不同配方叶面肥对设施冬枣光合和荧光特性的影响

[目的]研究不同配方叶面肥对设施栽培冬枣光合和荧光特性的影响,为筛选设施冬枣叶面肥配方提供参考.[方法]在拱棚栽培条件下,进行浓度分别为0.03 g/L、0.06 g/L和0.08 g/L的氨基酸叶面肥与浓度均为0.005 g/L尿素和磷酸二氢钾组配的冬枣叶面喷施试验,测定施肥后冬枣的光合和荧光参数,分析不同配方叶面肥...     

芝麻产量相关性状的多位点全基因组关联分析及候选基因预测

【目的】通过对芝麻产量相关性状的全基因组关联分析,挖掘与产量性状关联的SNP位点及预测候选基因,为通过分子标记辅助选择育种等方式提高芝麻产量提供技术基础。【方法】以363份不同遗传背景和地理来源的芝麻种质资源构成的自然群体为研究对象,调查2年2点4环境下8个产量相关性状（单株产量、单株蒴数、蒴粒数、千粒重、株高、主茎果轴长、始蒴高度和表观收获指数）的表型值,借助覆盖全基因组的42 781个SNP标记,利用多位点SNP随机效应混合线性模型（multi-locus random-SNP-effect mixed linear model,mrMLM）对8个产量相关性状进行全基因组关联分析,检测与产量相关性状显著关联的SNP位点,并预测候选基因。【结果】在4个不同环境下,8个产量相关性状表现出广泛的表型变异,变异系数为6.51%—33.57%;相关性分析表明单株产量与单株蒴数、株高、主茎果轴长、表观收获指数呈极显著正相关;方差分析表明产量相关性状的基因型效应、环境效应、基因型与环境互作效应均达到了极显著水平。通过多位点全基因组关联分析共检测到210个与产量相关性状显著关联的SNP,在2018年南阳环境下检测到47个SNP,解释表型变异的1.63%—17.29%;在2019年南阳环境下检测到35个SNP,解释表型变异的1.94%—11.90%;在2018年平舆环境下检测到35个SNP,解释表型变异的2.15%—15.90%;在2019年平舆环境下检测到53个SNP,解释表型变异的1.25%—11.13%;在4个环境的综合BLUP条件下检测到75个SNP,解释表型变异的1.44%—13.58%。上述210个SNP涉及到175个位点,其中10个位点在3个及以上环境中被重复检测到。在这10个位点基因组区域内,共鉴定到214个候选基因,其中156个候选基因具有功能注释,主要涉及植物代谢、生物调控、生长发育等生物学过程。根据功能注释筛选出4个可能与芝麻产量相关的候选基因,其中SIN_1006338编码1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸合酶3（1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like）,参与乙烯的生物合成;SIN_1024330编码碱性螺旋-环-螺旋（basic helix-loop-helix）转录因子,负向调控植物细胞和器官的伸长;SIN_1014512编码吲哚-3-乙酸-酰胺合成酶GH3.6（indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.6）,参与调控茎和下胚轴细胞的伸长生长;SIN_1011473编码泛素受体蛋白DA1（protein DA1-like）,参与调节植物细胞增殖周期。【结论】通过多位点SNP随机效应混合线性模型的全基因组关联分析,检测到175个与产量相关性状显著关联的位点,筛选出4个可能与产量相关的重要候选基因。     

Genetic Diversity of Dongxiang Wild Rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff. ) Detected by SSLP Markers

The genetic diversity of Dongxiang wild rice populations was evaluated by using 14 SSR primerpairs. Twelve of the primer pairs amplified polymorphic bands. A total of 70 polymorphic DNA bands weregenerated with average 5. 83 polymorphic bands per primer pair, indicating that the genetic diversity ofDongxiang wild rice was high. Cluster analysis showed that there were highly variant individuals within andamong populations, while others were highly similar to each other. The within-population genetic distanceswere 0.23 - 0.47, being smaller than 0.40 - 0.55 of among-population. Strict management must be taken forthe preservation of Dongxiang wild rice.     

日粮电解质平衡对开产笼养蛋鸭的影响

选用17周龄笼养金定蛋鸭108只,随机等分6组,研究玉米-豆粕日粮中不同电解质平衡值(DEB)对夏季笼养蛋鸭开产时间、生产性能、蛋品质及相关血液指标的影响。各组日粮电解质平衡值分别为50,150,200,250,300,350mmol·kg-1,试验期为6周。结果表明:①饲喂不同DEB值日粮的6组试鸭,其6周平均产蛋率分别为27.38%,31.48%,30.29%,36.24%,32.41%,28.97%;6周平均蛋重(g/枚)分别为47.89,48.23,48.52,52.56,50.25,52.00;②各组蛋鸭平均蛋重随DEB值的提高而提高(P<0.05),蛋壳厚度和蛋壳强度存在由低到高的趋势(P>0.05)。各处理组蛋鸭血液pH值、HCO3-浓度也随之有提高的趋势(P>0.05)。血清中[DEB=Na++K+-Cl-]随DEB值的提高而提高(P<0.05);③饲喂日粮DEB值为250mmol·kg-1与300mmol·kg-1的两试验组,至22周龄产蛋达到群体开产水平(产蛋率≈50%),达到适期开产。     

