全文获取类型
收费全文 | 38970篇 |
免费 | 2151篇 |
国内免费 | 4323篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 4343篇 |
农学 | 5831篇 |
基础科学 | 3609篇 |
6417篇 | |
综合类 | 12387篇 |
农作物 | 2211篇 |
水产渔业 | 1444篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 5327篇 |
园艺 | 1399篇 |
植物保护 | 2476篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 170篇 |
2023年 | 542篇 |
2022年 | 1410篇 |
2021年 | 1819篇 |
2020年 | 1698篇 |
2019年 | 1588篇 |
2018年 | 1163篇 |
2017年 | 1611篇 |
2016年 | 1451篇 |
2015年 | 1949篇 |
2014年 | 1822篇 |
2013年 | 2198篇 |
2012年 | 2705篇 |
2011年 | 2834篇 |
2010年 | 2586篇 |
2009年 | 2381篇 |
2008年 | 2159篇 |
2007年 | 2055篇 |
2006年 | 1937篇 |
2005年 | 1752篇 |
2004年 | 808篇 |
2003年 | 705篇 |
2002年 | 565篇 |
2001年 | 597篇 |
2000年 | 673篇 |
1999年 | 835篇 |
1998年 | 769篇 |
1997年 | 660篇 |
1996年 | 595篇 |
1995年 | 635篇 |
1994年 | 502篇 |
1993年 | 434篇 |
1992年 | 455篇 |
1991年 | 340篇 |
1990年 | 300篇 |
1989年 | 203篇 |
1988年 | 164篇 |
1987年 | 125篇 |
1986年 | 63篇 |
1985年 | 34篇 |
1984年 | 31篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 26篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
1964年 | 5篇 |
1956年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Zhangxiong Liu Xuhong Fan Wen Huang Jiyu Yang Yuhong Zheng 《Plant Production Science》2017,20(4):499-506
The stabilities of seven agronomic traits were analyzed and the general stabilities of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accessions were evaluated based on the additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) model using the founder parent Tokachi nagaha and 137 of its derived cultivars as materials. The objective was to provide a theoretical basis for effectively using germplasm in soybean breeding and production. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interactions were significantly different for each trait. The first three interaction principal components axes (IPCA) were highly significant, accounting for 61.28–70.00% of the total variation. The stability differed for the different traits. 50 cultivars with high general stabilities were identified. The general stability of Tokachi nagaha was moderate, as the stability coefficients (Di) of its seven traits were relatively high; this must be considered by breeders using this cultivar as a breeding parent. There were significant positive correlations between the phenotypic values and their own Di values for number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and seed weight per plant. This would lead to the expectation that the phenotypic stability would be lower when a cultivar had more branches, pods, seeds, and high per plant yields. Thus, it appears difficult to breed cultivars that simultaneously have high yields and high stability. 相似文献
992.
Hezhen Lou Shengtian Yang Changsen Zhao Zhiwei Wang Xiaolin Liu Liuhua Shi Linna Wu Fanghua Hao Mingyong Cai 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(3):513-524
Paddy land plays a key role in global crop production. Thus, paddy land water is a potential source of nitrogen and phosphorus; both nutrients largely contribute to non-point source pollution because they usually vary closely with micrometeorological elements (MEs) during the growth period. However, few studies have focused on the mechanism of co-variation between nutrients and MEs at the field scale. The relationships between nutrients in the paddy land water and MEs as well as soil water content, soil temperature, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) are still unclear. In this paper, an in situ experiment was designed to obtain 5 years of meteorological data and nutrient data (nitrogen and phosphorus); the size of the experiment plot is in accordance with the spatial resolution of NDVI data. Multi-source meteorological and satellite data were integrated to explore the mechanism of co-variation. The results show that precipitation, air temperature, and solar radiation are the three MEs significantly affecting the nitrogen concentration in the paddy land water during the growth period. The air temperature is the most important ME influencing the phosphorus concentration. At the same time, the NDVI, as an effective indicator of the photosynthetic potential of rice used to explore the relationship between nutrients, has a prominent influence on soluble nutrients, especially on dissolved phosphorus. These findings could significantly improve our understanding about the responses of paddy land nutrients during the growth period to the surrounding drivers, inclusive of MEs, soil water, soil temperature, and NDVI. Undoubtedly, it is a potentially helpful means to monitor the sources of non-point pollution. 相似文献
993.
994.
