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81.
Akhil Ranjan Baruah Noriko Ishigo-Oka Mieko Adachi Yasuyo Oguma Yoshiro Tokizono Kazumitsu Onishi Yoshio Sano 《Euphytica》2009,165(3):459-470
The present study was conducted to understand the pattern of variation and the genetic bases for cold tolerance at the early
growth stage in Asian rice. The genetic variation was investigated at the germination, plumule and seedling stages among 57
strains including cultivated rice (Oryza sativa ssp. indica and ssp. japonica) and its wild progenitor (Oryza rufipogon). The significant differentiation of cold tolerance was observed among the taxonomically divided groups. At the germination
stage, both indica and japonica subspecies tended to be more tolerant than O. rufipogon, whereas at the plumule and seedling stages, ssp. japonica tended to be more tolerant than ssp. indica and O. rufipogon. Furthermore, in cold tolerance at the plumule stage, the clinal variation across the latitude of origins was observed within
O. rufipogon and ssp. japonica, suggesting that the current pattern of variation seems to have been shaped by both their phylogenetic histories and on-going
adaptation to the local environments. QTL analysis between O. sativa ssp. japonica (tolerant) and O. rufipogon (susceptible) revealed five putative QTLs for cold tolerance at the plumule and seedling stages but not at the germination
stage. Substitution mapping was also carried out to precisely locate the two major QTLs for cold tolerance at the plumule
stage, which could be used for improvement of tolerance to cold stress in ssp. indica. 相似文献
82.
利用介电特性对食品加工过程进行非破坏性检测技术的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选用标准蔗糖和新鲜胡萝卜、葱为材料,研究干燥过程中原料电物性及水分含量变化规律的相关性。结果表明,60℃温度下热风干燥几种新鲜蔬菜,其水分含量随着干燥时间的增加而下降,电容值的变化趋势与水分的变化相同,两者存在极显著的线性相关性。水分的变化规律可以用相对应点的电容的变化来说明,从而对干燥终点的非破坏性及连续性检测和控制成为可能。 相似文献
83.
The Wx
b gene, one of the alleles at the rice waxy(wx) locus, is activated at cool temperatures during seed development, andas a result, a large amount of amylose is accumulated causing a reductionin rice grain quality. We found that the seeds of a du mutant couldbe visibly distinguished depending on whether they matured at cool ornormal temperatures. Using these characteristics, we isolated a mutantcandidate insensitive to cool temperatures. While the amylose content inthe original line was about 2% at a normal temperature (28 °C)and 12% at a cool temperature (21 °C), in the mutant candidate(coi) the amylose content was not affected by temperatures, i.e. theamylose content was about 3% at both temperatures. This finding incombination with the results of an immunoblot analysis indicated that theabsence of an increase in the amylose content in this mutant was caused bya constant level of Wx gene expression at normal and cooltemperature. Genetic analysis revealed that this insensitivity to cooltemperatures was caused by a single recessive mutation. This mutantshould be useful in breeding programs designed to produce rice of desiredquality at cool temperatures and in understanding genetic and molecularmechanisms that respond to slight changes in temperature. 相似文献
84.
Classically, selection for superior genotypes in cacao has been based on the successive harvest records across a number of
years. Little information on the minimum duration of these harvest periods is available in the literature. The repeatability
coefficient (ρ) was used to estimate this period. Twenty five cacao genotypes were assayed in a randomized block design with
four replications and 16-plant plots. The following yield components were studied: number of healthy fruits per plant, number
of collected fruits per plant, weight of humid seeds per plant and per fruit, and percentage of diseased fruits per plant,
over 5 years (1986–90). Repeatability estimates were higher than 0.84 for all components, except percentage of diseased fruits
per plant (^ρ - 0.41). With such estimates, it is possible to select genotypes on the basis of only two years of successive
harvests, with a determination coefficient of 90%. The advantages of applying the repeatability coefficient to the cacao breeding
program are discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
85.
Miyake M Yaguchi T Saze K Wang J Ogawa T Endo Y Suzuta Y Okazaki M Haga Y Waki T Takahashi SY Yamamoto Y Iwabuchi S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(1):9-14
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that stimulates a wide array of cellular targets, including hepatocytes and other epithelial cells, melanocytes, endothelial and hematopoietic cells. We have cloned a different form of cDNA, with a deletion of 15 base pairs predicted to result in the loss of 5 amino acids from the first kringle domain. To investigate the biological activity, original and deleted variant of feline HGF cDNAs were transiently expressed in COS-7 cells. Both recombinant feline HGFs showed almost the same dose-response curves in the stimulation of the growth of BNL CL.2 cells (a mouse hepatocyte cell line) and scatter activity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. The findings reported here suggest that the deleted variant of feline HGF has almost the same biological activity as the original in terms of the proliferation and scatter activity. 相似文献
86.