永春牛姆林青钱柳天然林群落区系成分分析

对福建永春县牛姆林自然保护区中青钱柳天然林群落植物区系成分的研究,结果表明:该群落中共有维管束植物39科58属66种,其中双子叶植物27科43属49种,是区系成分的重要组成部分 该群落种子植物属共有11个分布类型,其中,热带成分有36属,占78 26%,其中又以泛热带分布、热带亚洲分布为多;温带成分6属,占13 04%;中国特有成分仅青钱柳一属     

乌龙型灵芝发酵茶的Ames试验及其品质特征分析

对用乌龙茶制成的乌龙型灵芝发酵茶进行Ames试验,以进一步测定乌龙型灵芝发酵茶的食品安全性,并与乌龙茶生化成分、感官审评进行比较.结果表明,乌龙型灵芝发酵茶对TA97、TA98、TA100和TA1024株试验菌株无诱导致畸变作用.生化成分分析表明:乌龙型灵芝发酵茶的水浸出物、粗蛋白、咖啡碱、多糖、总氨基酸、必需氨基酸和支链氨基酸的含量比乌龙茶高13%、21%、16%、78%、110%、131%和157%;乌龙型灵芝发酵茶的茶多酚含量比乌龙茶低59%.感官评审表明,乌龙型灵芝发酵茶的品质特征明显优于乌龙茶.     

姬松茸~(60)Co辐射菌株J_3若干特性研究

 采用60 Co辐射诱变技术 ,获得姬松茸新菌株J3 。连续栽培其产量比原菌株高 70 %以上。经氨基酸、脂肪酸组分分析表明 ,J3 菌株子实体的营养价值优于原菌株 ;经扫描电镜观察发现J3 菌株菌丝体有明显竹节状结构 ,RAPD分析显示其PCR指纹图谱有异于原菌株。由此判断 ,J3 菌株是一个富有开发前景的突变株。     

水稻产量性状的QTL定位与上位性分析

 应用 16 8个DNA标记 ,对水稻中 15 6 (高产 )×谷梅 2号 (低产 )的重组自交系 (RIL)群体进行基因型检测 ,构建了全长为 14 4 7.9cM、覆盖水稻基因组 12条染色体的连锁图。于 2 0 0 1年分单季和连作晚季两季 ,在杭州中国水稻研究所试验场以完全随机区组设计 ,种植该群体的 30 4个株系及双亲 ,考查穗长、单株有效穗数、每穗颖花数、每穗实粒数、结实率及千粒重等 6个产量构成性状。采用QTLMapper1.0 1统计软件进行QTL定位、上位性分析及其与环境 (季别 )的互作效应分析 ,共检测到产量构成性状的 30个加性主效应QTL ,分别位于除第 5、9染色体以外的 10条染色体上 ,另有 2个QTL与环境之间存在显著互作 ;还检测到 31对影响产量构成性状的加性×加性上位性互作效应QTL。在所有的上位性互作效应中 ,多数加性×加性上位性互作效应的贡献率及效应均较小 ,没有检测到上位性互作效应与环境的显著互作     

Identification of Heat Tolerance Linked Molecular Markers of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris L.ssp. pekinensis)

Genetically stable population of recombination inbred line (RIL) was derived from a cross between a heat tolerant line 177 and a heat sensitive line 276 of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp.pekinensis ) by single seed descent. The RILs were analyzed using isozyme, RAPD and AFLP techniques in order to find molecular markers that are linked to heat tolerance quantitative trait loci (QTL). The results of variance analysis of single factor indicated that there were 9 molecular markers closely linked with heat tolerance QTL, including 5 AFLP markers, 3 RAPD markers and 1 PGM isozyme marker. Total genetic contribution of these makers to heat tolerance was 46.7%. Five of the nine markers distributed in one linkage group,the remaining 4 markers were located in separate groups. Thus the 9 heat tolerance linked markers distributed in 5 independent locations in the genome of Chinese cabbage.     

Influence of Dietary Isoflavonoids on Stability of Egg Yolk Lipids

An experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary tea polyphenol (TP) and daidzein (DA) on lipid stability of egg yolk. Two-hundred and seventy 27-week-old Hisex Brown laying hens were divided into nine groups, fed a diet supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg kg-1 TP and 5, 10, 20, 40 mg kg- 1 DA respectively for a period of 8 weeks ad libitum. The dietary addition of TP and DA both could reduce egg yolk LPO content significantly at the end of 4-week experiment (P ＜ 0.05) and keep egg yolk lipid stable at the supplemental dose of 10 mg kg- 1 diet respectively. A significant liner reduction in egg yolk LPO content was found with the increasing of dietary TP and DA. The egg yolk LPO content was decreased by 23.1 and 27.0% (P＜ 0.05) with the supplementation of TP and DA respectively at 40 mg kg-1 diet. The LPO contents in liver, plasma and egg yolk were decreased significantly with the dietary addition of TP or DA respectively ( P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference between the effects of TP and DA on improvement of layers‘ antioxidative capacity. The dietary TP and DA both could improve the bird‘s antioxidative level directly irrelevant to SOD and GSH-Px actiVities.