Junzeng Xu Yuping Lv Likun Ai Shihong Yang Yupu He Twecan Dalson 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(2):381-393
Based on data collected from rice fields under drying–wetting cycle condition, the procedure of dual-crop coefficient (K cd) approaches was calibrated and validated to reveal its feasibility and improve its performance in rice evapotranspiration (ET c) estimation. It was found that K cd based on FAO-recommended basal crop coefficients (K cb) underestimated dual-crop coefficients in monsoon climate region in East China. The recommended coefficient (K cp) value of 1.2 was not high enough to reflect the pulse increase of rice ET c after soil wetting. The K cb values were calibrated as 1.52 and 0.63 in midseason and late season, and the K cp value was adjusted as 1.29 after soil wetting in rice field under drying–wetting cycle condition. The dual-crop coefficient curves based on locally calibrated K cbCal and K cpCor matched well with the measured crop coefficients and performed well in calculating rice evapotranspiration from paddy fields under drying–wetting cycle condition. So it can be concluded that the procedure of dual-crop coefficient method is feasible in rice ET c estimation, and locally calibrated K cb and K cp can improve its performance remarkably. 相似文献
995.
Gui Xiao Frances Nikki Borja Ramil Mauleon Jonas Padilla Mary Jeanie Telebanco-Yanoria Jianxia Yang Guodong Lu Maribel Dionisio-Sese Bo Zhou 《Rice》2017,10(1):37
Background
The rice Pi2/9 locus harbors multiple resistance (R) genes each controlling broad-spectrum resistance against diverse isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae, a fungal pathogen causing devastating blast disease to rice. Identification of more resistance germplasm containing novel R genes at or tightly linked to the Pi2/9 locus would promote breeding of resistance rice cultivars.Results
In this study, we aim to identify resistant germplasm containing novel R genes at or tightly linked to the Pi2/9 locus using a molecular marker, designated as Pi2/9-RH (Pi2/9 resistant haplotype), developed from the 5′ portion of the Pi2 sequence which was conserved only in the rice lines containing functional Pi2/9 alleles. DNA analysis using Pi2/9-RH identified 24 positive lines in 55 shortlisted landraces which showed resistance to 4 rice blast isolates. Analysis of partial sequences of the full-length cDNAs of Pi2/9 homologues resulted in the clustering of these 24 lines into 5 haplotypes each containing different Pi2/9 homologues which were designated as Pi2/9-A5, ?A15, ?A42, ?A53, and -A54. Interestingly, Pi2/9-A5 and Pi2/9-A54 are identical to Piz-t and Pi2, respectively. To validate the association of other three novel Pi2/9 homologues with the blast resistance, monogenic lines at BC3F3 generation were generated by marker assisted backcrossing (MABC). Resistance assessment of the derived monogenic lines in both the greenhouse and the field hotspot indicated that they all controlled broad-spectrum resistance against rice blast. Moreover, genetic analysis revealed that the blast resistance of these three monogenic lines was co-segregated with Pi2/9-RH, suggesting that the Pi2/9 locus or tightly linked loci could be responsible for the resistance.Conclusion
The newly developed marker Pi2/9-RH could be used as a potentially diagnostic marker for the quick identification of resistant donors containing functional Pi2/9 alleles or unknown linked R genes. The three new monogenic lines containing the Pi2/9 introgression segment could be used as valuable materials for disease assessment and resistance donors in breeding program.996.
Zhang Yu Wen Liuying Yang Aiguo Luo Chenggang Cheng Lirui Jiang Caihong Chang Aixia Li Wei Zhang Jing Xiao Zhixin Wang Yuanying 《Euphytica》2017,213(11):259
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) caused serious loss in yield and quality of tobacco every year. It is a long-term goal to improve the tobacco resistance against TMV by tobacco breeding. N gene was the firstly reported TMV-resistant gene, which showed resistance against all Tobamoviruses except the Ob stain and belonged to the toll-interleukin-1 receptor/nucleotide-binding site/leucine-rich repeat class of plant resistance (R) genes. At present, N gene had already been widely used in tobacco conventional breeding, but there is rare available molecular maker used in marker-assisted selection of TMV resistance. In this study, we designed a pair of primers that specific amplify N gene fragment based on the sequence of N gene intron III, named N-marker. Then, we identified TMV resistance by two selecting methods, PCR with N-marker and inoculated with the TMV-C strain. Results from the two method showed that (1) 13 varieties among 67 tobacco varieties displayed hypersensitive reaction when inoculated with the TMV-C strain, also contained N gene fragments screened by PCR with N-marker; (2) 105 strains of 200 BC1 strains showed resistance against TMV when inoculated with TMV-C strain, meanwhile, 103 of the 105 strains contained N gene fragment verified by PCR with N-marker. Therefore, the N-marker is reliable for high throughput screening of germplasm resources and tobacco breeding materials in selection of N-mediated TMV resistance. Our study not only developed a molecular marker for tobacco breeding, but also identified new germplasm resources that are resistant to TMV. 相似文献
997.
