安阳县大气降尘时空分布规律研究

以安阳县环保局大气监测数据为基础,对比分析了安阳县海皇水泥厂、北关居委会、许家沟乡政府、许家沟后西岗、水冶镇政府和铜冶镇政府6个监测点大气降尘量的月变化、季节变化和年际变化.结果表明,在安阳县的6个监测点中,2013年各月份的大气降尘量均呈现出一定的变化规律.就各监测点大气降尘量的季节变化而言,春季,许家沟乡政府监测点的大气降尘量最高为39.4t/(km2· 30d);夏季、秋季和冬季,北关居委会监测点的大气降尘量最高;春、夏、秋、冬4个季节中,铜冶镇政府监测点的大气降尘量均最低,最小值分别为11.0、10.0、12.3和5.1t/(km2·30d).与2012年各监测点的大气降尘量相比,绝大多数监测点2013年的大气降尘量均有不同程度的增加.     

农田生物质能集约利用空间优化决策

发展农田生物质能源集约利用,是解决中国能源问题和环境问题的重要途径。由于农田生物质能空间分布的分散性、不连续性,所以对生物能源数量、空间分布特征以及其集约利用空间优化问题进行研究是生物质能源从研发走向实际应用的关键。该文以广东省为例,利用NPP（净初级生产力）模型获得可用农田生物质能生物量和空间分布状况,在此基础上,采用不同尺度的泰森多边形作为生物能源的初级筹集范围,应用遗传算法对生物质能集约利用的空间优化配置问题进行快速求解。结果表明,遗传算法和GIS模型结合对解决面域供应和点域需求问题具有明显的优越性,可为生物质能集约利用提供有效的空间优化方法;尺度效应对模型模拟结果有很大影响,当以10 km为邻近阈值建立泰森多边形作为初级筹集区域时,适宜度达到最大。该研究可为生物质能集约利用空间优化决策提供依据。     

棉区有机肥替代化肥对棉花产量及其构成因子的影响

【目的】研究棉花合理的化肥减施量和有机肥替代量,筛选化肥减施与有机肥替代最佳模式,为新疆南部棉区棉花化肥减施增效技术提供理论依据。【方法】采用田间试验,以不施肥和无机复混肥为对照,分析化肥有机替代比例(20%、40%、100%)对棉花产量构成的影响。【结果】施肥可改善棉花产量构成,提高棉花产量。与无机肥处理(CF)比较,化肥减量20%下施用400 kg有机肥、化肥减量40%下施用800方有机肥处理,通过提高棉花单铃重和衣分,改善棉花产量构成,显著提高棉花产量。处理3、处理4处理棉花产量分别为423.50和403.76 kg/667m ²,比空白处理(CK)增产27.70%、21.75%,比CF处理增产5.81%、0.88%。【结论】新疆南部棉区棉花种植以化肥减量20%、化肥减量40%,即每667 m²基施有机肥400 kg,无机复混肥65.39 kg,追施尿素22.35 kg(每667 m²基肥施用有机肥800 kg,无机复混肥49.04 kg,追肥尿素16.76 kg)较为适宜。处理3、处理4模式(20%、40%的化肥减量)可以推广应用。     

对于盐碱地园林绿化栽培技术的探究

探讨盐碱地园林绿化栽培技术的原理,结合分析,提出盐碱地园林绿化栽培的相关技术,通过对盐碱地园林绿化栽培技术的研究,旨在为盐碱地的改造,城市绿化工作的发展提供新的思路。     

A peptide of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia1 generating a neutralizing antibody response, and an immunostimulatory peptide

The epitopes of the capsid of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) play important roles in the construction of highly immunogenic subunit vaccines. However few epitopes have been found for FMDV serotype Asia1. In this study we screened for epitopes of the VP1 and VP2 proteins of FMDV serotype Asia1 isolate, YNBS/58. Fragments consisting of amino acids 133-163 of VP1 and amino acids 1-33 of VP2 contained epitopes, and both induced lymphoproliferation in guinea pigs. Only the VP1 fragment induced neutralizing antibodies but the VP2 peptide dramatically increased the neutralizing antibody response induced by the VP1 peptide.     

