Yield-height correlation and QTL localization for plant height in two lowland switchgrass populations

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), as a model herbaceous crop species for bioenergy production, is targeted to improve biomass yield and feedstock quality. Plant height is a major component contributing to biomass yield. Accordingly, the objectives of this research were to analyze phenotypic variation for biomass and plant height and the association between them and to localize associated plant height QTLs. Two lowland switchgrass mapping populations, one selfed and another hybrid population established in the field at Perkins and Stillwater, Oklahoma, were deployed in the experiment for two years post establishment. Large genetic variation existed for plant biomass and height within the two populations. Plant height was positively correlated with biomass yield in the selfed population (r = 0.39, P<0.0001) and the hybrid population (r = 0.41, P<0.0001). In the selfed population, a joint analysis across all environments revealed 10 QTLs and separate analysis for each environment, collectively revealed 39 QTLs related to plant height. In the hybrid population, the joint analysis across overall environments revealed 35 QTLs and the separate analysis for each environment revealed 38 QTLs. The findings of this research contribute new information about the genetic control for plant height and will be useful for future plant breeding and genetic improvement programs in lowland switchgrass.     

调亏灌溉和氮处理对小桐子生长及水分利用的影响

为了研究阶段水分亏缺(亏水+不亏水W_LW_H、不亏水+亏水W_HW_L、亏水+亏水W_LW_L、不亏水+不亏水W_HW_H)和不同施氮量(N_Z:0,N_L:0.2 g/kg,N_H:0.4 g/kg)对小桐子生长、生理指标和灌溉水利用效率的影响,通过盆栽试验,发现W_LW_H的生长和灌溉水利用效率均显著高于W_HW_L;作物的灌溉水利用效率随施氮量的增大而呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在N_L水平下达到最大值;与高水高氮的处理N_HW_HW_H相比,中水低氮处理N_LW_LW_H节约灌溉水27%,节约氮肥使用量50%,小桐子株高减少31%、总干物质量减少35%,灌溉水利用效率减少13%,但茎粗增加13%,根冠比增加20%.可见小桐子在第一阶段处理(40~90 d)幼树期对水分的需求量较小,适度的亏缺灌溉可提高灌溉水利用效率;小桐子在第二阶段处理(90~140 d)处于旺长期,对水分的需求量较大,增大灌水量可大幅度促进小桐子生长及其干物质量的积累.全生育期实施亏缺灌溉,可提高小桐子自身适应外界环境能力,抗干旱胁迫能力也逐渐增强,但W_LW_L水平下的小桐子生长缓慢.经综合分析,认为处理N_LW_LW_H可作为干旱地区条件下的小桐子灌溉和施氮制度.     

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of duck Toll-like receptor 5

Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) is responsible for the recognition of bacterial flagellin in vertebrates. In this study, we cloned the single-exon TLR5 gene of the Maya breed of Common Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna). The TLR5 open reading frame is 2580 bp in length and encodes an 859-amino acid protein. The putative amino acid sequence of duck TLR5 consisted of a signal peptide sequence, 11 leucine-rich repeat domains, a leucine-rich repeat C-terminal domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular Toll-interleukin-1 receptor domain. The duck TLR5 gene was highly expressed in the lung, bone marrow, spleen, and liver; moderately expressed in kidney, small intestine, large intestine, and brain. A plasmid expressing duck TLR5 was constructed and transfected into HEK293T cells, and expression was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assay. HEK293T cells transfected with duck TLR5- and NF-κB-luciferase-containing plasmids significantly responded to flagellin from Salmonella typhimurium, indicating that it is a functional TLR5 homolog.     

假俭草抗寒性与体内碳水化合物、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白含量的关系

为了阐述假俭草(Eremochloa ophiuroides(Munro.)Hack.)的抗寒性与碳水化合物、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白含量季节动态变化之间的关系,于2008年10月-2009年5月,研究了在自然温度变化过程中,假俭草E126匍匐茎中碳水化合物、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白的季节性动态变化及其与半致死温度(LT₅₀)变化的关系。结果表明:在越冬前后假俭草E126匍匐茎LT₅₀呈现先降低后升高的季节变化趋势,可溶性总糖、蔗糖、果糖含量,可溶性总糖淀粉比率以及脯氨酸含量伴随田间气温变化均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,可溶性蛋白、淀粉含量则呈现出先降低又升高的趋势。假俭草E126匍匐茎LT₅₀季节变化与可溶性总糖、蔗糖、果糖含量,可溶性总糖淀粉比率季节变化之间存在极显著负相关(P<0.01),而与淀粉含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量的季节变化间相关性不显著。因此,可溶性总糖含量、蔗糖含量、果糖含量、可溶性总糖淀粉比率对其冬季抗寒性增强有重要作用。     

中国西藏小反刍兽疫的发生状况与防控

2007年7月,我国首次在西藏自治区阿里地区发生了小反刍兽疫疫病流行.从2007年7月9日到11月15日,先后在阿里地区革吉、日土、札达、改则4个县出现疫情,共20个疫点,羊发病6122只,死亡1888只.2008年6月,在那曲地区尼玛县双湖区再次发现小反刍兽疫疫情,病羊及同群羊合计6690只.为消灭该病,采取了扑杀、...     

青海藏羚羊保护浅议

通过对藏羚羊的生物学特性的陈述，分析了青海省藏羚羊的资源状况，提出了保护藏羚羊的措施和建议。     

爱与恨:农民对土地感情的两个维度

土地是农民财富的重要来源,是农民生存的重要保障,是农民精神的重要寄托,农民真诚地爱着土地.但由于土地束缚了农民的发展空间,成了农民的负担,土地的经营收入不断下降, 土地调整频繁,土地产权模糊, 农民又没有真正意义上的土地使用权,土地权利屡遭侵害,对土地的保护软弱无力,农民对土地的感情又有恨的一面.     

东莞市封山育林规划设计及措施的探讨

封山育林是培育森林资源,提高森林质量和覆盖度,改善生态环境的重要途径。文章分析了东莞市封山育林基础条件,提出了封山育林技术方案及实施的保障措施。     

蒙古栎秋播种育苗技术的研究

自１９９３年起对本局大趟子苗圃进行了蒙古栎秋播育苗试验,并对蒙古栎从采种、种子调制、田间管理及起苗、留床、造林等环节上形成了一套完整的科学育苗方法,避免了春播育苗种子储藏和鼠害等一系列不利问题,研究探索了最佳播种量和最佳经营密度。     

做强蔬菜产业,推进新农村建设——璧山县新堰村新农村建设的实践与思考

璧山县新堰村在推进新农村建设过程中,把蔬菜作为支撑产业千方百计做大做强,以完善基础设施夯实发展基础,以优化产业结构挖掘发展潜力,以完善服务体系提供发展支持,推动了经济社会全面发展,为纯农业村推进新农村建设找到了一条可值得借鉴的成功之路.并就建设社会主义新农村总结出3点经验,一是有一个好的产业作支撑,二是有坚强的领导作保证,三是有一套好的机制作保障.