同胚增殖鸡新城疫病毒和传染性支气管炎病毒的效果观察及免疫应答反应

鸡新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）和鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）混合在同一鸡胚中增殖,当ＮＤＶ和ＩＢＶ接种浓度控制在一定范围时,最佳收毒时间选择使ＮＤＶ有足够时间增殖到最佳滴度,且在这一时间内不至于因孵育时间过长而致ＩＢＶ毒力减弱。结果表明ＮＤＶＬａｓｏｔａ株经１０倍稀释分别与４株ＩＢＶ１０００倍稀释液等体积混合后接种,能在同一鸡胚中正常增殖,即９６ｈ收毒,血凝（ＨＡ）方法测定两种病毒的血凝价均能达到最佳滴度,其血凝价不低于各自单独增殖的滴度。４种ＩＢＶ株与ＮＤＶ同胚增殖的ＨＡ滴度进一步证实,在合适的条件下,ＩＢＶ均不对ＮＤＶ的复制产生干扰作用,４种ＩＢＶ的血凝价无明显差异。免疫试验中用同胚增殖两种病毒二联苗接种,鸡体血清中可产生抗两种病毒的ＨＩ抗体,与各自单独接种时的ＨＩ抗体水平几乎一致。本试验中制备的ＩＢ血凝抗原在４℃保存一个月,其血凝活性保持不变。ＩＢＶ微量血凝抑制（ＨＩ）试验特异性测定结果证实,用自制ＩＢＶ血凝抗原进行ＨＩ试验检测鸡ＩＢ阳性血清均能产生稳定的特异性反应,并且无交叉反应。说明ＨＩ试验是检测ＩＢＶ抗体水平的有效可行的方法。     

沼液浸种对黑麦草种子发芽的影响

为了研究沼液浸种对黑麦草种子发芽的影响,设置4个浓度沼液分别浸泡黑麦草种子,分析种子各项发芽指标的变化。结果表明:各处理均能正常发芽,黑麦草种子的发芽率和发芽势等4项发芽指标均随着浸种沼液浓度的增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势,以75%沼液浓度浸种效果最优,但沼液浸种对发芽率和发芽势的影响要高于苗高和根长。综合分析认为利用沼液浸泡黑麦草种子是提高其生产性能的有力措施,适宜在生产中推广利用。     

双腔气制动阀动静特性的微机测控系统

介绍了汽车制动阀性能的测试方法及其技术实施。该制动阀微机集散检测系统是工业环境下的机、电、液（气）一体化的机构组合，可满足在线生产的工艺检测要求，测量精度可达０．５％。     

Limited awareness of animal influenza prevention and control among Dai Lue smallholder farmers in Southwest China

Awareness of animal influenza and its prevention and control is important for ensuring livestock health, production and welfare. In China, a country stereotyped as a major source of emerging zoonotic infectious diseases, research on the public understanding of animal influenza is limited to the Han, the main ethnic group. The present qualitative study in Southwest China investigated awareness of animal influenza among the Dai, an ethnic minority. The participants (15 men and 10 women, ages 18–83) were smallholder farmers of pigs and poultry in rural areas of Jinghong, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. A mixture of interviews and group discussions took place in homes and villages. The participants were asked about their knowledge of avian influenza (H7N9), swine influenza (H1N1), precautions taken to protect against influenza, procedures when animals were sick and perceived risk of animal influenza. The data were analysed following coding and thematic analysis. The findings demonstrated a limited understanding of animal health and welfare among participants. Specifically, they were largely unaware of animal influenza (H7N9, H1N1) including its causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment. The farmers were also uninformed of the risks they faced and unknowingly engaged in behaviours which increased direct or indirect exposure to infected animals, a risk factor for human infection. They also reported poor usage of veterinary services. In order to guarantee the health, welfare and production of their livestock, immediate action is needed to enable Dai smallholder farmers to prevent and respond to animal influenza effectively and timely.     

