放牧对武功山草甸土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的影响

以武功山山地草甸为研究对象,通过分析不同放牧强度对土壤微生物生物量碳氮以及酶活性的影响,旨在为退化草甸修复提供理论依据。结果表明:1)不同土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量表现为0-20cm土层20-40cm土层,除20-40cm土层轻牧和中牧的土壤微生物生物量氮无显著差异外(P0.05),随放牧强度增加,土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量均显著降低(P0.05);2)可溶性碳氮含量在0-20和20-40cm土层间无显著差异(P0.05),均表现为在0-20cm土层轻牧显著大于中牧和重牧(P0.05);3)碱解氮和易氧化碳含量表现为在不同土层,轻牧和中牧含量均显著高于重牧(P0.05);4)土壤β-葡萄糖甘酶、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖甘酶和脲酶活性表现为在不同土层下,轻度和中牧均显著高于重牧(P0.05);5)相关性分析表明,不同放牧强度土壤β-葡萄糖甘酶、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖甘酶和脲酶活性与微生物生物量碳氮均呈显著性正相关(P0.05)或极显著正相关(P0.01)。     

Low levels of haptoglobin and putative amino acid sequence in Taiwanese Lanyu miniature pigs

Porcine haptoglobin (Hp) is an acute phase protein. Its plasma level increases significantly during inflammation and infection. One of the main functions of Hp is to bind free hemoglobin (Hb) and inhibit its oxidative activity. In the present report, we studied the Hp phenotype of Taiwanese Lanyu miniature pigs (TLY minipigs; n=43) and found their Hp structure to be a homodimer (beta-alpha-alpha-beta) similar to human Hp 1-1. Interestingly, Western blot and high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis showed that 25% of the TLY minipigs possessed low or no plasma Hp level (<0.05 mg/ml). The Hp cDNA of these TLY minipigs was then cloned, and the translated amino acid sequence was analyzed. No sequences were found to be deficient; they showed a 99.7% identity with domestic pigs (NP_999165). The mean overall Hp level of the TLY minipigs (0.21 +/- 0.25 mg/ml; n=43) determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was markedly lower than that of domestic pigs (0.78 +/- 0.45 mg/ml; p<0.001), while 25% of the TLY minipigs had an Hp level that was extremely low (<0.05 mg/ml). In addition, the initial recovery rate (first 40 min) in the circulation of infused fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-Hb was significantly higher in the TLY minipigs with extremely low Hp levels than those with high levels. This data suggests that the low concentration of Hp-Hb complex is responsible for the higher recovery rate of Hb in the circulation. TLY minipigs have been used as an experimental model for cardiovascular diseases; whether they can be used as a model for inflammatory diseases, with Hp as a marker, remains a topic of interest. However, since the Hp level varies significantly among individual TLY minipigs, it is necessary to prescreen the Hp levels of the animals to minimize variation in the experimental baseline. The present study may provide a reference value for future use of the TLY minipig as an animal model for inflammation-associated diseases.     

催芽温度对芦笋种子发芽及代谢的影响

芦笋种子的最适发芽温度为２０～２５℃。在一定温度范围内，种子的发芽率与α－淀粉酶活性、呼吸强度呈正相关。发芽过程中种子贮藏物质（淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪等）含量逐渐降低。变温催芽优于恒温催芽，尤以昼高夜低（２５℃／２０℃）效果最好。     

抗旱保水袋性能及其在容器苗中的试验研究

为探讨抗旱保水袋在废弃采石场造林中的应用效果,通过室内试验和室外盆栽试验研究了抗旱保水袋性能及对容器苗生长的影响。结果表明:大袋保水袋的吸水速率和吸水倍数比小袋保水袋分别增加1.4倍、1.9倍,在蒸馏水溶液下的吸水速率和吸水倍数比自来水分别增加0.6倍、0.1倍;大袋保水袋的保水率大于小袋保水袋;保水袋能显著增加渣土土壤体积含水量,比对照高1.29倍,苗高平均比对照增加2.36cm,成活率平均比对照增加69.5%,出现死亡天数平均比对照推迟12d。结论得出,抗旱保水袋是干旱、半干旱及半湿润地区废弃采石场困难立地提高造林成活率并促进植被恢复的一种有效方法。     

绿翅绢野螟的为害及防治

本文介绍了绿翅绢野螟的形态特征及生活习性,对其在盆架树上发生为害进行分析,并提出了针对性的防治措施。     

龙岩地区部分猪场弓形虫病的血清学调查

通过间接血凝(IHA)试验对采自龙岩地区12个猪场的2055份猪血清进行弓形虫病的抗体检测,结果表明猪弓形虫病在龙岩地区呈散发性流行。样品阳性率为5.99%,各猪场之间的抗体阳性率有一定差异,最高为16.22%,最低为0。在母猪群中随着胎次的增加,弓形虫病抗体阳性率也升高,由1～2胎的6.72%上升到5胎以上的12.18%;育肥猪群总体弓形虫病抗体阳性率较低,由哺乳仔猪的10.94%缓慢降至育肥猪的1.62%,呈现出随日龄增加弓形虫病抗体阳性率逐渐降低的趋势。     

武汉市规模猪场粪水资源化利用典型模式探析

为有效控制规模猪场生产中产生的粪水对环境的影响,加快推进规模猪场粪水资源化利用,促进一、二、三产业融合,文章立足于武汉市规模猪场粪水资源化利用实际,选取规模猪场粪水资源化利用典型模式进行分析,以期为提高规模猪场粪水资源化利用提供借鉴.     

激素与营养液配施对平菇产量及品质的影响

植物激素与营养液配合施用可促进平菇菌丝生长和子实体发育，提高产量，改善商品性状，但却不能增加干物质的积累。对营养成分含量的影响随激素与营养液配方的不同而异。     

羊口疮病毒B2L基因密码子偏好性分析

B2L蛋白是羊口疮病毒(ORFV)的主要囊膜蛋白,为重要保护性抗原之一,可刺激机体产生强烈的抗体反应。本研究对B2L基因运用Visual Gene Developer生物信息学软件,分析其在大肠杆菌、毕赤酵母、昆虫杆状病毒表达系统中的密码子使用偏好性,从而选择一个最适表达系统,以增加B2L蛋白的表达量。分析表明,B2L基因在昆虫杆状病毒表达系统中会得到更好的表达,这为B2L基因表达系统的选择提供了参考。