屠宰体重对枣庄黑盖猪胴体及肉质的影响

试验选择屠宰体重100 kg、110 kg和120 kg左右的枣庄黑盖猪31头,依据体重分成3组,按照有关标准进行屠宰及胴体和肉质性状测定,分析了屠宰体重对枣庄黑盖猪胴体和肉质性状的影响。结果表明,屠宰体重对枣庄黑盖猪的部分胴体和肉质性状有显著影响。随着屠宰体重增加,胴体直长、胴体斜长、眼肌面积和肌内脂肪显著增加(P0.05),游离水分显著降低(P0.05)。背膘厚、板油与肾脏重、皮肥肉率、大理石纹评分、肌纤维直径和剪切力表现出随屠宰体重增加而逐渐增加的趋势,瘦肉率、滴水损失和失水率表现出随屠宰体重增加而逐渐降低的趋势,其他指标变化趋势均不明显。文章为枣庄黑盖猪胴体和肉质性能提供基础数据,同时也为确定其适宜的上市屠宰体重提供理论依据。     

深圳市公园绿地暖季型草坪春夏季杂草的调查

对深圳地区暖季型草坪台湾草及假俭草春夏季草坪进行普查，发现春夏季草坪杂草共66种，分属22科55属，其中台湾草草坪杂草63种，假检草草坪杂草38种。阔叶杂草种类占全部杂草种类的79％。通过抽样、统计，分析了台湾草、假俭草草坪精细管理区、粗放管理区春夏季杂草的优势种和对草坪构成危害的主要杂草种类。结合秋季草坪杂草的调查，总结了深圳地区草坪杂草的发生规律。     

雏鸭重组禽流感(H5+H7)三价灭活苗母源抗体消长规律

为探究雏鸭重组禽流感(H5+H7)三价灭活苗母源抗体消长规律,确定最佳首免日龄,将试验分为A组(种鸭免疫H5N1 Re-11+Re-12株、H7N9 H7-Re-2株、H5N2疫苗)和B组(种鸭免疫H5N2 rSD57株+rFJ56株、H7N9 rGD76株疫苗);选其孵化后的雏鸭各300羽,分别于1、7、14、21、...     

干旱和遮阴对荩草构件形态及生物量分配的影响

以具边坡草坪开发潜力的野生荩草(Arthraxon hispidus)为材料,设干旱[饱和持水量的81.75%(水分充足,W_0)、65.18%(轻度干旱,W_1)、43.64%(中度干旱,W_2)和27.88%(重度干旱,W_3)]和遮阴(0,10%,30%,50%,70%)及交互组合分析干旱和遮阴对荩草构件形态、生物量积累和分配的影响。结果表明,干旱、遮阴、干旱和遮阴协同处理对荩草构件形态有显著影响(P0.05),干旱对根的影响大于茎叶,遮阴对茎和叶影响大于根,协同处理对叶影响大于根和茎;W_2或W_3处理下单株叶数、叶长、叶宽、节间长和分枝数显著降低(P0.05),根长显著增加而单株气生根数显著减少;≥10%遮阴降低单株叶数、单株总节数、根长和单株气生根数,但株高显著增加,W_1×70%遮阴交互处理时单株叶数下降了66.94%,株高和节间长增加了86.11%和46.17%,W_3×70%遮阴交互处理时单株总节数和一级分枝数下降了62.43%和76.47%,根数下降了54.55%,且无气生根。干旱、遮阴、干旱和遮阴互作对生物量积累和分配有显著影响(P0.05),W_2和W_3干旱胁迫显著降低了单株和茎叶生物量及分配比,增加根生物量及根冠比应对中轻度干旱,W_3下单株及构件生物量下降约50%,而增加茎分配比以逃离重度干旱生境。≥30%遮阴显著增加叶生物量及分配比而降低根生物量及分配比,50%遮阴时根分配比及根冠比降低了81.48%和86.79%。干旱和遮阴协同处理可抵消或延缓干旱或遮阴造成的生长失衡,W_2×50%遮阴下荩草的生物量累积和分配与W_0×0遮阴相近。荩草可通过改变构件数量和质量性状及生物量分配,调整生长策略以应对干旱和遮阴胁迫,干旱和遮阴的协同影响,提高了荩草的抗逆性和生境适应能力。     

猪繁殖与呼吸道综合征病毒RT-PCR检测方法研究

为建立一种能够快速、确切诊断猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)的方法,根据GenBank上已发表的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)核苷酸序列设计并合成了一对能特异性扩增PRRSV基因片段的引物,经过条件优化后,建立了检测PRRSV的RT-PCR方法,扩增病毒核酸片段长432bp.试验证明,该方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性、重复性和稳定性,简便、快速、高效,为PRRSV的快速准确诊断及进一步的PRRSV的流行病学研究提供了重要的技术手段.     

