草菇栽培原料发酵剂菌株的筛选及应用初探

从广西军区食用菌生产基地、广西大学微生物厂、广西大学牧场等地采集的样品中分离得到多株菌株。再从耐热、耐碱、产酶能力及营养物综合利用等方面考查各菌株，最终筛选得到理想的放线菌1株、细菌3株组成发酵剂菌株，并用于栽培原料发酵后栽培草菇。实验结果显示：加入该菌剂的料堆27h后温度可升至65℃，此时对照55℃，环境40℃，草菇生物学效率比对照提高了4.76％至7．56％。     

不同稻秸添加比例对紫花苜蓿和麦麸混合青贮的影响

为探讨不同稻秸添加比例对紫花苜蓿和麦麸混合青贮发酵品质的影响,以紫花苜蓿、麦麸及5个不同比例(0、5%、10%、15%和20%)的稻秸分别进行混合裹包青贮,30 d后测定混合青贮饲料的发酵品质、营养品质和有氧稳定性。结果表明:1)稻秸添加组与不添加的对照组pH、可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和NH_3-N/TN有显著差异(P<0.05);随着稻秸添加量的增加,pH值、ADF、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和有氧稳定性递增,粗蛋白(CP)、WSC、相对饲料值(RFV)和V-Score值降低。2)根据V-Score评分可知,0和5%的稻秸添加组发酵品质为优,10%和15%稻秸添加组的发酵品质为良,20%稻秸添加组发酵品质中等。3)青贮30 d开包后,0和5%的稻秸添加组的有氧稳定性分别为64和72 h,10%、15%和20%稻秸添加组的有氧稳定性均大于168 h;有氧暴露4 d后,0、5%、10%和20%稻秸添加组pH值迅速变化,15%稻秸添加组变化相对较小。综上所述,优质混合青贮的推荐稻秸添加比例应小于5%。     

番茄耐弱光性遗传规律的研究

在番茄个体发育过程中，对耐弱光自交系01—21(P1)和不耐弱光自交系01-61(P2)以及它们的正、反交和回交后代F1、F11、F2、B1、B2共7个群体进行遮光处理，分析其番茄耐弱光性遗传规律。结果表明：番茄耐弱光性以显性遗传和基因互作效应为主，存在部分加性遗传效应。     

常态化疫情防控下的公共卫生专业大学生目标认知分析——基于某高校的横断面调查

利用问卷星平台在某普通高校公共卫生相关专业学生中发放自拟问卷,匿名收集基本情况、对大学的认识和目标相关认知信息.运用描述性统计、卡方检验和多元logistic回归分析方法.共回收1029份1～5年级学生有效问卷.总体来看,学生对大学有正确的认知,入学时和目前目标明确率分别是27.7％和61.5％,在中学阶段51.5％的...     

月季在城市园林绿化中的应用前景

目的探索外施水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯对盐胁迫下月季品种月月粉生理特性的影响。方法采用水培方法,对月月粉幼苗进行高盐胁迫处理、外源激素处理以及盐与激素共处理,测定处理组和对照组的叶绿素、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量以及过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性。结果相较于单独盐胁迫,盐胁迫下外施水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯使月月粉叶片叶绿素含量分别提高了98.03%和80.05%,叶片中脯氨酸含量分别提高了57.23%和49.72%,根系中脯氨酸含量分别提高了56.75%和89.31%,叶片中丙二醛含量分别降低了29.92%和16.79%,根系中丙二醛含量分别降低了28.62%和20.52%。结论外施水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯处理均可缓解盐胁迫对月月粉的伤害,且茉莉酸甲酯的缓解效果优于水杨酸。     

柽柳红叶观赏新品种‘鲁柽3号’的选育

‘鲁柽3号’是通过选择育种方法选育出的红叶观赏新品种。该品种具有株型紧凑,当年生枝褐色有光泽,秋季叶色红至深红,观赏性强的特点,且耐重盐碱,是适宜北方盐碱地区种植的一个新品种。     

枇杷种质资源果实若干性状及相关性研究

对224份枇杷种质果实11个性状的分布情况及性状间的相关性进行了分析研究,结果表明：（1）枇杷种质资源果实的单果重、可溶性固形物含量、可食率、果实纵经、果实横径、果实侧径、果形指数、萼片长度、萼片基部宽度、萼筒宽度和深度等11个性状存在广泛的分布,变异系数在11.81%~48.92%之间,分布区间以单果重为最大,果形指数为最小;（2）果形指数不能完全反映果实形状;果形指数在0.91~1.10之间的种质果形最为丰富;（3）单果重与果实纵径、果实横径、果实侧径、萼片长度、萼片基部宽度、萼筒深度、可食率及果形指数等8个性状呈极显著正相关,与可溶性固形物含量呈极显著负相关;可食率与单果重、果实纵径、果实横径、果实侧径、萼片长度、萼片基部宽度、萼筒深度及果形指数等8个性状呈极显著正相关,与可溶性固形物含量呈显著负相关;果形指数与果实纵经、单果重、萼筒深度、可食率等4个性状呈极显著正相关,与可溶性固形物含量呈极显著负相关。     

Physiological effects of different Cd concentrations on maize root architecture and classification北大核心CSCD

In this research, a hydroponics experiment was conducted to apply different concentrations of cadmium (Cd) (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 μmol·L-1) to maize seedlings with two leaves and one new leaf, in order to explore the effects of the different Cd concentrations on the maize seedling growth, Cd absorption kinetics and root morphology and classification. After 5 days of Cd stress, the maize seedings were sampled, the plant height, main root length, aboveground and underground biomass, root architecture, Cd content and photosynthesis and related parameters were measured. It was found that with increasing Cd stress, the plant height, main root length, biomass and tolerance index of shoots and roots, total root length, root surface area, root volume, root forks and root tips all decreased significantly; Root average diameter and root:shoot increased significantly (P<0.05). Meanwhile root parameters (root length, root surface area and root volume) of root diameter classes designated Ⅰ-Ⅲ (0-1.5 mm) showed a decreasing trend, which had a significant (P<0.05) negative correlation with root Cd concentration. The proportion of root length, root surface area and root volume with diameter between 0-0.5 mm showed a downward trend under Cd stress. Under Cd stress, Cd concentration and accumulation in underground and aboveground parts of maize seedlings increased significantly, chlorophyll content decreased, and photosynthesis was inhibited. This study has shown that Cd affected root development mainly by inhibiting the growth and morphology of fine roots, and inhibited photosynthesis, elongation and biomass accumulation of the aboveground and underground parts of the maize seedings. © 2022, Editorial Office of Acta Prataculturae Sinica. All rights reserved.