甘蓝型油菜含油量的遗传研究

采用7×7双列杂交设计,研究了甘蓝型油菜含油量的基因作用和其它遗传参数,以及含油量与其它农艺性状、品质性状的关系。结果表明:含油量的遗传符合加性—显性遗传模型,有关基因在亲本中呈独立分布;显性指向增效,表现超显性作用;亲本中显性基因比隐性基因多,增效基因比减效基因的频率大;控制含油量并表现显性的基因约为4组;含油量的广义和狭义遗传力分别为81.16％和30.90％。单相关和逐步回归分析一致表明,单株产量、每角粒数、主花序长度和株高对含油量有较强正向作用,但角果长度和全株总角果数的作用为负。本文还讨论了基因作用分析在探讨配合力的基因效应成分和杂种优势产生的可能原因中的意义,及其在选择中的应用。     

Field evaluation of insect-resistant transgenic Populus nigra trees

The performance of insect-resistant transgenic poplar trees (Populusnigra) expressing a Cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki HD-1 against poplar defoliators was evaluated in the field at the Manas Forest Station in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region during1994–1997. The results showed that the average percentage of highly damaged leaves on the transgenic trees was 10% while that on the control trees in nearby plantations reached 80–90%. The average number of pupae per m² of soil at 20cm depth in transgenic poplar plantation was 18 which was only 20% of that found in the non-transgenic control field. The number of pupae and the leaf-damage on transgenic trees described above are all far below the threshold set for chemical protection measures. The non-transformed poplar trees grown in the same plantation with the transgenic trees were also protected indicating that cross protection occurred between these two kinds of trees. Insect-resistant transgenic poplar trees have a potential application value in afforestation. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Analysis on the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for two vegetation roofs during rainfall events

In order to understand the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for vegetation roofs during rainfall events, the evaluation criterion of vegetation roof performance is redefined and two vegetation roofs are established artificially based on the code for the design of roof greening, which is investigated during rainfall events. Results show that ophiopogon japonicus roof can delay the production of runoff by 25〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗48 min compared to the rain occurring and retention runoff volume by 40%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗58%, while sambucus dhinensis roof can make the generation of runoff 60〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗130 min later than the rain beginning and runoff volume retention can be as high as 54%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗80%. In addition to PO 3-4 P, the reduction of pollution load of NO -2 N, NH3 N, TP, COD, TN and NO -3 N by both vegetation roofs can reach 95.1%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗98.6%, 87.2%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗93%, 72.4%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗83%, 76%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗81.8%, 68.7%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗78.4% and 40.9%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗60.6% respectively. The level of pH, COD, NH3 N and TP in vegetation roofs runoff can meet class Ⅲ surface water standard. Meanwhile, both vegetation roofs have similar effect in neutralization acid deposition (i.e., from 5.8〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗6.0 (in rain water) to 7.0〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗7.6 (in eco roof runoff water)). Plants grown on vegetation roofs can influence the performance of vegetation roofs. Based on the results, ophiopogon japonicus has an advantage of sambucus chinensis in controlling phosphorus pollution, while sambucus chinensis manifests better in reducing nitrogen load. Vegetation roofs are becoming an important urban landscape more and more, and study results in this paper provide references for the improvement of vegetation roofs construction and more reasonable evaluation of their running performance.     

First report of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing tumor disease of Populus koreana in China

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - In May 2018, a bacterial tumor disease was observed on Populus koreana in Shuangyang county, Changchun city, Jilin Province. Based on physiological...     

游离甲醛和人造板释放甲醛

甲醛是室内空气污染源，它常与甲醛系统粘接连在一起，本文根据国内外资料评述人造板甲醛释放量，分析了脲醛树脂的水解和人造板释放甲醛的机理，还介绍了甲醛的毒害，各国政府的有关法规以各种降低甲醛释放量的方法。     

不同泡桐品种(种源)埋根苗生长与光合特性分析

为进一步研究泡桐埋根苗生长发育动态与光合特性之间的关系,以在郑州地区生长良好的4个泡桐品种(种源)埋根苗为研究材料,对1年生埋根苗生长期的苗高、地径、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率等指标变化动态进行分析。结果表明:不同泡桐品种(种源)埋根苗的苗高生长和地径生长的季节变化趋势基本一致,苗高生长的快速生长期在7月中旬到8月下旬,9月为生长缓慢期,10月初到10月中旬苗高生长基本停止;地径生长的快速生长期从7月中旬到9月初,9月中下旬到10月为缓慢生长期,但10月下旬地径仍然还在缓慢生长,即泡桐地径生长比苗高生长延长10~15 d。不同泡桐品种(种源)埋根苗净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度、蒸腾速率4个光合指标在不同月份的日变化规律比较一致,胞间CO2浓度的日变化均呈现出先下降后上升的单谷曲线特征;净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度均在6、8、10月份出现双峰现象,且峰值出现时间较为一致,说明几个指标呈正相关;毛白33、9502的净光合速率相对较高,郑州白花的值相对较小,与生长量的表现一致;总体来看,5、10月份各泡桐品种(种源)无性系埋根苗的净光合速率偏低,6、7、8、9月份则相对较高,显示了泡桐在不同月份光合能力大小的差异。     

蛋氨酸的功能及代谢吸收过程

本文介绍了蛋氨酸的功能,并且详细阐述了蛋氨酸的代谢过程和吸收过程,为合理调控蛋氨酸在动物体内的吸收代谢和在饲料中添加蛋氨酸提供了理论依据。     

硫酸新霉素可溶性粉在靶动物猪的安全性研究

为了客观评价硫酸新霉素可溶性粉对靶动物猪临床应用的安全性,将32头仔猪随机分为4组,每组8头,分别设1倍、3倍、5倍临床推荐剂量组和空白对照组,连续混饮硫酸新霉素可溶性粉15 d,通过检测各组受试猪的临床表现、血液常规指标、血清生化指标、尿液常规指标及病理学变化等评价其临床用药的安全性。结果:硫酸新霉素可溶性粉以5倍临床推荐剂量内应用于靶动物猪后,对其临床症状、体重、血常规、血生化及尿常规等指标没有显著影响,解剖学及病理组织学检查也未见任何病理变化,说明硫酸新霉素可溶性粉以1倍、3倍、5倍临床推荐剂量应用于靶动物猪是安全的。     

黄牛正常胆囊及牛黄胆囊组织学观察

对111份正常黄牛及12份天然牛黄牛的胆囊,进行了组织学光镜观察。结果发现,在正常情况下黄牛胆囊即有轻度水肿、炎细胞浸润的胆囊炎病变;牛黄胆囊均有囊壁增厚、炎细胞的显浸润、粘液浆液腺显著增生的慢性胆囊炎。同时胆汁很少,极度粘稠。此外本文对胆囊病变与成黄的关系作了分析。     

添加甲酸对白花草木樨青贮品质的影响

在收获后经过0、8和30h晾晒的初花期草木樨(干物质含量分别为27.36%、38.69%和44.98%)原料中,加入甲酸(添加量为2.5、4.0和5.5ml/kg)进行青贮。结果表明,添加甲酸能使草木樨青贮料氨态氮含量降低,并保存较多的可溶性糖;添加甲酸4.0ml/kg对三个干物质水平草木樨青贮均有良好效果,但以干物质含量27.36%组效果最好。