低温浸渍对“玫瑰香”低醇桃红葡萄酒品质的影响

以天津汉沽产区的"玫瑰香"葡萄为试材,分别选取了2、6、10℃为酒精发酵前浸渍温度,并以24、48、72h为低温浸渍时间,研究了低温浸渍前处理方式对低醇桃红葡萄酒质量的影响,并通过固相微萃取结合气质联用法对其香气物质进行了定量分析。结果表明:6℃下低温浸渍处理葡萄汁48h后再发酵获得的低醇葡萄酒理化指标和感官指标均优于其它浸渍温度和时间。在此条件下酿的低醇葡萄酒香气物质含量明显高于对照组,其颜色浅桃红、果香浓郁、清新爽口、口感均衡、余味较长,具有"玫瑰香"葡萄的典型性。其中对22种香气成分进行了定量分析,发现低温浸渍增加了总的香气成分含量,赋予了低醇葡萄酒更多的新鲜水果香和花香,一定程度上弥补了由于低醇发酵造成的香气不足。说明短期低温浸渍可以改善"玫瑰香"低醇桃红葡萄酒的品质。     

Role of caveolin-1 in differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neurons

AIM: To investigate the role of caveolin-1 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation into neurons. METHODS: The MSCs used in the experiment were divided into non-transfected group, transfected group (transfected with Rn-caveolin-1 siRNA), positive control group (transfected with Rn-MAPK-1 control siRNA) and negative control group (transfected with negative control siRNA). The MSCs were induced by β-ME to differentiate into neurons. The fluorescence expressed by transfected MSCs was observed under inverted fluorescence microscope. The mRNA expression of caveolin-1 and MAPK-1 was detected by RT-PCR. NSE, NF-M and GFAP, the neural cell specific markers, were detected by immunocytochemistry staining. The survival ratio of MSCs was detected by MTT method. RESULTS: The fluorescence of MSCs was mostly displayed at 72th h after transfection and the efficiency of transfection was up to 81.5%±2.8%. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of caveolin-1 in transfected MSCs was decreased (P<0.05). No significant difference of the survival MSCs ratio between transfected group and other groups was observed by MTT method. β-ME induced MSCs into neural cells. The differentiation efficiency of MSCs transfected with Rn-caveolin-1 siRNA was the highest and the expression of NSE and NF-M was increased significantly compared to the other groups (P<0.01). The expression of caveolin-1 was increased persistently with time and the highest expression was observed 6 d after induction. Furthermore, there was significant difference between before induction and 6 d after induction. CONCLUSION: Lipid raft labeled with careolin as marker protein has important role in regulating MSCs differentiation into neurons.     

添加丙酸和乳酸菌对杂交狼尾草青贮发酵品质的影响

研究丙酸、乳酸菌和两者组合不同添加水平对杂交狼尾草（Pennisetum americanum×P.purpereum）青贮发酵品质的影响。试验设对照(无添加)、乳酸菌(LAB)、0.2%丙酸、0.3%丙酸、0.4%丙酸、0.5%丙酸、0.2%丙酸+乳酸菌、0.3%丙酸+乳酸菌、0.4%丙酸+乳酸菌、0.5%丙酸+乳酸菌（占鲜质量比例）处理,青贮45 d后开袋分析。结果表明,添加丙酸可以有效改善杂交狼尾草的青贮品质,最佳添加量为0.3%;添加乳酸菌有助于提高杂交狼尾草的有氧稳定性。     

铁皮石斛指纹图谱及生物活性成分研究进展

铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinal Kimura et Migo)兼具药用价值,不仅含有人体必需氨基酸,还含有多糖、黄酮类、生物碱等活性成分,具有降血压、降血糖、抗肿瘤等功效。但石斛属植物来源众多、成分差异较大,给铁皮石斛的鉴别带来困难,利用指纹图谱技术标记特征物质可以对其鉴别及品质评价提供一定的理论依据。另外,国内外学者已从铁皮石斛中分离鉴定出多糖、黄酮类、生物碱等多种生物活性成分,证实了这些成分的药效并推断其生理作用机制。从多角度总结了近几年铁皮石斛指纹图谱、生物活性成分及作用机制的研究进展情况,以期为铁皮石斛的鉴定及药物开发研究提供一定的科学依据。     

绵羊乳酪蛋白血管紧张素转换酶抑制肽的制备与鉴定

以绵羊乳酪蛋白为原料,采用中性蛋白酶水解制备生物活性肽,研究酶解时间对酶解产物水解度和血管紧张素转换酶(angiotensin converting enzyme,ACE)抑制率的影响,利用液相色谱-质谱联用技术对水解产物进行分析和鉴定,筛选具有潜在ACE抑制作用的生物活性肽.结果表明:酶解时间达到300 min时,水...