Evaluation of a new immunocapture test for the diagnosis of ovine brucellosis caused by Brucella melitensis

A new immunocapture technique has been applied to the diagnosis of ovine brucellosis under experimental conditions. The tests were made on a serum bank derived from both young and adult ewes vaccinated conjunctivally with the Rev 1 strain at a dose of 10(8) to 10(9) colony-forming units. Adult ewes were infected experimentally two-and-a-half years after they had been vaccinated and the results were compared with an unvaccinated control group. The condition of each animal in terms of infection with Brucella melitensis was determined by clinical and bacteriological investigations. The development of the immune response was compared by the rose bengal test, the complement fixation test, the Coombs' test and the immunocapture technique for 180 days after the vaccination and for 410 days after the experimental infection, that is, the two following gestations. The results suggest that the new technique is more specific in animals vaccinated conjunctivally, regardless of their age when they were vaccinated. After the experimental infection, significantly (P < 0.05) fewer of the vaccinated sheep which were free of clinical signs and were not excreting B melitensis reacted positively to the test.     

以CP23重组蛋白为抗原建立检测微小隐孢子虫抗体间接ELISA方法的研究

摘要：以在E.coli高效表达的微小隐孢子虫子孢子表面抗原CP23为抗原，以辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记的山羊抗鼠IgG为二抗，建立了检测微小隐孢子虫抗体的间接ELISA方法。经检测筛选出最佳反应条件为1μg／孔纯化的E.coli表达的CP23抗原包被酶标板，用10％免血清进行封闭，以正常E.coli裂解上清液稀释待检血清。实验表明应用CP23重组蛋白作为诊断C.parvum抗原具有特异性高、抗原易纯化和成本低等特点。     

Frequent use of colistin-based drug treatment to eliminate extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis> in backyard chicken farms in Thai Binh Province,Vietnam

Reports of livestock infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E) are increasing. Based on interviews conducted over a 6-month period, we found that veterinarians in the Vietnamese province of Thai Binh prefer to prescribe colistin-based drugs (CBD) in chicken farms. We aimed to clarify whether CBD use selects for strains of colistin-resistant ESBL-E. With the cooperation of seven local households, we detected ESBL-E in chickens’ feces after treating chickens with CBD. Phylogenetic groupings and the presence of CTX-M/AmpC genes were determined, and the multi-antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was analyzed. Our results showed that ESBL-E presented in seven chickens’ feces from two households. Seventy-two percent of ESBL-E isolates harbored CTX-M9 and the phylogenetic group A; the colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of all isolated ESBL-E ranged from 0.064 to 1 μg mL^?1. Moreover, ESBL-E isolates were used to experimentally select for colistin resistance, and the effect of commercial CBD on ESBL-E was investigated. The results showed that an ESBL-E strain with a colistin MIC of 4 μg mL^?1 was able to grow in media with CBD. Although CBD treatment was effective, in vitro experiments demonstrated that ESBL-E can easily acquire colistin resistance. Therefore, restrictions on colistin use are necessary to prevent the emergence of colistin-resistant bacteria.     

自拟复方中药对小白鼠免疫功能的影响研究

笔者自拟复方中药（党参120 g、熟地80 g、玄参80 g、菟丝子60 g、刀豆50 g、川芎50 g、连翘30 g、丹参30 g、炙甘草50 g、人参50 g）,以小白鼠为试验动物,研究其对机体免疫力的影响。试验结果表明：试验各组与对照组比较,免疫器官指数、巨噬细胞吞噬指数、血清中抗体水平、E玫瑰花环形成率4项指标均有显著差异（P<0.05）。     

