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11.
Konstantina Bitchava Taxiarchis Chassalevris Eirini Lampou Fotini Athanassopoulou Vangelis Economou Chrysostomos I. Dovas 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(12):1773-1783
Betanodaviruses are small ssRNA viruses that cause viral encephalopathy and retinopathy, a severe neuropathological infectious disease in marine fish species worldwide. In the present study, the occurrence of betanodaviruses was investigated in wild and cultured populations of fishes and invertebrates of the Greek territorial waters. Betanodaviruses were detected in 35 species belonging to 21 families and 12 orders. To our knowledge, 23 of those are reported for the first time in Greek waters, while 11 of them are reported for the first time globally. The positive samples were subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of partial segments of RNA1 and RNA2 genes. Almost all the viruses circulating in Greece fell within RGNNV genotype, while reassortant viruses were detected in three samples, namely two inter‐RGNNV and one RGNNV/SJNNV. A novel unclassified Betanodavirus sequence was also identified. Most of the Greek sequence types have a restricted geographic distribution except for two RNA1 and one RNA2 sequence types that are widespread throughout the Mediterranean basin. The results of this study indicate the range of reservoirs/hosts of betanodaviruses and also their wide spread in the Greek territorial waters and reinforce the hypothesis that wild fish species transmit the virus to cultured ones and vice versa. 相似文献
12.
Turkevich AL Patterson JH Franzgrote EJ Sowinski KP Economou TE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1970,167(3926):1722-1724
Evidence has been obtained for a radioactive deposit on the lunar surface at Mare Tranquillitatis with a total intensity of 0.09 +/- 0.03 alpha disintegration per second per square centimeter. The presence of polonium-210 in amounts that are close to equilibrium indicates a continuous turnover rate of lunar material at this site of less than 0.1 micrometer per year. The lack of such a deposit at two other lunar sites suggests lower local concentrations of uranium there. 相似文献
13.
The backscattering of alpha particles from a radioactive source can be used to determine the amounts of heavy elements such as lead in surface materials. A light, portable instrument has been constructed that can be used as a survey meter for painted surfaces. It has a sensitivity of 0.3 percent by weight in a measurement of a few minutes. 相似文献
14.
Brownlee D Tsou P Aléon J Alexander CM Araki T Bajt S Baratta GA Bastien R Bland P Bleuet P Borg J Bradley JP Brearley A Brenker F Brennan S Bridges JC Browning ND Brucato JR Bullock E Burchell MJ Busemann H Butterworth A Chaussidon M Cheuvront A Chi M Cintala MJ Clark BC Clemett SJ Cody G Colangeli L Cooper G Cordier P Daghlian C Dai Z D'Hendecourt L Djouadi Z Dominguez G Duxbury T Dworkin JP Ebel DS Economou TE Fakra S Fairey SA Fallon S Ferrini G Ferroir T Fleckenstein H Floss C Flynn G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5806):1711-1716
The Stardust spacecraft collected thousands of particles from comet 81P/Wild 2 and returned them to Earth for laboratory study. The preliminary examination of these samples shows that the nonvolatile portion of the comet is an unequilibrated assortment of materials that have both presolar and solar system origin. The comet contains an abundance of silicate grains that are much larger than predictions of interstellar grain models, and many of these are high-temperature minerals that appear to have formed in the inner regions of the solar nebula. Their presence in a comet proves that the formation of the solar system included mixing on the grandest scales. 相似文献
15.
Dontorou A Papadopoulou C Filioussis G Apostolou I Economou V Kansouzidou A Levidiotou S 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2004,27(3):201-207
A strain of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was isolated from goat faeces during a surveillance study on the prevalence of this serotype of E. coli in farm animals in Greece. Three hundred and fifty one faecal samples were collected from goat, sheep and cattle breeding farms in the area of Epirus, Northwestern Greece. The E. coli O157:H7 isolate was nonsorbitol-fermenter, produced only VT2 and showed a beta-glucuronidase positive activity, a rather unusual biochemical feature for the E. coli O157:H7 serotype. No other strain of E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from the faecal samples of the rest farm animals examined, thus the overall prevalence of animal carriage was found to be 0.2%. The findings also indicate that goats can be a reservoir of E. coli O157:H7 and goat milk, dairy products and meat may serve as a vehicle for the pathogen transmission to humans. 相似文献
16.
Rieder R Gellert R Anderson RC Brückner J Clark BC Dreibus G Economou T Klingelhöfer G Lugmair GW Ming DW Squyres SW d'Uston C Wänke H Yen A Zipfel J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5702):1746-1749
The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer on the Opportunity rover determined major and minor elements of soils and rocks in Meridiani Planum. Chemical compositions differentiate between basaltic rocks, evaporite-rich rocks, basaltic soils, and hematite-rich soils. Although soils are compositionally similar to those at previous landing sites, differences in iron and some minor element concentrations signify the addition of local components. Rocky outcrops are rich in sulfur and variably enriched in bromine relative to chlorine. The interaction with water in the past is indicated by the chemical features in rocks and soils at this site. 相似文献
17.