蝗虫微孢子虫病在蝗虫和群间的流行规律研究

在同德县北巴滩进行了不同浓度蝗虫微孢子虫（N.L)小区试验和大面积推广试验，并在1997和1999年对防治效果作了调查，结果表明N.L不仅当年虫口减退率和感病率可达60％和50％以上（30天），而且在1997年、1999年防区内平均感病率仍保持在30％和40％。说明N.L具有较强的水平扩散能力和垂直感染能力，可持续、有效地控制蝗灾的发生。     

中西医结合防治羊的疥螨病

疥螨病是羊的常见皮肤病,对养羊业危害极大。近几年来,笔者用中药药治与西药打针相结合的办法,治疗羊疥螨病1888例,痊愈1872例,治愈率为99．15％,现将诊疗情况报道如下：1症状病羊表现剧痒,常以肢搔痒或在墙角、柱栏等磨蹭,病初皮肤出现红斑,接着发生针头大小的结节,随后形成水泡或浓疮,破溃后结成痂皮,皮肤增厚,严重时体毛脱落,食欲减退,生长停滞,病羊日见消瘦,重者死亡。2实验室诊断三亚病理标本的采取选择在患病皮肤和健康皮肤交界处,用刀刮取皮屑,直至皮肤轻微出血,取最后刮下的皮屑。2．2将皮屑满加少量的甘油水等…     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE CANINE OPTIC NERVE

We describe the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging aspects of normal canine optic nerve, the diameter of the optic nerve as measured on MR images, and optimal MR sequences for the evaluation of the optic nerve using a 0.2 T MR unit. Three millimeter contiguous slides of the normal canine orbital region were acquired in transverse and dorsal oblique planes using a variety of tissue weighting sequences. It was apparent that detailed anatomic assessment of the optic nerve can be performed with low‐field MR imaging, but none of the sequences provided unequivocal superior image quality of the optic nerve. The mean diameter of the optic nerve sheath complex was 3.7 mm and of the optic nerve 1.7 mm. The intraorbital and intracanalicular parts of the optic nerve are consistently visible and differentiation between the optic nerve and optic nerve sheath complex is possible using low‐field MR systems.     

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of a CXC chemokine gene from large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea

In the present study, we report the cloning of a CXCL12 chemokine gene homologue from the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea (LycCXCL12). The complete cDNA of LycCXCL12 is 678 nucleotides (nt) encoding a protein of 97 amino acids (aa), with a putative molecular weight of 11.1 kDa. The deduced LycCXCL12 contains a 22-aa signal peptide and a 75-aa mature polypeptide, which possesses the typical arrangement of four cysteines as found in other known CXC chemokines. It shares 57-68% and 32-36% aa sequence identities to known CXCL12 chemokines in fish species and other vertebrates, respectively. The LycCXCL12 gene was constitutively expressed in all tissues examined although at different levels. Upon induction with poly(I:C) or inactivated trivalent bacterial vaccine, LycCXCL12 gene expression was significantly up-regulated in gills, liver, kidney, spleen and blood at 24 h after stimulation. Time course analysis using real-time PCR showed that LycCXCL12 gene expression reached peak level in spleen and kidney at 12 h or in gills at 24 h post-induction by poly(I:C), while its expression increased to the highest level in kidney at 24h or in gills and spleen at 48 h post-induction by bacterial vaccine, indicating that LycCXCL12 gene expression was differentially regulated by poly(I:C) and bacterial vaccine.     

A retrospective analysis of radiation therapy for the treatment of feline vaccine‐associated sarcoma*

We retrospectively evaluated predictive prognostic factors in 73 cats with vaccine‐associated sarcoma given postsurgical curative (n = 46, most with clean margins) or coarse fractionated radiotherapy (n = 27, most with either macroscopic disease or dirty margins). The former animals displayed a median survival of 43 months and a median progression free interval (PFI) of 37 months, the latter reached a median survival of 24 months and a median PFI of 10 months. In cats undergoing coarse fractionated therapy, factors predictive of a better outcome included lack of visible mass (n = 10) as opposed to macroscopic disease (n = 17, survival: 30 versus 7 months, P = 0.025; PFI: 20 versus 4 months, P = 0.01), adjuvant chemotherapy for gross disease (n = 5/17, survival: 29 versus 5 months, P = 0.04) and a smaller number of surgeries preceding radiation therapy (coeff = 0.41, P = 0.03). The Ki67 index was not predictive for survival. We concluded that postsurgical curative and coarse fractionated radiotherapy are effective legitimate options for managing vaccine‐associated sarcomas.