不同淀粉来源对生长猪回肠食糜中微生物氮和氨基酸含量的影响

本试验旨在研究淀粉消化性能的差异对生长猪回肠食糜中微生物氮和氨基酸含量的影响.试验采用4×4拉丁方设计,选择4头回肠末端安装有简单T瘘管的杜×长×大三元杂交公猪进行消化代谢试验.结果显示,淀粉来源不同其回肠末端消化率存在差异,在生长猪的回肠末端抗性淀粉有83.07%被消化;糯米淀粉被100%消化,玉米和糙米淀粉介于二者之同,分别有97.63%和96.41%被消化;回肠食糜中氮的流量以采食抗性淀粉日粮组最高(为每千克干物质采食量7.44 g),而食糜氮中微生物氮所占比例以采食糯米组最高(为72.8%);各组回肠食糜氨基酸流量中微生物氨基酸所占比率变化范围为25.43%(玉米组)～45.09%(抗性淀粉组),其中抗性淀粉组Asp、Glu、Ser和Lys的比率明显高于玉米组(P<0.05),但Tyr却低于玉米组(P<0.05);糙米组Arg显著高于抗性淀粉组,而Ala和Leu却比抗性淀粉组低(P<0.05);糯米组Ala和Leu也明显较抗性淀粉组低.     

荒漠草原牧户草场植被群落特征趋同性研究

为揭示荒漠草原牧户草场生态植被群落特征趋同性,通过不同经济水平牧户草场的植物群落特征比较分析,结果显示:不同经济水平牧户草场中小针茅、无芒隐子草高度在高、中、低不同经济水平处理区并无显著区别,多根葱高度在高、低经济水平处理区亦无显著差异;主要植物种盖度在不同经济水平区无显著差异;小针茅密度在低经济水平区显著大于中经济水平区,无芒隐子草、多根葱密度在各处理区之间亦无显著差异;群落多样性指数中Shannon-wiener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数都是高经济水平牧户草场>冬草场>低经济水平牧户草场>中经济水平牧户草场,Margarlef指数则是低经济水平牧户草场>高经济水平牧户草场>中经济水平牧户草场>冬草场,建群种小针茅仍占有显著的优势地位;不同经济水平牧户草场之间小针茅的重要值不同,这与实际载畜率造成的放牧压力以及牲畜践踏程度有关。综上可知,荒漠草原不同经济水平牧户草场的植被群落特征呈现趋同性。     

基于套算法和消化率计算法估测肉鸭饲料原料代谢能的比较研究

本试验旨在研究2种计算方式对肉鸭饲料原料代谢能（ME）的影响,为采用生物学法测定肉鸭饲料原料ME时选择合适的计算方式提供参考。本研究分为2个试验。试验一：采用绝食法分5个批次测定肉鸭内源能损失的变异,同时通过排空强饲法测定10个肉鸭饲料原料配制的试验饲粮的ME,并通过2种公式计算各待测饲料原料的ME,公式1（套算法）根据基础饲粮、试验饲粮的ME及试验饲粮中基础饲粮的比例计算待测饲料原料的ME;公式2（消化率计算法）通过待测饲料原料的能量消化率乘以待测饲料原料的总能得出ME。试验二：以试验一中的10个肉鸭饲料原料配制10种验证饲粮,采用排空强饲法测定其ME,同时根据饲粮中各原料的比例及试验一中2种计算方式得出的原料ME计算饲粮的ME,比较饲粮ME计算值与实测值的差异。结果显示：1）在内源粪排泄量及内源能损失的差异上,1～3批次显著地低于4～5批次（P<0.05）,内源粪排泄量与内源能损失变异系数分别在8.21%～12.20%和9.37%～15.35%变化;2）在2种计算方式间,玉米及棉籽粕的表观代谢能（AME）和真代谢能（TME）均有显著差异（P<0.05）;3）根据公式1和...     

标记辅助导入中不同背景选择方法的比较

模拟比较了随机选择、标记值选择及BLUP选择3种背景选择方法在标记辅助导入(利用标记辅助将供体群中的一个有利QTL等位基因导入到受体群中)的选择效果。前景选择是借助与目标基因连锁的两侧标记对目标基因进行间接选择。研究结果表明,在背景选择中,利用标记值选择能使受体基因组很快得到恢复,2个世代的回交就能恢复90%以上,4个世代的回交就能完全恢复。利用BLUP选择虽然不能使受体基因组迅速全部恢复,但能使特定的背景性状得到最大的遗传进展。