Strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type isolated in China between 1953 and 1960 show close similarity to strains of the Africa/Australia cluster

In this study, six Chinese strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type (MmmSC) isolated between 1953-1960 were analysed and their molecular characteristics compared to those of the African PG1 and Afade strains, the European C305 and 138/5 strains and the closely related caprine M. mycoides subsp.mycoides large colony type Y-goat strain. PCR amplification of long DNA fragments showed that the six Chinese strains, the PG1 strain and the Y-goat strain, just like Afade, did not have the 8.84 kb deletion characteristic of the European strains C305 and 138/5. In comparison, the lppB gene sequence of the six MmmSC Chinese strains was found to be 99% homologous to that of PG1and Afade, but <93% homologous to the Y-goat sequence. The anti-rLppB antiserum reacted with PG1, Y-goat and the six Chinese strains at 67 kDa sites in Western blot, indicating that the lppB gene and its encoding protein exist in the Chinese strains. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of MmmSC strains from various regions confirmed that the Chinese strains were identical to the African and Australian cluster. This finding was further supported by the outcome of selective primer amplification. Based on these results, it is suggested that CBPP in China may have originated from Australia.     

大肠杆菌氯霉素类耐药基因三重PCR检测试剂盒的研究与应用

本研究研制了大肠杆菌氯霉素类药物耐药基因cat1、flor、cmlA基因三重PCR检测试剂盒.结果显示,该试剂盒具有良好的重复性、灵敏度以及保存期长等特点.应用该试剂盒检测107株猪源鸡源大肠杆菌,cat1、flor、cmlA三种基因的检出率分别是 41.1%、51.4%和36.4%.本试剂盒对氯霉素类药物耐药基因的传播、流行调查以及在临床用药方面具有重要的指导意义.     

舍饲和田羊与卡拉库尔羊生长发育指标的测定

本研究旨在对新疆南部地方品种绵羊平原型和田羊、山区型和田羊及卡拉库尔羊的17种生长发育指标进行检测分析,了解农区舍饲条件下新疆南部地方品种绵羊的基本生长发育情况。主要进行了2个品种、品系绵羊断奶后7个多月期间的17项生长指标的检测,通过SPSS 17.0统计软件分析其各项指标的差异显著性。结果表明：6月龄时,平原型和田羊与山区型和田羊间体高、尻长存在差异显著性(P<0.05),而后胸宽、尾长、尾宽、尾厚的差异极显著(P<0.01);山区型和田羊与卡拉库尔羊间前胸宽、后胸宽存在差异显著性(P<0.05);平原型和田羊与卡拉库尔羊间体重、胸围存在差异显著性(P<0.05),且前胸宽、后胸宽、尾长、尾宽、尾厚的差异极显著(P<0.01)。所检测各项指标的平均月增长量,平原型和田羊与山区型和田羊间体高存在差异显著性(P<0.05),而山区型和田羊与卡拉库尔羊间体高差异极显著(P<0.01);山区型和田羊与卡拉库尔羊管围存在差异显著性（P<0.05）;平原型和田羊与卡拉库尔羊间尾厚存在差异显著性(P<0.05)。对于绵羊体重、体长、体高、胸围等生长发育规律的研究结果表明,平原型和田羊的生长发育与山区型和田羊以及卡拉库尔羊相比较在这些方面具有优势。     

羟基磷灰石及其复合材料在骨组织工程中的研究进展

羟基磷灰石作为生物陶瓷材料广泛应用于硬组织损伤修复.纳米级羟基磷灰石既具有纳米材料的特性,又具羟基磷灰石本身的特性,适于骨组织工程支架材料的构建.本文综述了羟基磷灰石与胶原、聚乳酸、壳聚糖及丝素蛋白复合材料的性能和国内外相关研究成果,并简述了组织工程材料的发展趋势.     

低温条件下溴甲烷和硫酰氟对紫穗槐豆象的毒力

熏蒸环境温度为5℃、10℃的条件下,设计6～10个不同剂量分别开展溴甲烷和硫酰氟熏蒸杀灭紫穗槐种子携带紫穗槐豆象(Acanthoscelides pallidipennis)老熟幼虫的毒力试验,应用PoloPlus软件进行机率值分析的结果表明:在5℃条件下,预计紫穗槐豆象老熟幼虫达到99.9968%死亡率所要求的CT值(Lct_(99.9968))为溴甲烷2855.7g.h/m~3、硫酰氟3973.5g.h/m~3,熏蒸24h所需剂量为119.3g/m~3、158.7g/m~3;在10℃条件下,Lct_(99.9968)为溴甲烷2145.2g.h/m~3、硫酰氟1436.3g.h/m~3,熏蒸24h所需剂量为88.1g/m~3、59.0g/m~3。因此,随着熏蒸温度的提高,硫酰氟对紫穗槐豆象老熟幼虫的毒力作用增长明显,可作为进出口紫穗槐种子检疫处理的有效熏蒸剂,但熏蒸的环境温度须高于10℃。     

Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

BACKGROUND: The polyphagous B‐biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has developed a high resistance to commonly used insecticides in China. To illustrate the induced changes by host plant, bioassay and biochemical research on five different host populations were investigated. RESULTS: Except for bifenthrin, all tested insecticides showed lower toxicity to the B. tabaci poinsettia population compared with other host populations. Moreover, four insecticides, the exceptions being abamectin and fipronil, showed highest toxicity towards the tomato population. The LC₅₀ values of the poinsettia population, particularly towards acetamiprid, were 14.8‐, 10.3‐ and 7.29‐fold higher than those of tomato, cucumber and cabbage respectively. The CarE activities of B. tabaci cabbage and cucumber populations were all significantly higher than those of poinsettia, cotton and tomato populations. The ratio of the cabbage population was 1.97‐, 1.79‐ and 1.30‐fold higher than that of poinsettia, cotton and tomato respectively. The frequency profiles for this activity also have obvious differences. The GST and P450 activities of the cucumber population were the lowest in the five host populations. CONCLUSION: Long‐term induction of host plants for B‐biotype B. tabaci could influence their susceptibilities to several insecticides. Rational selection and usage of insecticides for particular hosts will be helpful for resistance management and control of this species. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

氮肥对水稻品种-稻瘟菌小种相对寄生适合度的影响

选择具有不同抗病性水稻品种 -稻瘟菌小种组合 ,在室内、田间分别设 7个、3个不同氮肥水平 ,测定不同组合不同氮肥水平下品种 -小种相对寄生适合度 ,方差分析结果表明 ,施氮量对品种小种相对寄生适合度的影响较小。相对寄生适合度可以作为一项较为稳定的参量用于水稻品种与稻瘟病小种互作研究。     

黄鳝胃瘤线虫ITS及5.8S rDNA的克隆及序列分析

本研究旨在阐明黄鳝胃瘤线虫湖南分离株的核糖体DNA(rDNA)内转录间隔区(ITS)及5.8 S rDNA序列的遗传变异情况,并用ITS序列重构胃瘤线虫与其它线虫的种群遗传关系.利用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增胃瘤线虫rDNA的ITS-1、5.8S及ITS-2片段,将PCR扩增出的片段纯化后克隆至pGEM-T Easy载体,重组质粒通过菌落PCR鉴定后,对阳性菌落进行序列测定并进行序列分析.结果显示所获得的胃瘤线虫ITS及5.8 S rDNA序列总长存在一定差异(922～927 bp),其中包含部分的18S、28 S及全部的ITS-1 (350～351 bp)、5.8S(102 bp)及ITS-2 (340～344 bp)序列.本研究系国内首次报道胃瘤线虫的ITS序列,其结果为黄鳝胃瘤线虫的分类鉴定以及进一步的分子流行病学调查和群体遗传研究奠定了基础.     

Expression and Bioinformatic Analysis of ADIPOQ Gene in Hanper Sheep

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and biological characteristics of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene in longissimus dorsi muscle of Hanper sheep at different months of age.The ADIPOQ gene mRNA expression was detected in longissimus dorsi muscle of Hanper sheep at 3 different growth periods (1,7 and 13 months old) by Real-time quantitative PCR.The bioinformatics method was used to analyze the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of ADIPOQ gene,protein characteristics and network interaction protein.The results showed that ADIPOQ gene was expressed in longissimus dorsi muscle of Hanper sheep,which showed an increasing trend with the growth of the months age without significant difference (P>0.05).There was higher homology of ADIPOQ gene with Capra hircus (98.60%,99.00%) and Bos taurus (98.60%,87.00%) in nucleotide and amino acid sequences.The results of physical and chemical properties analysis showed that the molecular formula of ADIPOQ protein was C₁₁₇₂H₁₇₇₆N₃₁₄O₃₄₉S₅,the molecular mass was 26.00 ku,and the theoretical isoelectric point (pI) was 5.88,which suggested that the protein was acidic.The average value of ADIPOQ hydrophilic protein (GRAVY) was －0.403,which indicated that the protein was hydrophilic and didn’t belong to transmembrane protein.In addition,the signal peptide sequence was Met¹-Ala¹⁷,and the cleavage site was between Ala¹⁷ and Arg¹⁸.ADIPOQ existed collagen structure domain and C1Q conserved structure domain at position 45－101 and 101－237,respectively.The secondary structure mainly composed of random coil (66.95%).The construction of protein interaction network indicated that ADIPOQ might interact with ADIPOR1,ADIPOR2,CDH13 and LEP.The results provided a theoretical basis for further exploring the molecular biological functions of ADIPOQ gene in the process of muscle development in Hanper sheep.     

祁连山中部高山草甸土壤有机碳矿化及其影响因素研究

分析了室内培养土壤温湿度变化对祁连山海拔3500,3600,3700和3800 m处高寒草甸土壤有机碳矿化的影响。结果显示土壤有机碳累积矿化量及其比例为35℃下最高,土壤含水量为30%和40%下比10%和20%下高,0~15 cm土层比15~35 cm土层中高。土壤有机碳矿化速率及其占有机碳含量比例随培养时间延长而递减。土壤有机碳矿化速率及其比例为35℃下最高,土壤含水量为30%和40%下比10%和20%下高,0~15 cm土层比15~35 cm土层中高。一阶动态方程拟合土壤有机碳矿化动态效果较好。5℃下分解率系数和活性有机碳库较低。5℃升高到15℃,Q10为1~6,15℃升高到25℃,Q10为1~2。结果表明祁连山高寒草甸表层土壤有机碳分解受温湿度变化的影响较大。