First isolation and identification of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica from cultured tiger frog, Rana tigerina rugulosa

Elizabethkingia meningoseptica has been recognised as an occasional but serious opportunistic bacterial pathogen to human beings. Recently, it was frequently isolated from tiger frog, Rana tigerina rugulosa, with cataract disease, which is the most common disease of unknown aetiology of frogs in Hainan, China. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterise the bacterial strains isolated from the recent outbreaks of cataract disease in farmed tiger frog in Hainan, China, and to evaluate their pathogenicity to the frog and their sensitivity to 20 chemotherapeutic agents.The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains W0701 (1478 bp), W0702 (1477 bp) and W0703 (1478 bp) showed 98.6–98.7% similarity with the sequence of E. meningoseptica type strain (ATCC 13253) and 99.9–100% similarity with that of E. meningoseptica NTU 870424-IL. Six strains (W0701–W0706) were selected to represent 24 isolates retrieved from six moribund frogs. The morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the six representative isolates were consistent with those of E. meningoseptica strains. The organisms were only susceptible to vancomycin and moderately susceptible to cefoperazone among the 20 investigated chemotherapeutic agents. Virulence test with strain W0702 was conducted and pathogenicity (by intramuscular injection) was demonstrated in the tiger frog. In conclusion, 24 isolates obtained from frogs with cataract disease were the E. meningoseptica strains highly pathogenic to tiger frog, and this is the first report of E. meningoseptica as a pathogen for tiger frog.     

浅谈＂防病消毒、温湿适度、良桑食足＂养蚕＂十二字原则＂

1养蚕“十二字原则”的提出在上世纪六、七十年代,生产上总结出养蚕“二十字措施”,即“严格消防毒、小蚕尼龙育、大蚕地坑育、饱食防热焗”。该措施具体、可操性强,对当时养蚕起到积极的指导作用,至今也有实用价值。但也经常有按养蚕“二十字措施”做了,还是有养不好蚕的时候。我认为主要是“二十字措施”没有解决好“低温”和“叶质”的问题。如“饱食防热焗”,“热焗”防了,低温怎么办?措施中没提及,温度     

小耳花猪蛔虫ITS及5.8S rDNA序列扩增与分析

以分离自小耳花猪消化道内的蛔虫为研究对象,提取虫体的DNA片断,然后用引物对核糖体DNA(rDNA)的内转录间隔区ITS-1、ITS-2及5.8S序列进行PCR扩增。结果显示,目的片段ITS总长为1441 bp,2个不同样品之间的I TS序列没有差异。通过BLAST检索,与相关蛔虫I TS序列进行比较,发现与拜林蛔线虫(Bayl i sascari s t ransfuga)、猪蛔虫(Ascari s suum)和人蛔虫(Ascari s l umbri coi des)的ITS序列相似性分别为88%、98%和86%,与其他蛔虫的相似性均小于90%。     

Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Study of Deep-Sea-Derived Butyrolactone I in Rats by UHPLC–MS/MS and UHPLC–Q-TOF-MS

Butyrolactone I (BTL-I) is a butanolide isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus, Aspergillus sp. It provides a potential new target for the prevention and treatment of food allergies. This study aimed to investigate the metabolic and pharmacokinetic profile of BTL-I in rats. The metabolic profiles were obtained by UHPLC–Q-TOF-MS. As a result, eleven metabolites were structurally identified, and the proposed metabolic pathways of BTL-I were characterized. The main metabolites were the oxidative and glucuronidative metabolites. In addition, a sensitive UHPLC–MS/MS method was established for the quantitation of BTL-I in rat plasma (LOQ = 2 ng/mL). The method was fully validated and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of BTL-I in rats after oral administration or intravenous administration. The oral bioavailability was calculated as 6.29%, and the maximum plasma concentrations were 9.85 ± 1.54 ng/mL and 17.97 ± 1.36 ng/mL for intravenous and intragastric dosing groups, respectively.