Mae N Makino Y Oshita S Kawagoe Y Tanaka A Aoki K Kurabayashi A Akihiro T Akama K Koike S Takayama M Matsukura C Ezura H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(4):1013-1019
The storage of ripe tomatoes in low-O(2) conditions with and without CO(2) promotes γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulation. The activities of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and α-ketoglutarate-dependent GABA transaminase (GABA-TK) were higher and lower, respectively, following storage under hypoxic (2.4 or 3.5% O(2)) or adjusted aerobic (11% O(2)) conditions compared to the activities in air for 7 days at 25 °C. GAD activity was consistent with the expression level of mRNA for GAD. The GABA concentration in tomatoes stored under hypoxic conditions and adjusted aerobic conditions was 60-90% higher than that when they are stored in air on the same day. These results demonstrate that upregulation of GAD activity and downregulation of GABA-TK activity cause GABA accumulation in tomatoes stored under low-O(2) conditions. Meanwhile, the effect of CO(2) on GABA accumulation is probably minimal. 相似文献
87.
88.
Three humic acids (HA-I) of different degrees of humification were treated with HCl (1:1). The hydrolyzed humic acids (HA-II) were subsequently degraded with Na-amalgam. The reduction products were divided into the following fractions: humic acid residues (HA-III), fulvic acid (FA), and ether-extractable lubstances (Et), The humic acids used in this study were extracted from the following three soils; Inogashira (Volcanic ash soil), Kuragari (Drown forest soil, BD type), and Higashiyama (Brown forest soil, rBB type). The experimental results are summarized as follows: 1. The RF values of HA-II, in the case of Inogashira and Kuragari, were higher, and the △log K values were lower than those of HA-I. The carbon and oxygen contents of HA-II were higher while the hydrogen, and nitrogen contents were lower than those of HA-I. 2. The total amount of carbon in HA-III. FA and Et added up to about 90% of the carbon present in HA-II. The carbon of HA-III found in HA-III after reduction tended to increase in the order: Inogashira>Kuragari>Higashiyama. In FA and Et, the opposite trend was followed. In the case of Inogashira about 60% of the carbon of HA-II was found in HA-III. 3. The dark coloration of humic acid largely disappeared during the reductive treatment. As for the amorphous carbon-like structure detected in Inogashira, it was not found in the HA-III after reduction. Therefore, it was presumed that the structures destroyed or saturated during the reductive treatment were the ones responsible for the essential properties of humic acid. 相似文献
89.
Kazuaki TANAKA Yoshiatsu IWAKI Tatsuya TAKIZAWA Masaru MURAKAMI Hideyuki MANNEN Yoshizane MAEDA Yaetsu KUROSAWA Vu-Binh DANG Loan CHHUM PHITH Bounthong BOUAHOM Yoshio YAMAMOTO Than DAING Takao NAMIKAWA 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(3):243-250
The beta 3‐adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is a G protein‐coupled receptor that is involved in regulating energy homeostasis. We have studied DNA sequences of porcine ADRB3 to find candidate genetic polymorphisms for economically important growth and performance traits in pigs. Five novel haplotypes derived from the three In/dels and 44 SNPs were identified among domestic pigs and wild boars. Three of them encode non‐synonymous amino acid sequences by five missense polymorphisms and a frameshift by a thymine insertion. The amino acid polymorphic sites were distributed as follows: one substitution was in extracellular loop 1, three substitutions were in intracellular loop3 and one substitution and the deletion of two amino acids were at the carboxyl‐terminal. There was no polymorphism in the transmembrane domains. In addition, we surveyed the allelic frequency of the thymine insertion that cause frameshift in South‐east Asian local pigs, including some commercial breeds and wild boars. This thymine insertion was distributed widely in the domestic pigs and wild boars. The frequencies of this allele were relatively low in Western improved breeds, while they were very common in Asian breeds and wild boars in Asia. This result indicates that this insertion originally occurred in ancient Asian wild boars and then circulated among Asian domestic pigs. This allele also spread over Western breeds, probably through the introgression of Asian pigs into European stocks during the 18th and 19th centuries. 相似文献
90.
Interspecific cytoplasm substitutions of an Indica strain of Oryza sativa L. and O. Glaberrima
Steud
Yoshio Sano 《Euphytica》1985,34(3):587-592
Summary To study differential nucleus-cytoplasm interactions between the two cultivated rice species, Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima, cytoplasmic substitution lines were made by using a glaberrima strain (G) and an Indica strain of sativa (S). The G cytoplasm had no adverse effect on pollen development when combined with the nucleus of S. On the other hand, when the S cytoplasm was combined with the G nucleus, the substitution line showed no seed set because of male sterility although the pollen grains were normally stained with I2-KI solution. A dominant gene derived from S strain seemed to cause anther indehiscence in the substitution line. Further, a restorer gene (Rf
j)from Akebono of Japonica type was effective on pollen restoration in the male sterile line, suggesting that the S cytoplasm is the same as those of Japonica type in terms of a fertility-restoring system.This paper is Genetic studies of speciation in cultivated rice. 4. 相似文献