无子沙糖橘(十月橘)的选育

采用芽变选种的方法,在四会市石狗镇选出了无子柑橘新品种—无子沙糖橘(十月橘)。果略小,单果重平均40g左右,单果平均种子数0.5粒以内,达到柑橘无子的标准。果实扁平,皮橘红色,薄而脆;果肉橙黄色,味清甜,可溶性固形物13%以上,肉质爽脆化渣,品质上等。早结丰产性好,发梢能力强,3月上中旬开花,12月上旬果实开始成熟。     

多菌灵对茶树菇菌丝生长的影响及其在子实体中的残留

研究了多菌灵对茶树菇和食用菌生产中3大主要污染霉菌菌丝生长的影响.在PDA培养基上多菌灵对茶树菇菌丝和孢菌、木霉及曲霉菌丝的EC50分别为22.3μg·mL-1、0.06μg·mL-1、0.29μg·mL-1和0.64μg·mL-1,MIC分别为60μg·mL-1、0.9μg·mL-1、1.6μg·mL-1和2.0μg·mL-1;在出菇袋料培养基中,按1500、11000和12000添加多菌灵对茶树菇菌丝生长影响不明显.同时采用液相色谱法分析了多菌灵在茶树菇子实体中的残留,3种处理的残留量分别为0.09ppm、0.04ppm和0.01ppm.     

Relationship between Th1/Th2 balance and CD28/CTLA-4 expression on peripheral blood T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

AIM: To investigate the pattern of Th1/Th2 balance in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients and the relationship between CD28/CTLA-4(cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4) molecule expression and Th1/Th2 balance.METHODS: Eighteen SLE patients met the ARA 1997 updated SLE criteria were selected in the study. According to Bombardier's SLEDAI criteria, all patients were classified into two groups: active group(12 cases) and static group(6 cases). Fourteen normal individuals, matched for age and sex of the patients, served as controls. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and cultured in RPMI-1640 culture medium. After treated with PMA(5 μg/L) and ionomycin(500 μg/L) for 72 h, the PBMCs were collected, the contents of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the supernatant of cultured PBMCs were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The expression of CD28 and CTLA-4 molecules on T cells were detected by flow cytometric technique with double staining by FITC or PE labeled monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The level of IL-10 was higher in the PBMCs of active and static SLE patients(351.29 ng/L±153.31 ng/L and 319.37 ng/L±153.39 ng/L) than that in controls(254.48 ng/L±120.69 ng/L), but the difference did not reach statistical significance(P>0.05). The level of IFN-γ was significantly lower in the PBMCs of active SLE patients(25.76 ng/L±16.09 ng/L) than that in controls(50.71 ng/L±27.92 ng/L, P＜0.05). The ratio of IL-10/IFN-γ was significantly higher in active SLE patients(18.74±13.77) than that in controls(6.66±4.95, P<0.05). Either before or after culture, the expression of CD28 molecule on CD3⁺and CD8⁺ T cells from all SLE patients was not remarkably different from that in the cells of controls. Before culture, the expression of CTLA-4 molecule on CD3⁺T cells of active SLE patients(0.79%+0.37%) was significantly lower than that in the cells of controls(1.31%+0.61%, P<0.05). After culture, the expression of CTLA-4 molecule on CD3⁺ T cells of SLE patients was still lower than that in the cells of normal controls without statistical significance(P＞0.05).The expression level of CD28 molecule on CD3⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells in active SLE patients and controls was not correlated with the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the supernatants(P＞0.05). The level of CTLA-4 molecule expression on CD3⁺ T cells of active SLE patients was positively correlated with IFN-γ level(r=0.681, P<0.05), while was negatively correlated with IL-10 levels(r=-0.624,P＜0.05) and the ratio of IL-10/IFN-γ(r=-0.738, P<0.01). The level of CTLA-4 molecule expression on CD3⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells of controls showed no correlation with IFN-γ levels, while showed negative correlations with IL-10 level(r=-0.587, P<0.05; r=-0.563, P<0.05, respectively).CONCLUSION: There is a bias in the differentiation of Th0 cells towards Th2 in SLE patients. CTLA-4 probably plays an important role in this mechanism through suppressing the signal transmitted by CD28.     

茶树新品种‘槎湾 3 号’

 ‘槎湾3 号’是从洞庭碧螺春茶树群体种中选育成的早生,优质,高产,抗逆性较强的碧螺春茶专用茶树新品种。属灌木型,小叶类,树姿半开展,节间短,茸毛较多。制绿茶品质优,尤其适制碧螺春,适宜苏南碧螺春茶主产区种植。     

无核椪柑新品种——丽椪2号的选育

丽椪2号无核椪柑是有核或部分果实无核椪柑的芽变单株?闷分治藓寺蚀?98%,并且果形端正、扁平、平均单果质量140g左右,可溶性固形物含量11%,总糖9.0%,含酸量0.9%,可食率68%,风味浓,丰产性和商品性好、抗逆性强,果实耐贮藏。适宜种植范围为浙江及全国类似地区的有核椪柑适栽区。     

不同处理对樱桃番茄贮藏特性的影响

用蔗糖基聚合物和施保克(咪鲜胺)对樱桃番茄进行采后处理.结果显示,施保克和蔗糖基聚合物处理能降低樱桃番茄的呼吸强度,抑制VC含量下降和过氧化物酶升高.另外,蔗糖基聚合物处理的果实SS,SPS的活性明显高于对照.高活性的SS和SPS有利于果实内糖分的积累.     

