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91.
92.
Papori Barua Ming Pei You Kirsty Bayliss Vincent Lanoiselet Martin J. Barbetti 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,148(1):139-150
Long-lasting viable fungal spores are one of the important aspects in emergence, spread and disease development of pathogenic fungi. We developed a rapid and miniaturized system using Alamar Blue (resazurin dye; 7-hydroxy-3H-phenoxazin-3-one 10-oxide) for assessing fungal spore viability, using the ascomycete Leptosphaeria maculans (causing blackleg disease on canola) as a ‘model pathogen’. The assay is dependent on the metabolic activity of viable fungal spores to convert the dark blue of resazurin (maximum absorbance 605 nm) into the pink colour of resorufin (maximum absorbance 573 nm). The Alamar Blue assay uses an optimised micro-titre based format that was far superior for determining fungal spore viability in comparison with current conventional techniques including trypan blue staining, a TC10 cellometer cell counter, or by assessing germination of the spores under the microscope. This new assay was also more rapid and reproducible than current conventional tests to detect viable spores. Viable spores could be reliably detected within two hours. The successful application of the Alamar Blue assay to measure fungal spore viability in the current study has important benefits for biosecurity operations relating to faster and more reliable confirmation of viability of potential invasive exotic fungal pathogens and in minimising any consequent disease outbreaks. The effectiveness of the Alamar Blue assay was confirmed by successfully determining the relative retention times of viable L. maculans ascospores across a range of different potential spore-carrier materials, including steel, fabric, wood, paper, rubber and leather, over a time period of eight months. To further confirm the wide applicability of the Alamar Blue assay, it was successfully applied to detect viable spores of fungal pathogens of diverse taxonomic groups, including Kabatiella caulivora, Magnaporthe oryzae and Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici, and also of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 相似文献
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94.
Coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy in Caenorhabditis elegans and Globodera pallida: evidence for an ivermectin‐activated decrease in lipid stores 下载免费PDF全文
95.
Christoforos Karanikas Vincent Walker Apostolos Scaltsoyiannes Gilles Comte Cédric Bertrand 《Annals of Forest Science》2010,67(4):412-412
96.
Shiro Suzuki Norikazu Sakakibara Laigeng Li Toshiaki Umezawa Vincent L. Chiang 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(1):71-76
Here we describe alterations in the cinnamate/monolignol pathway in three transgenic aspen lines: one with downregulated expression
of 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL), one with upregulated expression of coniferaldehyde 5-hydroxylase (CAld5H), and a 4CL downregulated/CAld5H
upregulated line. Compared with the wild type, the 4CL downregulated line showed significantly increased levels of p-hydroxycinnamic acids such as p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids. In contrast, the CAld5H upregulated line had increased content of p-coumaryl and 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohols. In the 4CL downregulated line, it was likely that most hydroxycinnamic acids were
glycosylated. These results strongly suggest that the downregulation of 4CL and upregulation of CAld5H disrupt the metabolic
flow through the cinnamate/monolignol pathway and thus alter the amount and structure of its final product, lignin. 相似文献
97.
李政萍 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2010,30(4):13-15
动物福利在养猪生产中占据着越来越重要的地位。通过对动物福利进行立法以对养猪生产者进行更多限制是一种不能永远持续的趋势。荷兰Wageningen大学从事家畜研究的Hans Spoolder博士解释了结果将如何满足。 相似文献
98.
Vaaje-Kolstad G Westereng B Horn SJ Liu Z Zhai H Sørlie M Eijsink VG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6001):219-222
Efficient enzymatic conversion of crystalline polysaccharides is crucial for an economically and environmentally sustainable bioeconomy but remains unfavorably inefficient. We describe an enzyme that acts on the surface of crystalline chitin, where it introduces chain breaks and generates oxidized chain ends, thus promoting further degradation by chitinases. This enzymatic activity was discovered and further characterized by using mass spectrometry and chromatographic separation methods to detect oxidized products generated in the absence or presence of H(2)(18)O or (18)O(2). There are strong indications that similar enzymes exist that work on cellulose. Our findings not only demonstrate the existence of a hitherto unknown enzyme activity but also provide new avenues toward more efficient enzymatic conversion of biomass. 相似文献
99.