商品化猪丹毒疫苗分类及特点

文章介绍了5种商品化猪丹毒疫苗的种类、毒株组成、抗原含量及相应免疫程序,为了解各种类型的猪丹毒商品化疫苗提供参考。     

林麝放牧区野生饲用植物叶营养成分的综合分析

在测定林麝（Moschus berezovskii）喜食野生植物叶的常规养分及矿物质元素的基础上,利用简单线性相关、营养类型及聚类分析,对植物叶成分含量进行了综合分析与归类,以期明析24种野生植物叶的养分含量特点和营养类别,为林麝日粮中青粗料的合理搭配及饲草资源的开发提供参考依据。结果表明,24种植物叶粗纤维(CF)含量均能满足林麝需要;粗蛋白(CP)含量仅构树（Broussonetia papyrifera）、葎草（Humulus scandens）及野桑（Morus alba）能满足其需要;钙含量均超过需要;磷含量部分超过需要;杜仲（Eucommia ulmoides）、苦木（Picrasma quassiodes）、葎草（Humulus scandens）及木姜子（Litsea pungens）等的钙磷比低于7.00,铁、锰含量超过林麝营养需求,铜、锌不足;灰分（Ash）与CP呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）,Ash与无氮浸出物（NEF）呈极显著负相关(P＜0.01）, CF与NEF呈显著负相关（P＜0.05), CP与NEF呈极显著负相关(P＜0.01）;金钱槭（Dipteronia sinensis）、野桑、木姜子C/N均小于3.75,属于N型,葛萝槭（Acer grosseri）C/N为7.27,属于C N型,蛇葡萄、构树、葎草属于灰分 N型,金银忍冬（Lonicera maackii）、铁箍散（Schisandra propinqua var. sinensis）、丛花南蛇藤（Celastrus rosthornianus var.loeseneri）属于NC 灰分型,其余属于N C型;按常规养分含量可将植物叶分为6类,按矿物质元素含量可将植物叶分为7类。     

猪精子质量的流式细胞检测分析

本试验将流式细胞术应用于猪精子分析,同时检测精子功能的多个特性,以保证精子具备多种特性且功能完整,顺利完成授精过程。分别采用SYBR-14/PI（Propidium Iodide）、YO-PRO-1/PI、PNA/PI及Mito Tracker/YO-PRO-1 4种染色方法对荣昌猪精子的质膜完整性、细胞凋亡、顶体完整性及线粒体功能进行了检测和分析;以SYBR-14⁺/PI^-表示质膜完整的活精子,YO-PRO-1^-/PI^-表示活精子,PNA^-/PI^-表示未发生顶体反应的活精子,Mito Tracker⁺/YO-PRO-1^-表示线粒体活性高的活精子,以上述检测指标的综合结果判定精子功能的完整性。本试验通过流式细胞术对荣昌猪精子进行质量检测和分析,结果表明,该方法可为临床诊断种猪不孕症提供理论依据,对有效治疗不孕症有重要意义。     

实验性脾虚证与自由基代谢的相关性及四君子汤对其的调整作用

分别用小承气汤和利血平复制大鼠脾虚证模型，通过检测血清和心、肝、脾、肾等组织中抗氧化酶SOD和GSHP－Px的活性及脂质过氧化反应终产物MDA含量，研究脾虚证与自由基代谢的相关性及四君子汤对其影响。结果表明：两种方法复制脾虚证模型与对照组比较均表现为SOD活性显著升高（P＜0．05），GSH－Px活性显著降低（P＜0．05）；四君子汤反证治疗组与脾虚证组比较表现为SOD活性显著下降（P＜0．05），GSH－Px活性显著升高（P＜0．05），MDA含量显著降低（P＜0．05），与正常对照组接近。表明大鼠虚证动物模型与体内自由基代谢紊乱，脂质过氧化作用增强存在一定关系，健脾益气方药四君子汤能够提高体内抗氧化酶活性，拮抗自由基对生物膜的过氧化损伤，具有抗脂质过氧化损伤的作用。     

不同缓控释氮肥对高羊茅草坪生长及氮素挥发的影响

 通过田间试验,研究了氮释放期为３０和６０ｄ的树脂包膜尿素（ＰＣＵ３０、ＰＣＵ６０）,硫包衣尿素（ＳＣＵ）,抑制剂型缓释尿素（ＵＩ）和普通尿素（Ｕ）对高羊茅草坪生长、氮素吸收及氮素挥发的影响。结果表明,在全年施氮量２６０ｋｇ／ｈｍ^２ 的情况下,ＰＣＵ３０、ＰＣＵ６０和ＳＣＵ 一年分春秋２次施用可以满足高羊茅草坪正常生长需要,其草屑累积量和氮素吸收量显著高于普通尿素一年４ 次施用处理;氮素气态损失方面,ＵＩ处理的氨挥发损失氮量高达４４．４２ｋｇ／ｈｍ^２,显著高于其他施氮处理,其Ｎ_２Ｏ 排放氮量为６．４６ｋｇ／ｈｍ^２,显著低于其他施氮处理;ＰＣＵ３０、ＰＣＵ６０、ＳＣＵ 处理的氨挥发量和Ｎ_２Ｏ 排放氮量分别为１７．６７,１３．５９,１８．５４ｋｇ／ｈｍ^２ 和８．１４,６．９２ ,９．９１ｋｇ／ｈｍ^２,显著低于Ｕ处 理。综合考虑各种因素,建议高羊茅草坪一年分春秋２次施用树脂包膜尿素ＰＣＵ６０较为适宜,可有效提高肥料利用率、降低氮素挥发损失,环境效益明显。     