Interspecific cross‐hybrids of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. (gla.) S ‘K326’ with Nicotiana alata 下载免费PDF全文
Jugou Liao Jinran Dai Shiyi Yang Xiaoli Zhou Longhui Ren Zhuangzhuang Chen Haili He Suiyun Chen 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(3):427-435
In order to introduce the Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) resistance from Nicotiana alata into Nicotiana tabacum, a cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line of N. tabacum (N. tabacum L. cv. (gla.) S ‘K326’), was successfully crossed with N. alata. Despite a high DNA content variability, F1 hybrids could be classified in two subgroups, a major one encompassing fertile hybrids morphologically similar to their tobacco maternal parent but TSWV sensitive, and a minor one displaying sterile hybrids showing an intermediate phenotype and TSWV resistant. In order to elucidate the unexpected fertility recovery of the fertile F1 plants, some N. alata fertility restoration ppr genes were cloned and were shown to be differentially expressed between parental lineages as well as between both F1 subgroups, suggesting that N. alata contains fertility restoring allele able to overcome the CMS of N. tabacum. 相似文献
998.
Mapping and validation of the quantitative trait loci for leaf stay‐green‐associated parameters in maize 下载免费PDF全文
Zhen Yang Xin Li Ning Zhang Xiaolei Wang Yuna Zhang Yulong Ding Benke Kuai Xueqing Huang 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(2):188-196
Functional stay‐green is generally regarded as a desirable trait of varieties in major crops including maize. In this study, we used an F3:4 recombinant inbred line population with 165 lines from a cross between a stay‐green inbred line (Zheng58) and a model inbred line (B73) using 211 polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers to map quantitative trait loci for three stay‐green‐associated parameters, chlorophyll content, photosystem II photochemical efficiency and stay‐green area, at maturity stage, detected a total of 23 quantitative trait loci (QTL) on nine chromosomes. Single QTL explained 3.7–13.5% of the phenotypic variance. Additionally, we validated some important stay‐green QTL using a heterogeneous inbred family approach and found that the stay‐green‐associated parameters were significantly correlated with the plant yield. This study may contribute to a better insight into the regulatory mechanism behind leaf stay‐green in maize and a novel development of elite maize varieties with delayed leaf senescence through molecular marker‐assisted selection. 相似文献
999.
Selection of soybean elite cultivars based on phenotypic and genomic characters related to lodging tolerance 下载免费PDF全文
Zhangxiong Liu Huihui Li Xuhong Fan Wen Huang Jiyu Yang Yuhong Zheng Zixiang Wen Yinghui Li Dechun Wang Shuming Wang Lijuan Qiu 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(4):526-538
Soybean lodging can result in serious yield reduction. Detecting the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with lodging tolerance for their further application in marker‐assisted selection (MAS) has the potential to enhance soybean breeding efficiency. In this study, a genome‐wide association analysis (GWAS) was performed to identify soybean accessions that could potentially be used to produce lodging‐tolerant varieties, based on the comprehensive evaluation of lodging scores (LS) obtained for the parental cultivar “Tokachi nagaha” and its 137 derived cultivars. Results showed that genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction significantly influenced LS. Of the 31 significant SNPs identified, 22 were consistently detected in two or more environments and 27 SNPs were located in or close to agronomically important QTL mapped by linkage analysis. Best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) of LS tend to decrease with the elite alleles contained by accessions increasing. Some excellent accessions, with lower BLUPs and Di (stability coefficients) values and more elite alleles, were selected. This study contributed to understand the genetic mechanism of lodging, providing genetic and phenotypic information for MAS. 相似文献
1000.
分子量是聚合物的重要特性之一,木质素的分子量及其分布是研究苯丙烷类结构的反应、物理化学特性和评价其改性产物质量的内容之一。本研究以陆地棉TM-1成熟纤维为材料,分别利用酶解-温和酸解木质素法和二氧六环法提取棉纤维中木质素,结合凝胶渗透色谱法(gel permeation chromatography,GPC)调查和评价2种方法获得的棉纤维中木质素的相对分子量。结果表明,经二氧六环处理提取的棉花纤维中的木质素(dioxane lignin,DL)的重均分子量为2924g mol~(–1)、数均分子量2403 g mol~(–1),略高于由酶解-温和酸解处理提取的木质素(enzymatic hydrolysis-mild acidolysis lignin,EMAL)的重均分子量(2169 g mol~(–1))和数均分子量(1970 g mol~(–1)),EMAL的多分散系数稍低,说明木质素的均一性比DL高。表明EMAL法提取的木质素更适用于分析棉纤维中木质素的相对分子量。利用EMAL法分析棉纤维中木质素相对分子量表明,不同棉花品种的木质素重均分子量分布范围为938~2169 g mol~(–1),数均分子量分布范围为857~1970 g mol~(–1),多分散性系数在1.09~1.74间,均小于2。重均分子量与纤维马克隆值呈显著负相关,数均分子量与纤维长度呈显著负相关,与纤维马克隆值呈极显著负相关。 相似文献