晋北黄土高原蜂群管理对策

晋北黄土高原区，海拔多在1200～1400m之间，地势由东向西倾斜，土层深厚，土壤透水性、通气性好，含有丰富的营养物质，是较理想的蜜源植物种植土壤。     

稚蚕人工饲料中几种微量元素的添加效果

测定桑叶粉及基础饲料中钛、铁、硒、稀土元素的含量，分别为６１～９２、５２０～１０００、０．３８４、５．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ和３７、６５０～７１０、０．４１４、５．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ。在基础饲料中以６．７～５２．２ｍｇ钛／ｋｇ饲料剂量添加柠檬酸钛，对１～２龄蚕的生长发育未见有促进作用；以柠檬酸混合稀土、柠檬酸钟、柠檬酸镧形式向基础饲料中加入１７．４～１４１．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ饲料的混合稀土或其单体元素铈和镧，其生长发育没有促进而略受抑制。稚蚕饲料中添加１％磷酸高铁（相当于２４００ｍｇ／ｋｇ饲料），稚蚕期的生长发育有明显促进，促进程度随添加时间的延长而进一步加大，这种促进作用不是通过改变饲料适口性来实现的。     

Inductive expression of the NOD1 signalling pathway in chickens infected with Salmonella pullorum

1. The aim of this study was to describe the role of Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) receptor signalling in chicken.

2. Tissue-specific expression analysis of NOD1, receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 2 (RIPK2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 (MAPK11 or p38) by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed their wide distribution in various organs and tissues.

3. Salmonella pullorum infection activated NOD1 receptor signalling in vivo and in vitro, resulting in significant induction of downstream signalling molecules RIPK2, NF-κB/p65, MAPK11/p38 and the effector molecules IL-1b and IL-8.

4. Activation of NOD1 by its agonist bacterial γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP) in HD11 cells induced the adapter molecular RIPK2 and activated the NF-κB/p65 and MAPK11/p38 pathways, resulting in an increase in IL-8 but not IL-1β. Additionally, inhibition of NOD1 using NOD1-shRNA resulted in downregulation of RIPK2, MAPK11 and IL-8, while NF-κB/p65 and IL-1β were unaltered.

5. These results highlight the important role of NOD1 receptors in eliciting the innate immune response following pathogenic invasion in chicken.     

DNA Barcoding:An Effective Tool for Species Identification of Lepidopteran Oak Pests

[Objective] The paper was to improve the efficiency and accuracy of early forecast of Lepidopteran oak-infesting pests.[Method] DNA barcoding technique was established for quick species identification using mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ) as the standard gene.This barcoding technique was used to amplify and sequence genomic DNA samples from eggs and pupae of 11 species of Lepidopteran pests collected from oak.[Result] The DNA barcoding standard genes of 594-708 bp were determined from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.There were differences of 0-2 bases in DNA barcode sequences between conspecific eggs and pupae,with the sequence identity of 99.7%-100%.The average content of A,T,G and C of DNA barcode sequences from Lepidopteran insects were 30.7%,38.5%,14.9% and 15.9%,respectively.The obtained DNA barcode sequences had 91.4%-100% identity and 0-8.6% difference degree with GenBank-deposited DNA barcode sequences from organisms of the genetically-closest relationship.Among them,DNA barcode sequences from egg and pupa samples of 10 Lepidopteran insects(No.1-20) had 99%-100% identity and 0-1.0% difference degree with homologous sequences in GenBank database,while the remaining samples(No.21-22) had high difference degree(8.6%) with homologous sequences.[Conclusion] The established DNA barcoding technique is an effeetive tool for species identification of Lepidopteran pests using genomic DNA from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.     

酵母培养物对安徽白山羊和波尔山羊生长发育的影响

以安徽白山羊和波尔山羊为试验动物,探讨酵母培养物对其生长发育的影响。结果表明,体重方面,在A组、B组和C组内,试验组比对照组的总增重分别多33.79%、11.76%和18.00%,且A组中试验组总增重和平均日增重极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);体尺方面,A组中试验组体斜长增长显著高于对照组(P<0.05),C组中试验组尻宽增长显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A组中试验组体高增长极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);经济效益方面,A组、B组和C组内的试验组比对照组平均每只羊分别多获利15.87、4.14和8.05元。     

抗球虫药的分类和应用

球虫病是一种分布广泛的原虫病,鸡、火鸡、鸭、鹅、鸽、牛、羊、猪、犬、兔等均可感染发病,其中鸡的危害最重,是集约化养鸡业中最重要的疾病之一.……     

江西养猪业的发展现状、存在问题及对策

<正>自2006年下半年以来,全国养猪生产逐步摆脱市场持续低糜的阴影,生猪及其产品价格不断上涨,养猪业呈现产销两旺的大好形势。江西是全国生猪主产省之一,每年外销和出口生猪1000万头左右,对保障全国肉类供应发挥了重要作用。2006年,江西省养猪业虽然受到市场大幅波动和动物疫病等不利因素影响,但总体上仍然保持稳定发展的势头。     

禽胰多肽研究进展

禽胰多肽(avian pancreatic polypeptide,APP)是由36个氨基酸残基组成,由胰脏胰多肽细胞分泌的一种多肽。研究表明,APP具有促进畜禽采食,加快生长发育,调节胃肠道运动,影响内分泌活动和保护细胞膜的完整性等多种生理作用。在近30年的研究工作中,人们对胰多肽的生理功能和临床应用有了一定的了解,但是对其生理活性及作用机制的研究尚处于探索阶段,在许多方面还有待进一步研究揭示。     

植酸酶包埋后酶活和热稳定性变化的规律研究

为了了解植酸酶在包埋状态下酶活及酶性的变化,分别对酶的释放情况和热稳定性进行了研究.结果表明,随着时间的延长,包埋酶释放出的酶活逐渐上升(P＜0.01),60min时达到最大值;而未包埋酶释放出的酶活逐渐下降(P＜0.01),60 min时达到最小值.包埋酶和未包埋酶在30、40、50、60、70、80、90和100℃的条件下,随着温度的升高,残留的植酸酶活力下降(P＜0.01).对于包埋酶,当温度升高到70℃时,植酸酶相对酶活仍保持在93%(P＞0.05);当温度升高到80℃时,植酸酶的相对酶活才明显下降(P＜0.01),不过在100℃时,仍能保持67%的酶活(P＜0.01).对于未包埋酶,当温度升高到60℃时,植酸酶相对酶活明显下降(P＜0.01);当温度升高到100℃时,植酸酶相对酶活仅有23%(P＜0.01).通过在统一温度条件下,对包埋酶和未包埋酶处理组的相对酶活的对比发现,在50℃以下时,二者差异不显著,当温度超过60℃时,包埋酶的相对酶活极显著高于未包埋酶.     

乳牛体型性状线性评定数学模型的指导和应用

本文说明了乳牛体型性状线性评定的常规方法,在此基础上推导出了该评定方法的数学模型。该模型的提出,极大地简化了常规评定方法的繁琐计算,值得在乳牛业生产实践中推广使用。