Squyres SW Arvidson RE Bell JF Brückner J Cabrol NA Calvin W Carr MH Christensen PR Clark BC Crumpler L Des Marais DJ D'Uston C Economou T Farmer J Farrand W Folkner W Golombek M Gorevan S Grant JA Greeley R Grotzinger J Haskin L Herkenhoff KE Hviid S Johnson J Klingelhöfer G Knoll A Landis G Lemmon M Li R Madsen MB Malin MC McLennan SM McSween HY Ming DW Moersch J Morris RV Parker T Rice JW Richter L Rieder R Sims M Smith M Smith P Soderblom LA Sullivan R Wänke H Wdowiak T Wolff M Yen A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5685):794-799
The Mars Exploration Rover Spirit and its Athena science payload have been used to investigate a landing site in Gusev crater. Gusev is hypothesized to be the site of a former lake, but no clear evidence for lacustrine sedimentation has been found to date. Instead, the dominant lithology is basalt, and the dominant geologic processes are impact events and eolian transport. Many rocks exhibit coatings and other characteristics that may be evidence for minor aqueous alteration. Any lacustrine sediments that may exist at this location within Gusev apparently have been buried by lavas that have undergone subsequent impact disruption. 相似文献
18.
Sekanina Z Brownlee DE Economou TE Tuzzolino AJ Green SF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5678):1769-1774
We interpret the nucleus properties and jet activity from the Stardust spacecraft imaging and the onboard dust monitoring system data. Triangulation of 20 jets shows that 2 emanate from the nucleus dark side and 16 emanate from sources that are on slopes where the Sun's elevation is greater than predicted from the fitted triaxial ellipsoid. Seven sources, including five in the Mayo depression, coincide with relatively bright surface spots. Fitting the imaged jets, the spikelike temporal distribution of dust impacts indicates that the spacecraft crossed thin, densely populated sheets of particulate ejecta extending from small sources on the rotating nucleus, consistent with an emission cone model. 相似文献
19.
Cotton is still one of the most important crops in Greece despite the changes in the country’s socioeconomic status which
have reduced the total cultivated area. In order to minimize yield losses, weed control is essential during the cultivation
period. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of the prevalent weeds that escape the usual herbicide application
in the main cotton zone, located in the Karditsa prefecture. The weed densities and the irrigation methods used were recorded
in 101 sampling sites of 25 m2; the cotton crop had been grown for the last 5 years using similar weed control techniques. Existing soil maps of the area
were also used, through which soil data (texture and carbonates content) were accessed. Among the 14 weed species that have
been recorded, four were perennial (Cyperus rotundus, Convolvulus arvensis, Cynodon dactylon, Sorhum halepense) and were ranked as first, second, fourth and fifth, respectively, according to the mean density, indicating the inefficient
herbicidal control. In the fields irrigated by sprinklers, the weeds occurred in greater populations than those that occurred
in fields irrigated by drippers, at values of 4.64 and 3 weeds m-2, respectively. In terms of the studied soil properties, the distribution of C. arvensis was significantly correlated with carbonate content and soil texture in the surface soil layer. The autocorrelation analysis
showed that only perennial weeds are spatially correlated whereas the interpolated maps showed this spatial trend of weed
appearance. 相似文献
20.
G. Economou G. PanagopoulosP. Tarantilis D. KalivasV. Kotoulas I.S. TravlosM. Polysiou A. Karamanos 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,33(1):236-241
Plants belonging to four “oregano” plant species (Origanum hirtum L., Origanum onites L., Coridothymus capitatus L., and Satureja thymbra L.) were collected during flowering from 33 sites located in the eastern part of the Greek island of Ikaria in the Eastern Aegean during April, May and July 2008. C. capitatus and O. hirtum were mostly observed in higher altitudes, whereas O. onites and S. thymbra in lower ones. The spatial distribution of all species was depicted on a GIS map. All four species exhibited essential oil concentrations higher than those reported in earlier literature, namely O. onites 3-4.3%, S. thymbra 4-6.5%, C. capitatus 3.7-5.6% and O. hirtum 5.5-10.0% (v/w). Carvacrol was the main constituent of the essential oils of all species, followed by γ-terpinene, p-cymene and caryophyllene, while thymol was not detected. All constituents varied remarkably among the four species, with carvacrol exhibiting the lowest variation. Carvacrol content varied between 72.3 and 89.2% in O. onites; 46.5 and 58.0% in S. thymbra; 82.9 and 90.9% in C. capitatus; and 84.4 and 93.8% in O. hirtum. By applying hierarchical cluster analysis on the basis of the essential oil constituents two main groups, divided into four subgroups of the taxa were evident. The first group consisted of O. onites and S. thymbra, while the second one of C. capitatus and O. hirtum. The results are discussed in terms of topography and climatic variation. 相似文献