对霉菌毒素病的担忧将继续

<正>2009年美国多雨的天气引发了人们对霉菌毒素污染的担忧,当将玉米运送至存储的谷仓时水分含量高达20%,并且在干燥后重量明显变低,说明玉米的质量较差。对仓储公司和乙醇生产厂的调查显示,玉米中的呕吐毒素(DON)含量达到了令人无法接受的水平,此外还含有伏马菌素和单端孢霉烯族毒素类,偶见黄曲霉毒素。     

利用间歇浸没式生物反应器进行果蔗组培快繁

以果蔗(Badila)茎尖脱毒组培苗为材料,利用间歇浸没式生物反应器(Temporary immersion bioreactors TIBs)进行组培快繁的技术体系的研究。结果表明:(1)使用TIBs系统进行甘蔗组织培养一代增殖较传统方法高出10倍以上;(2)TIBs系统以第4代继代材料为宜;(3)接种密度在10～15株/L培养基最有利于甘蔗组培苗的增殖和生长;(4)TIBs系统中6-BA浓度为0.5～1.0mg/L时适合于增殖培养,NAA浓度为4mg/L时有利于根的诱导;(5)浸没间歇频率在1min/3h时增殖和生长表现较为优异,1min/6h时有利于根的诱导和根的生长。     

Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten on Growth Performance,Cell Immunity and Serum Biochemical Indices of Weaned Piglets （Sus scrofa）

To investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with hydrolyzed wheat gluten (HWG) on growth performance, cell immunity and serum biochemical indices of weaned piglets, 160 crossed (Large White×Landrace) and weaned piglets were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 4 replicates of 10 piglets each. The piglets in each treatment were fed an experimental diet containing either 0 g kg-1 HWG (control group), 30 g kg-1 HWG (3% HWG group), 50 g kg-1 HWG (5% HWG group), or 2.5 g kg-1 glycyl-L-glutamine (0.25% Gly-Gln group). The results showed that the diarrhea rates in 3% HWG and 5% HWG groups were significantly lower than in control group from d 1 to 14 (P＜0.05), while the average daily gain (ADG) in each of two groups was increased (P＞0.05). When compared with control group, dietary supplementation with 3% HWG increased the ratio of CD4+:CD8+ and the ratio of serum albumin and globulin concentrations (A:G) on d 14 and 28, as well as the proliferation of T- and B-lymphocytes (P＞0.05) on d 28. In addition, on d 14 and 28, the A:G ratio in 5% HWG group was significantly higher than in control group (P＜0.05), while the ratio of CD4+:CD8+ increased slightly (P＞0.05). Interestingly, 0.25% Gly-Gln group had higher proportion of CD3+ (P＞0.05) and CD4+ (P＜0.05) on d 14 than control group, but growth performances of 0.25% Gly-Gln group were negatively affected at all experiment stages. These results suggested that HWG might improve the growth performance of piglets by strengthening cell immunity and decreasing the occurrence of diarrhea during the prophase after weaning.     

苦瓜强雌系Q03的选育及利用研究

对回交转育的中间材料定向选择,选育出了草白色果皮的强雌系Q03苦瓜,其雌花率90%以上,且雌性稳定,以其作母本配制的川苦77,早期产量和总产量杂种优势明显,与适宜的亲本配组表现出正向的强雌性杂种优势。同时便于杂交种子生产。     

菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒DNA限制性内切酶图谱分析

采用“酶-SDS-酚”法提取的菜粉蝶(Pieris rapae)颗粒体病毒京农801株(PrGV-JN801)DNA,A260/A280=1.85,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳呈现一条带。三种限制性内切酶消化PrGV-JN 801 DNA,其结果分别为:Hind Ⅱ,12个片段;EcoR Ⅰ,15个片段;Bam HI,12个片段。三种酶切所得限制性片段累加分子量的平均值75.04×10~6道尔顿为PrGV-JN 801DNA的分子量。     

旱涝胁迫条件下稗草对大豆植株含氮量及蛋白质产量的影响

稗草生长明显降低了大豆籽粒蛋白质产量及氮素向其籽粒中的分配比例,而显著提高了大豆茎、叶、籽含氮量及氮素向其茎、叶中的分配比例。这种影响在座荚期渍涝 鼓粒期干旱条件下最为突出;稗草对大豆籽粒蛋白质生产的危害在幼苗期—开花期的渍涝条件下显著减轻,而在任一时期的干旱条件下均明显加重,且在座荚期的渍涝处理中比在幼苗期—开花期的渍涝处理中大。不同时期、不同旱涝胁迫处理对大豆籽粒蛋白质产量的降低程度不同,其中旱害远大于涝害,后期旱害大于前期旱害,先涝后旱的危害大于先旱后涝的危害,旱涝结合的危害大于只旱或只涝的危害;开花期大豆最不耐涝,鼓粒期最不耐旱。     

小地老虎抗寒能力的研究

小地老虎各虫态的过冷却点,卵期为-9.5℃,一至六龄幼虫分别为-8.8、-4.1、-3.6、-3.0、-2.3与-1.2℃,蛹期为-6.6℃,成虫期为-4.3℃。越冬幼虫在-5—0℃下1天内即死亡,2—4℃间能存活2个月,低温锻炼不能提高幼虫的抗寒力。六龄幼虫在4℃时停食,消化道内酯酶活性下降。成虫在越冬期间,若无补充营养,只能存活2个月。     

四川兽药GMP实施的制约因素及其展望

四川畜牧业持续18年的快速增长,为兽药业的发展提供了极其广阔的前景。据目前统计,四川现有兽药生产企业170多家,从业人员2万多,年产值15亿多元;经营企业2500多家,占全国72000家的36%。据不完全统计,兽药经营网点遍布全省城乡各地,在一些大中城市,还形成了较大规模的兽药交易市     

小菜蛾抗性稳定性及抗性治理对策研究

试验表明，福州地区田间小菜蛾已对有机磷、氨基甲酸酯及拟除虫菊酯产 生高抗性。脱离选择压力3代后，小菜蛾的抗性水平迅速下降。Bt预处理可提高抗性和敏感小菜蛾幼虫 对有机磷的敏感性，尤其对抗性小菜蛾增效极显著，对敏感小菜蛾AChE的 Ki值则影响不 大。据此提出在抗性治理中，应轮用或换用不同毒理机制的杀虫剂，且其间隔至少为2～3代。     

寒地高效日光节能温室建造技术

黑龙江省地处北纬43°～53°以北高寒地区,过去由于冬季温度低,日照时间短,能源消耗大,冬季均以加温温室为主,随着市场经济和新一轮菜蓝子工程建设的发展,黑龙江省高效日光节能温室面积已近2000hm2(公顷),在冬春季节蔬菜生产中发挥着重要作用.