乳酸菌融合表达传染性法氏囊病毒VP2蛋白与大肠杆菌LTB及其诱导免疫应答的研究

为研究传染性法氏囊病毒(IBDV)保护性抗原VP2与E.coli不耐热肠毒素B亚单位(LTB)在戊糖乳杆菌(L.pentosus)中的共表达及其免疫原性,本研究以乳酸杆菌表面表达型和分泌表达型质粒pPG-1和pPG-2为载体,以VP2为目的基因,构建VP2基因单独表达及与LTB基因融合表达的4种重组L.pentosus,分别命名为pPG-1-VP2/L.pentosus、pPG-1-VP2-LTB/L.pentosus、pPG-2-VP2/L.pentosus及pPG-2-VP2-LTB/L.pentosus。表达的重组蛋白分子量大小分别约为47 ku、55 ku、45 ku及53ku。将构建的重组L.pentosus分别口服免疫SPF雏鸡,以IDEXX试剂盒测定体液免疫应答水平,结果显示,不同表达方式的重组L.pentosus均可以刺激机体产生特异性循环抗体和分泌抗体(sIgA),其中pPG-2-VP2-LTB/L.pentosus诱导产生的抗体滴度高于其它组。MTT法检测不同表达方式的重组乳酸菌免疫雏鸡外周血淋巴细胞增殖反应,结果显示特异性抗原对免疫雏鸡淋巴细胞的增殖指数显著高于未免疫组,表明重组菌能够刺激机体产生特异性细胞免疫应答。这些结果表明4种重组菌均能够刺激机体产生局部黏膜免疫和全身系统免疫应答;并且带有黏膜免疫佐剂LTB融合表达试验组高于VP2蛋白单独表达组。     

Isolation, expansion, and differentiation of goat adipose-derived stem cells

A goat adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) line was established and compared to a rat line. Goat ADSC cells had normal diploidy after subculture. Proliferation of goat ADSCs was faster than rat cells in the same conditions. Both rat and goat ADSCs stained positively for vimentin, CD49d, CD44 and CD13, but stained negatively for CD34 and CD106. Bone nodules were apparent, and alizarin staining was positive after osteogenic induction. Cells expressing osteocalcin were positive by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. After osteogenic induction, ossification nodules of goat ADSCs were larger than in rats, with dense ALP staining. Adipogenic induction resulting in lipid droplets and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ2) expression were observed. Cartilage lacunae were formed and COL2A1 was expressed. More cartilage lacunae with better morphology were seen following differentiation of goat ADSC's using the hang-drop method. For goat ADSCs, results with both adherent-induced and hanging-drop induced cultures were better than for three-dimensional cultures.     

新疆细毛羊pEGFP-C2-KAP6.1真核表达质粒的构建与鉴定

试验采集新疆细毛羊皮肤组织,提取RNA,采用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)技术扩增出KAP6.1基因,并通过DNA重组技术将该基因片段重组于pEGFP-C2真核表达载体上,构建pEGFP-C2-KAP6.1重组质粒,并进行PCR、酶切鉴定。结果表明,本试验成功构建了新疆细毛羊的pEGFP-C2-KAP6.1真核表达重组质粒,为进一步研究该基因所编码的蛋白与毛品质的关系,以及培育超细羊毛等经济性生物学性状相互关系提供理论依据。     

昭通南方草山退化及人工改造对土壤种子库的影响

土壤种子库在退化生态系统的恢复中发挥着重要作用。本研究选取了昭通南方草山的4类草地,采集土样后通过萌发实验揭示其土壤种子库特征。结果表明：4类样地的土壤样品中共萌发出45种植物,隶属于20科39属,种子库储量为3 087～18 553粒·m^-2,种子库密度随土层加深均在逐渐降低。与轻度放牧草地相比,过度放牧草地的土壤种子库密度下降,但物种数量和多样性增加;严重退化的稀草裸斑土地种子库密度则显著降低(P<0.05),物种数量和多样性减少;而人工改造后的草地种子库密度显著增高(P<0.05)、物种数量和多样性也达到最高。昭通南方草山种子库与地上植被的总相似性系数为0.22～0.45,过度放牧草地、稀草裸斑土地和人工改造草地种子库与地上植被的相似系数均高于轻度放牧草地。总之,昭通南方草山退化和人工改造对土壤种子库产生巨大影响,上述结果可为后期退化草地治理提供理论依据。     

Intramammary infusion of an Enterococcus faecium SF68 preparation promoted the involution of drying off Holstein cows partly related to neutrophil‐associated matrix metalloproteinase 9

A problem for dairy cows following milk stasis is to cope with a high risk of intramammary infection and there is a need to initiate an extensive renewal of secretory modules in mammary glands so that milk production in next lactation may be optimized. We recently reported that ultrasonicated Enterococcus faecium SF68 (SF68) is compatible with cow mammary glands and an enhancer of innate immunity during the immediate post‐milk stasis period. The current study further examines the concomitant effect of ultrasonicated SF68 on mammary tissue remodeling. Four Holstein cows each received intramammary infusions of regular antibiotic dry‐cow formula (positive control) and two different doses of SF68 in different quarters. Analyses of individual quarter secretion samples showed faster neutrophil infiltration, earlier modifications in protein composition, including caseins and lactoferrins, as well as more prompt elevation of the specific unit of 92‐kDa matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in SF68‐infused quarters compared to the positive controls. Intramammary infusion of ultrasonicated SF68 seems able to accelerate the regression of mammary synthetic capacity and potentiate the breakdown of glandular extracellular matrix, indicating a more efficient mammary gland involution. Correlation analyses imply that the ability of ultrasonicated SF68 to induce faster neutrophil chemotaxis and the associated MMP9 release is partly responsible.