不同杀菌剂对小麦纹枯病和赤霉病的防治效果

为明确不同杀菌剂对小麦纹枯病、赤霉病的防治效果,在大田条件下以‘开麦21’为试验材料研究了12种杀菌剂对小麦纹枯病、11种杀菌剂对赤霉病的防治效果及对小麦产量的影响。结果表明:30%己唑醇悬浮剂76.5g/hm2、75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂168.75g/hm2处理对小麦纹枯病的防效较好,拔节期病指防效(乳熟期枯白穗防效)分别为62.77%(56.21%)和60.58%(53.45%),小麦产量较对照分别增加27.65%和21.30%;48%氰烯·戊唑醇悬浮剂432g/hm2、25%氰烯菌酯悬浮剂750g/hm2处理对小麦赤霉病的防效较好,病指防效(病穗防效)分别为70.78%(56.57%)和68.84%(46.86%),小麦产量较对照分别增加25.44%和24.40%。综合分析,以上药剂可做田间大面积推广应用。     

中国杨梅资源及利用研究评述

杨梅属植物有60多个种,我国有6个种。综合有关文献归纳了我国6种杨梅种质资源的现状及地理分布,重点介绍了杨梅种的种质资源情况。全国现有杨梅栽培品种305个,单系120个,其中18个栽培品种通过了省级审定用于商业生产。由于杨梅具有重要的食用、药用、生态和观赏价值,经济效益、生态效益和社会效益兼备,开发潜力巨大。就杨梅果品开发、药用价值、工业原料、生态林果几方面探讨了杨梅资源的开发利用现状,重点介绍了杨梅的药用价值及活性成分。针对杨梅资源开发利用中存在的问题,提出加快杨梅医药产品的研制开发,充分利用杨梅生态效益,用于环境治理和生态重建的建议。     

根癌农杆菌介导豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因转入苹果主栽品种

研究建立起一套简单、高效的苹果遗传转化系统。利用根癌农杆菌介导的叶圆片转化法将高效启动的豇豆胰蛋白抑制剂基因（ＣｐＴｌ）转入富士、齐纳金、王林、嘎拉等苹果主栽品种中,经卡那霉素抗性、ＰＣＲ、点杂交、Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｍ杂交检测证明了４个品种均获得转化再生植株,现已移栽成活。     

盐碱胁迫对虞美人种子萌发的影响

以虞美人种子为试材,采用培养皿纸上萌发法,利用不同浓度梯度的盐溶液NaCl、碱溶液NaHCO_3以及NaCl与NaHCO_3(1∶1)混合溶液对虞美人种子进行处理,以期研究盐碱胁迫对虞美人种子萌发的影响。结果表明:盐碱溶液浓度的升高,抑制了种子萌发能力,种子的发芽率、相对发芽率、发芽势、苗鲜质量、胚根长、活力指数、发芽指数等指标均呈下降趋势;相对盐害率均呈上升趋势。虞美人种子的萌发对NaCl溶液的耐盐浓度为0.343%,极限浓度为0.935%;对NaHCO_3溶液的耐盐碱浓度为0.389%,极限浓度为0.950%;对NaCl与NaHCO_3(1∶1)混合溶液的耐盐碱浓度为0.425%,极限浓度为0.871%。     

脱毒马铃薯‘冀张薯8号’冬种最佳密度试验研究

通过田间试验,探索‘冀张薯8号’冬种不同密度对其产量和经济性状的影响.结果表明:随着密度的增大其商品著率减少,不同密度对马铃薯产量影响较大,冬种马铃薯‘冀张薯8号’栽培最佳密度为4 200株/667 m2.     

芋优异种质资源鉴定评价研究

对农业行业标准《农作物种质资源鉴定评价规范芋》编制的技术路线进行了分析研究,以期为芋优异种质资源的鉴定评价提供参考。     

Effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice

AIM: To study the effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice. METHODS: The nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts were treated with drugs via intraperitoneal injection daily, and were divided into 5 groups: negative control group, 15 mg/kg baicalin group, 30 mg/kg baicalin group, 60 mg/kg baicalin group and 4 mg/kg etoposide (VP-16) positive control group. After 12-day treatment, the weight of CA46 cell xenografts stripped from some nude mice in the 5 groups was used to evaluate the effect of baicalin on xenograft growth in the nude mice. The apoptosis, necrosis and pathological changes of the xenograft cells were examined under light microscope and transmission electronic microscope respectively. The expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway-related proteins extracted from xenografts were determined by Western blotting. The other nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in the 5 groups continued to be treated with the drugs until death in order to evaluate the effect of balcalin on survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts. RESULTS: Baicalin remarkably inhibited the growth of CA46 cell xenografts, induced apoptosis and necrosis of xenograft cells, and reduced the protein expression of phospho-Akt (p-Akt), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) in the xenografts after 12-day treatment. Furthermore, baicalin prolonged the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Baicalin inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of CA46 cell xenografts in the nude mice, and prolongs the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts through the mechanism of down-regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling pathways.     

“新优选蕉柑”的选育研究

新优选蕉柑是从新1号蕉柑芽变单株中选育出来的蕉柑新品种。在潮汕地区经过多年对其后代进行多点区域性试验和品种比较试验,表明新优选蕉柑的枝梢较粗且长,叶片和花较大,果实明显增大,单果增大29 g左右;花量相对较少,着果率较高,丰产稳产性能更好,物候期和结果习性等与新1号蕉柑相近。新优选蕉柑是一个发展潜力较大的柑桔新品种,已经通过广东省农作物新品种审定。     

猕猴桃晚花雄性新品种‘磨山雄3号’

 ‘磨山雄3号’是从野生美味猕猴桃资源中选育而成的晚花雄性新品种。树势强旺,萌芽率57%,成花容易,花枝率95%。花白色,花量大,花冠直径41 mm,花瓣8 ~ 10片,花丝168枚,花药纵径、横径分别为1.9和1.0 mm,花粉萌发率为73% ~ 82%。在武汉地区4月底至5月初开花,花期12 ~ 13 d,能与目前主栽品种‘金魁’、‘海沃德’、‘米良1号’等20余个晚花雌性品种的花期相遇。     

4种纯林空气负离子浓度研究

利用负离子仪对上海市松江区中央公园的4种纯林内的空气负离子浓度进行测定,并通过比较分析,得出如下结果：桂花、紫叶李、蚊母树纯林在5月和7月份的空气负离子浓度日变化曲线呈双峰型,石楠呈单峰型;在6月和8月份紫叶李、蚊母树和石楠纯林日变化曲线相似,几乎平行;不同纯林日平均负离子浓度有差异,相关性分析表明,纯林内的空气负离子浓度与温度和相对湿度的几乎无显著相关性,为合理利用负离子资源提供一定依据。