Increased expression of CD40 ligand by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

AIM:To investigate expression and function of CD40 ligand by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).METHODS:Expression of CD40 ligand by PBMCs in patients with SLE and control were examined by flow cytometric analysis before and after stimulated by phytohemagglutinin(PHA)and depressed by Dexamethasone(Dex). The correlation between expression of CD40 ligand and SLE activity index(SLEDAI) was analysed in patients with SLE.RESULTS:The expression of CD40 ligand by PBMCs in patients with active SLE was higher than that in patients with inactive SLE and control. Though the expression of CD40 ligang by PBMCs could be stimulated by PHA in three groups, it was the highest in patients with active SLE. Dex depressed the expression of CD40 ligand by PBMCs significantly in patients with SLE, but not in control. There was high positive correlation between expression of CD40 ligand and SLEDAI in patients with active and inactive SLE.CONCLUSION:Increased expression of CD40L by PBMCs in patients with SLE may play an important role in pathogenesis of SLE.     

‘砀山酥梨’褐皮芽变木质素含量及相关酶活性与CCoAOMT 表达量分析

 为了探讨‘砀山酥梨’芽变品系‘锈酥’果皮褐色形成机理,采用分光光度法测定盛花后25、50、75、100、125、150和175 d果皮中木质素含量和相关酶活性变化;从构建的‘锈酥’正向SSH-cDNA文库中筛选出与木质素生物合成密切相关的CCoAOMT-EST,通过实时荧光定量PCR测定了‘砀山酥梨’和‘锈酥’果皮中CCoAOMT的相对表达量。结果表明：‘锈酥’果皮发育前期木质素增量较大,且木质素增量累计比‘砀山酥梨’高12.2%;‘砀山酥梨’和‘锈酥’果皮中PAL、4CL、CAD酶活性均在花后75 d达到最大值,而POD酶活性则在花后125 d出现高峰;二者果皮中4种酶活性变化趋势基本一致,但‘锈酥’果皮中均相对较高;‘锈酥’果皮中的PAL和4CL酶活性与木质素增量变化均呈显著正相关,而‘砀山酥梨’则未呈现出此规律;在果实生长发育各个时期,‘锈酥’果皮中CCoAOMT相对表达量均高于‘砀山酥梨’。因此推测,‘锈酥’果皮褐色形成与果皮中木质素积累及相关酶活性提高有关,果皮中CCoAOMT的增量表达是‘锈酥’果实褐皮形成的重要原因之一。     

近40年来托木尔峰南部地区气候及水文环境变化特征

西天山托木尔峰南部地区1987年以来出现了气候由暖干向暖湿转变趋势,在温度大幅上升的基础上,降水量和冰川融水量持续增加,相应的水文与生态环境也发生了显著的改善。本文在综合分析区域内水文、气象观测资料的基础上,对托木尔峰南部地区近40年来气温、降水以及径流量变化的基本趋势、不同海拔高度气温、降水变化差异,以及同一流域山区和平原区径流量变化的差异进行了深入分析。研究表明,受水汽输送途径和研究区地形地貌的影响,区域降水主要集中在托木尔峰南部山区;气候转型的原因是和北大西洋向东输送的水汽增加、西风气流加强有关;海拔2000m左右区域1987年以来气候向暖湿转化最为明显;近40年来由于气温升高,导致冰川消融补给河流量增加15%,但由于人类活动和粗放农业的发展,区域耗水量不断增加,导致塔里木河径流量不断减少,中下游生态环境急剧恶化。     

多黏类芽胞杆菌Paenibacillus polymyxa菌株P1防治黄瓜霜霉病的研究

通过离体叶片筛选法,得到1株对黄瓜霜霉病原菌有较强抑制作用的多黏类芽胞杆菌Paenibacillus polymyxa菌株P1。通过液体发酵和剂型处理,将P1制成含量2×10⁹ cfu/mL的悬浮剂分别进行室内和大田药效测试。室内药效试验结果表明,P1-SC悬浮剂对黄瓜霜霉病的防治效果与用药浓度呈正相关。当使用浓度为1.25×10⁷ cfu/mL时,P1悬浮剂对霜霉病的防治效果与化学农药250 g/L嘧菌酯SC的相似;当使用浓度为5.0×10⁷ cfu/mL时,防治效果显著大于嘧菌酯(P≤0.05)。2017年和2018年连续两年大田药效测试结果显示,经P1-SC处理(3000 mL/hm²)的黄瓜植株霜霉病病情指数(2.53,2.48)显著低于经250 g/L嘧菌酯SC(600 mL/hm²)处理的植株(4.33、6.22),防治效果(86.16%,89.90%)显著高于后者(76.34%、74.95%)(P≤0.05)。