Ovipositor length of threeApocrypta species: Effect on oviposition behavior and correlation with syconial thickness

We investigated oviposition behavior in three non-pollinating fig wasps: the sympatric speciesApocrypta bakeri Joseph onFicus hispida L.,A. westwoodi Grandi onF. racemosa L., andApocrypta sp. onF. semicordata Buch.-Ham. The oviposition behavior differs significantly between one pair of species (A. bakeri andA. westwoodi) and the other species (Apocrypta sp. onF. semicordata).A. bakeri andA. westwoodi were similar in the following aspects: the posture of the abdomen and the action of the hind legs before penetration, and the bending ovipositor sheath during penetration. In contrast, the oviposition behavior ofApocrypta sp. is quite different. This difference can be explained by the significant correlation between ovipositor length and syconial thickness.Apocrypta sp. has a shorter ovipositor than the two other species, which correlates with the thinner syconial wall of its host figF. semicordata. It is deduced that the ovipositor length adapts to the syconial thickness and induces the oviposition behavior in the different species to diverge. For all threeApocrypta species, the midleg length and hindleg length are significantly correlated with their ovipositor lengths. This may be explained as due to the fact that body movement adjusting the hindlegs and midlegs up and down, or forward and backward, is also influenced by the ovipositor length.     

番木瓜遗传改良研究进展

就番木瓜的株性和抗病性等性状遗传、杂交育种、人工诱变育种、离体培养、分子标记及基因工程育种等现代生物新技术育种方面的研究进展及相关问题进行了评述,重点综述了番木瓜株性遗传、远缘杂交与胚胎学、基因工程在抗环斑型花叶病毒病(PRSV)品种培育及分子标记辅助选择育种应用的研究进展,并分析了今后番木瓜育种的发展趋势。     

苹果绵蚜综合防治试验

通过根施、灌根、涂环、虫疤涂泥、喷雾、综合防治等试验,明确了苹果绵蚜防治的关键时期,确定了防效好的药剂,总结出了加强检疫、根施药剂、树干刮涂、树上喷药、全程保护利用自然天敌等一系列综合治理措施,有效地控制了苹果绵蚜的危害。     

瓜类嫁接栽培技术探讨

从6个瓜类砧木品种中，选出了黄瓜适宜砧木为黑籽南瓜，苦瓜适宜砧木为黑籽南瓜和本地肉丝瓜，西瓜适宜砧木为超丰F1和欣京砧一号。瓜类嫁接方法以顶插接法和劈接法为宜，嫁接时期在3月初为宜。重病地黄瓜嫁接苗比自根苗枯萎病发病率降低95．8％，产量提高34．9％；嫁接苦瓜发病率降低83．7％，增产16．9％；嫁接西瓜发病率降低88．9％，增产13．7％。     

海藻肥对黄瓜种子萌发盐胁迫伤害的缓解作用

盐胁迫会破坏种子细胞的结构和功能,导致代谢紊乱,活力降低乃至失去活力。李庭红认为在15g·L-1NaCl盐胁迫下,黄瓜种子的发芽率一般为50%-60%。前人曾以乙烯利、矮壮素、水杨酸等溶液浸种的方法缓解盐胁迫对萌发种子的伤害,但成本高,操作繁琐,效果也不尽理想。海藻肥是一种从海藻中提取的天然生长调节     

酵母蛋白饲料培养条件的研究

对啤酒酵母进行发酵试验,结果表明:该酵母最优的培养条件是麦芽汁培养基稀释倍数2.5,培养时间20h,蔗糖添加量10Brix,尿素添加量0.02%,且酵母菌耐酸耐铜的性能好。     

蜂花粉营养液的营养成分分析

蜂花粉营养液以油菜花粉和蜂蜜为原料,经过先进的生产工艺制备而成.本文主要对其营养成分进行了分析,该营养液的营养成分搭配合理,含有17种氨基酸,其中包括8种必需氨基酸,氨基酸总量为575.2 mg/100mL;钙31.90 mg/100mL、钾77.46 mg/100mL、钠6.16 mg/100mL、镁19.12 mg/100mL、锌0.14 mg/100mL、铁0.14 mg/100mL、锰0.13 mg/100mL、铜0.053 mg/100mL;尼克酸0.24 mg/100mL、维生素B2 0.01mg/100mL、维生素B6 0.74 mg/100mL、维生素C 0.75 mg/100mL.     

犬胚胎移植手术路径研究性试验

犬胚胎移植手术路径的确定是移植能否成功的关键。我们选择了12例自然发情的母犬，分为供体组和受体组，每组6头。通过生物检测镜确定排卵时间，用腹腔镜观察卵巢黄体发育情况，同时于交配后第9、11、13天剖腹探查，确定冲卵时间。结果于交配后第11天冲洗供体犬左侧子宫角，保留右侧子宫角的两例犬受孕，移植给2头受体犬左侧子宫角。     

Culture of Differentiated Adult Rabbit Auricular Chondrocytes

Chondrocytes dedifferentiate to a fibroblast‐like phenotype on plastic surfaces. Dedifferentiation is reversible if these cells are then cultured embedded in gels as alginate, agarose or collagen. Chondrocytes cultured in suspension on a non‐adherent surface are also known to form aggregates of differentiated cells. The knowledge of chondrocyte behavior in culture is relevant for tissue engineering purposes. In this report we describe a simple method to culture differentiated or redifferentiated rabbit auricular chondrocytes on plastic surfaces with a stable phenotype. When chondrocyte aggregates formed in suspension are next seeded on plastic surfaces, most of them attach to the plastic as round or polygonal cells, and this morphological differentiation, confirmed by the presence of type II collagen, is stable for long culture periods. We also report that the addition of aggregates to monolayer cultures of dedifferentiated chondrocytes results in their redifferentiation, as is shown by their morphological changes and the synthesis of type II collagen. Therefore, this simple method can be useful for the study of chondrocyte behavior on plastic surfaces and for redifferentiating previously proliferated chondrocytes in tissue engineering techniques. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that, in addition to culture conditions such as cell isolation method or cell‐density, chondrocyte behavior on plastic depends on the presence or absence of aggregates resulting from the dissociation process.     

不同能量水平日粮对肉仔鸡生长及屠宰性能指标的影响研究

选择3周龄健康、无病、体重无显著差异的肉仔鸡96只,随机分为3组,每组设4 个重复,每个重复8只。分别饲喂蛋白质水平(19．5％)相同而能量水平不同(3．0 Mcal／kg、 3．08 Mcal／kg、3．16Mcal／kg)的3种饲粮。试验结果表明:前两周饲料转化(采食／增重)均以 中能量组(3．08 Mcal／kg)最好,为1．4416±0．1199,但三种不同能量水平对肉仔鸡平均日增 重、平均日耗料、饲料转化率均差异不显著(P>0．05);后两周饲料转化仍以中能量组最好,为 1．6362±0．1346,且显著优于高能量组(P<0．05),而与低能组和中能组之间差异不显著,各 能量处理组蛋白质、粗纤维、钙的代谢率均差异不显著(P>0．05),而磷的代谢率却存在显著 差异(P<0．05),其中,以中等能量组的磷代谢率最高,平均为90．73％;3种能量水平下肉仔鸡 半净膛率、全净膛率均差异不显著(P>0．05),表明能量水平并不影响肉仔鸡屠宰性能。