1999—2018年海口市江东新区景观格局时空演变分析

以海口市江东新区1999年、2007年、2013年和2018年Landsat遥感影像为数据源,采用监督分类与目视解译相结合的方法,将研究区分为5个景观覆盖类型,提取景观格局指数,对江东新区1999—2018年景观格局演变状况进行分析。结果表明：1999—2018年海口市江东新区景观格局发生了显著变化,景观格局逐渐呈现破碎化和单一化;研究区内斑块密度和斑块数量逐渐增加,集聚度指数、蔓延度指数和香农多样性指数均下降;优势景观从1999年的林草覆盖转变为2018年的建设用地。水域面积增长15.20%,建设用地面积增长57.47%,种植土地面积增长7.72%,林草覆盖面积减少34.51%,未利用地面积减少34.43%。     

转基因抗虫三系杂交棉邯杂棉13号选育及栽培技术

邯杂棉13号于2021年通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定,在冀中南春播植棉区平均生育期120 d,株高103.7 cm,铃重6.4 g,抗枯萎病、耐黄萎病、抗棉铃虫;2018―2019年河北省冀中南春播杂交棉区域试验中,邯杂棉13号每666.7 m²平均籽棉、皮棉和霜前皮棉产量分别为269.3 kg、113.5 kg和102.2 kg。简述了转基因抗虫三系杂交棉邯杂棉13号的选育过程、特征特性、栽培技术措施及制种技术要点。     

低聚糖对雏鸡大肠粪便NH3-N含量及肠道菌群的影响

试验选取1日龄罗曼蛋公雏250只，随机分为5组，试验组饲料或饮水中分别添加海藻糖(500mg／kg)、海藻胶(600mg／kg)、大豆寡糖(500mg／kg)、圆葱寡糖(500mg/d)。结果表明，四种低聚糖均可促进肠道乳酸菌及双歧杆菌的生长繁殖，对魏氏梭菌的生长呈现抑制作用。海藻糖、海藻胶对降低大肠粪便NH3—N含量效果不显著(P＞0．05)，而大豆寡糖效果显著(P＜0．05)，圆葱寡糖效果极显著(P＜0.01)。     

Suppression subtractive hybridization and microarray analysis reveal differentially expressed genes in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lr39/41</Emphasis>-mediated wheat resistance to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Puccinia triticina</Emphasis>

Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt) is one of the most severe fungal diseases threatening the global wheat production. The use of leaf rust resistance (Lr) genes in wheat breeding programs is the major solution to solve this issue. Wheat isogenic line carrying the Lr39/41 gene has shown a moderate to high resistance to most of the Pt pathotypes detected in China. In the present study, a typical hypersensitive response (HR) was observed using microscopy in leaves of the Lr39/41 isogenic line inoculated with the avirulent Pt pathotype THTT from 48 h-post inoculation. Two Lr39/41 resistance-associated suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) libraries with a total of 6000 clones were established. Microarray hybridizations were performed on all obtained SSH clones using RNAs extracted from leaves of the Pt-inoculated and non-inoculated Lr39/41 isogenic lines, and leaves of the Pt-inoculated and non-inoculated Thatcher susceptible lines. Differentially expressed clones were analyzed by significance analysis of microarrays (SAM), followed by further sequencing. A total of 36 Lr39/41-resistance-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, many of which had been previously reported to be involved in the plant defense response. The expression levels of eight selected DEGs during different stages of the Lr39/41-mediated resistance were further quantified by a qRT-PCR assay. Several pathogenesis-related (PR) and HR-related genes seem to be crucial for the Lr39/41-mediated resistance. In general, a brief profile of DEGs associated with the Lr39/41-mediated wheat resistance to Pt was drafted.     

西子绿梨丰产栽培技术

西子绿梨原浙江农业大学园艺系选育的早熟梨品种。我们2000年春季引入西子绿成苗试栽，2002年开始结果，2003年平均亩产达到1029kg，2005年亩产高达3126kg，由于成熟早、外观美、品质好，加之此时市场上无早熟梨上市，在枣庄市场售价为3．2元／kg，经济效益非常显著。     

Effects of chlorpyrifos in freshwater model ecosystems: the influence of experimental conditions on ecotoxicological thresholds

Three experiments were conducted to determine the impact of the insecticide chlorpyrifos (single applications of 0.01 to 10 microg AI litre(-1)) in plankton-dominated nutrient-rich microcosms. The microcosms (water volume approximately 14 litres) were established in the laboratory under temperature, light regimes and nutrient levels that simulated cool 'temperate' and warm 'Mediterranean' environmental conditions. The fate of chlorpyrifos in the water column was monitored and the effects on zooplankton, phytoplankton and community metabolism were followed for 4 or 5 weeks. The mean half-life (t1/2) of chlorpyrifos in the water of the test systems was 45 h under 'temperate' conditions and about 30 h under 'Mediterranean' environmental conditions. Microcrustaceans (cladocerans and copepod nauplii) were amongst the most sensitive organisms. All three experiments yielded community NOEC (no observed effect concentrations) of 0.1 microg AI litre(-1), similar to those derived from more complex outdoor studies. Above this threshold level, responses and effect chains, and time spans for recovery, differed between the experiments. For example, algal blooms as an indirect effect from the impact of exposure on grazing organisms were only observed under the 'Mediterranean' experimental conditions. The relatively simple indoor test system seems to be sufficient to provide estimates of safe threshold levels for the acute insecticidal effects of low-persistence compounds such as chlorpyrifos. The robustness of the community NOEC indicates that this threshold level is likely to be representative for many freshwater systems.     

恒河猴血清抗体和补体成分测定

采用全自动血液生化分析仪测定了恒河猴血清抗体和补体成分。不同性别比较，除成年组雄性IgM和C3较高、青年组雌性C4较高外(P＜0．05)，其余各组雌雄间抗体和补体值差异均不显著。不同年龄组间比较，IgG和IgA与年龄关系不密切；IgM幼年组高于青年组和成年组(P＜0．01)，也高于老年组(P＜0．05)；老年组C3和C4较低。     

人工诱变四倍体玫瑰香葡萄的遗传稳定性研究

对人工诱变的两个同源四倍体玫瑰香葡萄单株－－四玫Ⅰ和四玫Ⅱ进行细胞组织学和遗传稳定性研究,结果表明：（１）经过连续３代的扦插,其组织发生层倍性结构没有变,四玫Ⅰ仍然是４－４－４型,四玫Ⅱ仍然是２－４－４型;（２）四玫Ⅰ和四玫Ⅱ的实生苗均为４－４－４型。     

贵州不同地区辣椒风味品质研究

本试验以贵州不同生态条件下生产的辣椒为材料,研究了它们的风味营养品质差异。结果表明:贵州凉水井和果落的鲜辣椒含水量最低,干物质含量高,差异显著。其中,毕节、花溪各地(果落、茅草、下坝、湖潮、燕楼)品质较佳;毕节和花溪地区的辣椒VC含量极高,粗脂肪含量较高,粗纤维含量较低;遵义地区、花溪地区辣椒素含量较高。