment. Here, an improved chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population SojaCSSLP3 was established to identify the L1 gene. The segment on the 19th chromosome represented by the SSR marker Satt313 was found to link with locus L1. The region was further delimited three times with increased SSR and InDel markers using a population derived from a heterozygous plant of CSSL124 from SojaCSSLP3. The L1 gene was finally located in a 184.43‐kb region between SSR_19p09 and Indel_19P7. Thirteen putative genes in this region were analysed with qRT‐PCR. The expression level of Glyma19 g27460, which is a member of the SANT superfamily with a MYB DNA‐binding domain, was significantly upregulated in black pods and was recognized to be the most likely candidate for the L1 gene.     

猪副嗜血杆菌病诊断与防治

猪副嗜血杆菌病作为对猪群生长发育带来严重危害性的一种细菌性传染疾病,不仅导致猪群质量下降,降低生猪养殖产业的经济效益。猪副嗜血杆菌病不会造成猪群较高的死亡率,但是对猪群在生长发育中的抵抗能力下降,极易感染多种传染性疾病,导致症状复杂,不利于疾病的诊断。该文主要对猪副嗜血杆菌病的诊断展开分析,论述流行特点、病例变化、临床症状等,并总结猪副嗜血杆菌病的防治方法。     

THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER AIDED NORM OF WORKING HOUR PLANNING SYSTEM

Based on Group Technology, part families of the norm of working hour are formed according to the similarity among components. With the progressive regerssion, the models of the norm of working hour are built for every part family. A computer aided norm model building program and a computer aided norm of working hour planning system are developed. The system is successfully integrated with CAD/CAPP system. Some examples of the model building and calculation results are illustrated as well.     

Time-resolved spectral studies of blue-green fluorescence of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. Var. Scolymus) leaves: identification of chlorogenic acid as one of the major fluorophores and age-mediated changes

Synchrotron radiation and the time-correlated single-photon counting technique were used to investigate the spectral and time-resolved characteristics of blue-green fluorescence (BGF) of artichoke leaves. Leaves emitted BGF under ultraviolet (UV) excitation; the abaxial side was much more fluorescent than the adaxial side, and in both cases, the youngest leaves were much more fluorescent than the oldest ones. The BGF of artichoke leaves was dominated by the presence of hydroxycinnamic acids. A decrease in the percentage of BGF attributable to the very short kinetic component (from 42 to 20%), in the shape of the BGF excitation spectra, and chlorogenic acid concentrations indicate that there is a loss of hydroxycinnamic acid with leaf age. Studies on excitation, emission, and synchronized fluorescence spectra of leaves and trichomes and chlorogenic acid contents indicate that chlorogenic acid is one of the main blue-green fluorophores in artichoke leaves. Results of the present study indicate that 20-42% (i.e., the very short kinetic component) of the overall BGF is emitted by chlorogenic acid. Time-resolved BGF measurements could be a means to extract information on chlorogenic acid fluorescence from the overall leaf BGF.     

大豆花叶病毒及抗性遗传的研究进展

大豆花叶病毒病是大豆主要病害之一,国内外还没有统一的SMV株系划分体系,各地分别采用一套不同的鉴别品种对当地SMV进行株系划分。美国已鉴定并命名了对SMV4个不同位点的抗性基因Rsv1-Rsv4,多数研究认为,大豆对SMV不同株系的抗侵染分别由1对显性基因控制。据报道,分别对6个株系的抗性基因Ra、Rsc7、Rsc8、Rsc9、Rn1、Rn3相互连锁,位于N8-（D1b＋W）连锁群上;大豆对SMV的抗病、坏死以及花叶三类症状由一组复等位基因控制;大豆不仅存在时SMV的抗侵染,而且存在抗扩展,抗扩展由一对加性主基因和加性-显性多基因共同控制;国内利用杂交或回交方法,培育出齐黄22、汾豆60等一批抗病品种。     

跨越百年的理性思考

文章在回顾山东农业大学百年历史的基础上,对山东农业大学百年的办学特色、办学原则、办学经验、办学灵魂进行了总结与深化。     

油炸条件对鸡胸肉剪切力的影响

将鸡胸肉在70℃、85℃、100℃、125℃、150℃、165℃和180℃的棕榈油中分别炸制3.0 min、4.5 min和6.0 min,分析其剪切力、可溶性含氮物和水分含量及感官指标的变化。结果表明：油炸使肉块色泽加深、风味增加,各项指标随油炸温度和油炸时间变化而改变;随着油炸温度升高,鸡肉的剪切力呈先上升后下降的趋势,而可溶性总氮和水分含量呈总体下降趋势;随着炸制时间延长,鸡肉的剪切力整体呈上升的趋势,而水分含量和可溶性总氮整体呈下降趋势。150℃油炸4.5 min或者165℃油炸3.0 min出品率较高;而180℃油炸3.0 min,则可溶性含氮物含量较高,质地较嫩。     

我国南方大豆地方品种农艺和品质性状的遗传参数分析

由南方13省区的3769份夏大豆地方品种按省分层随机抽样而得的143份材料组成地方群体;由20份南方夏大豆推广品种及品系组成改良群体,在南京两年三重复试验表明,南方地方群体主要特点是晚熟(132.56天),秆较矮(58.05cm),中粒(14.34g/100粒),底荚高(18.47cm),分枝中等(3.86),产量低(1199.25kg/ha),蛋白质含量高(43.73％)、脂肪含量中等(20.19％)。该群体农艺和品质性状具有丰富的遗传变异,并由5％相对遗传进展特点将45个性状分为,GSI:极大(>40％);GSⅡ:大(40％—10％);GSⅢ:中等(10％—5％);GSⅣ:一定(<5％)等四类,其中GSⅠ、GSⅡ类多属产量、生育期、粒茎比、株高、百粒重等农艺性状,GSⅢ、GSⅣ类多属蛋白质含量及其氨基酸组分、脂肪含量等品质性状。     

2002-2004年国家大豆区试品种对大豆花叶病毒抗性的评价

在接种东北大豆产区SMV主要株系N1、N3和黄淮与南方大豆产区SMV株系Sa、SC3条件下,对最新育成的参加2002-2004年国家大豆区试的134个大豆品种进行了抗性评价,结果表明:接种4个株系后,分别有13个品种(东农L13、汾豆56、汾豆60、汾豆61、晋大74、K丰52-1、航天2号、辽03-20、辽95025-5-4、中作2-29、中豆32、科9208、油春32)和5个品种(铁95025-5-5、铁94037-6、汾豆69、冀99、冀鉴27)分别对4个株系和3个株系表现抗侵染,中黄4、中作016、吉林2001-14等25个品种对1-2个株系表现抗侵染;5个品种(公交03-1212、冀鉴37、秦豆9、淮02-02、滑豆20)对4个株系表现抗扩展.以上品种除可用于生产外,还可作为抗SMV育种的抗源.该批参试品种中,黄淮地区品种的平均病情指数最轻,其次是东北地区品种,然后长江流域,华南地区品种的病情最重.从不同类型品种的病情分析,按黄淮夏大豆、北方春大豆、南方夏大豆、南方春大豆、菜用大豆、热带多熟制大豆的顺序逐步加重.在田间条件下,免疫品种数量不多,占参试品种的7.9%,严重度为1级的高抗品种占47.5%,未发现严重度为4级的高感品种,表明多数品种田间抗性较好.