方竹属刺黑竹新品种‘都江堰方竹’

‘都江堰方竹’是由刺黑竹（Chimonobambusa neopurpureaYi）资源经人工引种、筛选、培育成的早笋型栽培新品种。秆较高,挺拔优美,具紫褐色纵条纹,地下茎复轴型,枝叶相对浓密。发笋较早,笋期较长,达120 d,有二次发笋现象。笋形尖削,近锥形。笋肉细腻,质地脆嫩,营养丰富。     

柑橘新品种——粤引红脐橙的选育

粤引红脐橙品种树形呈自然圆头形,树势中等,成枝力强,枝梢较开张。成花能力强,与枳、枳橙、温州蜜柑和甜橙嫁接表现亲和。果个中等,单果质量180g左右,近球形;闭脐或露脐;果皮橙色,果肉紫红色。可溶性固形物含量15.0%,可滴定酸含量0.876%,维生素C594.0mg/L,总糖116g/L,固酸比17.12:1,肉质脆嫩化渣,风味清甜,有独特芳香味,无核,品质优。成熟期为翌年1月份,耐贮,留树挂果可贮至2月份,常温下常规贮藏,能保存至3月底,品质风味优良。     

我国豌豆生产和育种的现状与问题

豌豆是经济和粮菜饲兼用作物,在我国农业可持续发展中发挥着重要作用.对我国豌豆生产概况、育种历程、育种目标、分子育种等方面进行概述,分析当前我国豌豆生产和育种中存在的问题并提出相应对策,以期为我国豌豆生产和育种提供有益参考.     

有机肥替代化肥技术研究进展

农事管理上滥施化肥给作物生产和环境带来较多负面影响.随着我国实施化肥用量零增长行动以来,有机肥替代化肥技术已成为研究热点,在农作物上得到广泛应用.该研究对国内外有机肥替代化肥技术在农作物上的应用情况进行综述,系统分析该技术的应用现状,针对土壤肥力与环境、作物营养与生理、作物产量与品质的影响以及经济效益等总结了有机肥替代化肥技术模式和存在的问题,并提出可行性建议,以期为该技术的持续推广和普及提供参考.     

有限群体中杂交后代质量性状表型分布的预测

利用二项分布对有限群体中仅产生两种理论基因型(或表现型)的特定杂交组合后代可能出现情况的概率预测问题加以推广,应用多项分布,解决了有限群体中已知基因型的杂交组合同时考虑多个性状而有多种理论基因型(或表现型)后代的各种可能出现情况的概率预测问题.     

Preparation and Evaluation of Mixed Probiotics for Chicken Against Escherichia coli Infection

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of probiotics on chickens' resistance to Escherichia coli infections,and to provide a basis for the development of microecological agents.Based on the Oxford Cup test and the bacterial adhesion inhibition test,three kinds of probiotics and their equal proportion mixed bacterial liquid with good effect of inhibiting Escherichia coli in vitro were obtained initially:Lactobacillus plantarum ZN-3,Lactobacillus rhamnosus QC,Clostridium butyricum HYCB and mixed bacteria preparation X.The 7-day-old SPF chicks were continuously orally fed with probiotics for 30 days and infected with Escherichia coli XT-13 once a day from the 26th to 30th day,and the survival rate and weight change were recorded.Through the same oral and infection protocols,the chicks were necropsied after infection with XT-13,and the results of necropsy and pathology were analyzed,and the amount of bacteria in the liver and intestines was detected by immunohistochemistry.In addition,in order to analyze the effect of oral administration of mixed probiotic preparations on cytokines in chickens infected with Escherichia coli,non-lethal doses of XT-13 were selected to infect chickens,and the levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10),interleukin-17 (IL-17) in serum and avian defensin-β1 (AvBD1) in the liver were measured on the 4th,8th and 14th days after infection.At the same time,the bactericidal ability of the serum was tested on the 14th day after infection.Finally,the broad-spectrum protection ability of probiotics to O78 serotype Escherichia coli AV006 infected chickens was evaluated.The results showed that the antibacterial effect of the supernatant of each probiotic fermentation broth was obvious,and the mixing of probiotics could reduce the adhesion rate of XT-13 to DF-1 cells (P<0.05).The weight gain effect of mixed probiotics was better than that of single probiotics,which had a good protective effect on chickens infected with XT-13.The survival rate was 87.50%.The mixed probiotics significantly reduced the load of XT-13 in liver and large intestine,alleviated the pathological damage,and regulated the levels of IL-10 and IL-17 in serum and the levels of AvBD1 in the liver,while improving the bactericidal ability of the serum.In addition,the broad-spectrum protection test showed that the mixed probiotics reduced the mortality of chickens infected with O78 serotype Escherichia coli.Therefore,the mixed preparation of Lactobacillus plantarum ZN-3,Lactobacillus rhamnosus QC and Clostridium butyricum HYCB could promote chick weight gain,reduce bacterial load,reduce tissue lesions,regulate the host's immune response,and had a good prevention effect on avian colibacillosis,which had a great potential to develop into a probiotic preparation against avian colibacillosis.     

金黄地鼠Dpl基因克隆及其组织特异性表达的研究

本文成功克隆了金黄地鼠Dpl(PrP-like protein doppel,Doppel)基因,并采用实时荧光定量PCR法对其组织特异性表达进行了研究.根据已发表家鼠Dpl基因序列设计引物,采用PCR直接扩增金黄地鼠(Ham.ster)的Dpl基因CDs区,序列测定和分析表明金黄地鼠的Dpl基因CDs区全长537 bp,编码178个氨基酸的前体蛋白,不存在基因多态性.经基因序列对比分析,金黄地鼠与其他10种属哺乳动物Dpl基因有较高同源性,均为70.8%以上,且与鼠科Dpl序列的同源性最高(86%).实时定量PCR结果表明,在所检测组织中,Dpl m.RNA在睾丸表达量最高,其次为脾脏、心脏、骨髓和脑,其在肝脏、肺脏、肾脏和肌肉中的表达低于检测水平;成年动物与未成年动物相比,在睾丸组织的表达量,成年鼠显著高于未成年鼠;在成年鼠脑组织检测不到Dpl m.RNA 的表达.本研究对金黄地鼠Dpl基因序列进行分析测定,并对其在不同组织的生理表达进行了定量,以期为其功能的进一步研究提供基础数据.     

木塑复合材料加工技术及经济效益分析

木塑复合材料的研制和广泛应用，有助于减缓塑料废弃物和农业废弃物焚烧给环境带来的污染。为此，概述了木塑复合材料目前国内外研究现状，并对其加工工艺进行了描述，然后根据一个小型公司，进行了经济效益分析，得出结论：该项目投资小，见效快，投资回收期短，抗风险能力强，是一项切实可行的好项目。     

基于脉冲多重化的数字SPWM技术

为有效降低SPWM逆变波形的谐波含量,提出了一种新颖的脉冲多重化数字SPWM逆变控制技术.与SPWM电平多重化技术不同,脉冲多重化是在每个逆变PWM周期,将SPWM脉冲在时间轴上进行的时间多重化.算法直接以数字正弦序列为基础,省去了以往SPWM脉宽计算的大量复杂过程,有效降低了系统的脉宽计算量.对脉冲多重化SPWM逆变波形频谱进行了理论计算与分析,证明了该技术可以在不增加系统现有开关频率的基础上,进一步降低SPWM逆变波形的谐波含量.最后,给出了该算法的工程实现方法,通过构建实验平台,对该算法进行了实验验证.实验结果证明了该技术的有效性,文中理论分析结果与实际情况完全一致.