典型地震灾区农业土壤重金属分布特征与评价

在典型地震灾区彭州市通济镇新黄村选取29个农业土壤样品,其中水田土壤分层采样,研究土壤Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn空间分布特征和污染程度。结果表明:该村土壤重金属含量不等,由高到低依次为Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd。区域内耕地土壤平均重金属含量高于非耕地,安置点土壤重金属平均含量高于非安置点。水田土壤重金属含量随着土层深度增加,含量逐渐减少。在同一土层,安置点土壤重金属含量高于自然水田。土壤Cd为重污染,Cu为轻污染,Zn预警,未受Pb污染,其综合污染指数为Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb。34.48%样点受污染,绝大多数为冲积平原与丘陵交界处安置点水田土壤。     

大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素B亚单位在毕赤酵母中的表达及鉴定

为了在毕赤酵母中高效表达大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素B亚单位(LTB)及研制具有粘膜免疫佐剂活性的无毒重组LTB,采用PCR方法从产毒型大肠杆菌H44815菌株扩增获得LTB完整编码区DNA,将其克隆到酵母表达载体pPIC9K的分泌信号肽基因下游,构建真核表达载体pPIC9K-LTB;重组质粒经核苷酸测序确认并线性化后电转化毕赤酵母菌株KM71,PCR筛选转化子,并以小量诱导表达筛选高效表达工程菌株,最后Western blotting分析甲醇诱导上清中的LTB及采用亲和层析和HiTrap Desalting预装柱脱盐纯化蛋白。结果表明,PCR克隆获得的LTB编码DNA序列与GenBank登录DNA序列完全一致,定向插入pPIC9K载体,可获得表达LTB的酵母分泌表达载体pPIC9K-LTB;电转化后的重组酵母菌KM71诱导表达产物经SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析,发现甲醇诱导的培养基上清中含LTB,且具有较好的免疫原性。     

几种微量元素作用及对水稻发育的影响

硅、锌、锰、硼、硒是植物生长发育中不可缺少的微量元素,植物将土壤中的微量元素转化成有机物,直接影响到人类的健康。大量试验结果证明,适量施用微肥可以明显提高水稻产量,改善水稻品质,增强水稻抗逆性和抗病性。我国在微肥方面的研究也取得较大成就。     

Isolation and Characterization of GhLEA3 Gene from Upland Cotton and Its Expression in Response to Low Temperature Stress

[Objective] Based on the analysis of cotton GhLEA3 gene structure and its expression model in chilling stress, we investigated the resistance function of GhLEA3 in response to cold stress. [Method] We cloned GhLEA3 from upland cotton by homologous sequence cloning way. We analyzed the properties of the GhLEA3, and constructed phylogenetic tree by bioinformatics analysis. We constructed the transient expression vector 35S∷GhLEA3-GFP by In-Fusion connection technology and studied the subcellular localization of GhLEA3. The expression of GhLEA3 gene in leaves of TM-1 at three-leaf stage under low temperature stress treatments (4 ℃, 24 h) was performed. Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated floral dipping method was used to transform the gene with expression vector 35S∷GhLEA3-GFP into Arabidopsis thaliana wild type. Low temperature germination experiment at 4 ℃ was conducted to verify germination ability of the transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana T₃ seed. The transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings were treated at 4 ℃(low temperature), and all the leaves were taken to measure their electrical conductivity. [Result] The coding sequence of GhLEA3 gene is 1 218 bp, which encodes 405 amino acids. GhLEA3 protein includes 4 functional domains of PF02987. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the similarity of amino acid sequences between upland cotton GhLEA3 and Arabidopsis thaliana AtLEA3 was 52.6%. GhLEA3 might be mainly localized in vacuoles and small vesicles. GhLEA3 was up-regulated in leaves after low temperature treatment. The germination rate of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana of T₃ generation at low temperature was significantly higher than that of wild type, and its electrical conductivity of leaves after low temperature treatment was significantly lower than that of wild type. [Conclusion] GhLEA3 belonged to the member of LEA3 family. Phylogenetic analysis showed that GhLEA3 had the closest relationship with AtLEA3. GhLEA3 was induced by low temperature stress and may play an important role in improving cold resistance.     

气候因子对共和盆地木格滩荒漠化的影响

为探明青海省共和盆地木格滩地区荒漠化的形成机制,利用共和盆地木格滩气象站1968-2010年气候资料,研究了气温、降水、蒸发以及大风等气候因子的变化特征及其对荒漠化的影响.结果表明,木格滩荒漠区总体气候呈现出气温显著升高,降水量微弱减少,蒸发量、日照时数和大风日数显著减少的趋势.冬春季大风和沙尘暴日数占全年的82.9%...     

不同饲养阶段猪粪中微量元素含量水平调查研究

通过调查取样测定的方法研究了北京地区规模化养殖场不同饲养阶段猪粪中常见微量元素的含量水平。结果表明:各饲养阶段猪的粪便中微量元素含量差异显著;从平均含量水平来看,猪粪中铜锌呈现相同的规律,即仔猪粪>育肥猪粪>种猪粪,猪粪中镉含量的规律为种猪粪>仔猪粪>育肥猪粪,猪粪中砷含量的规律为育肥猪粪>仔猪粪>种猪粪;猪粪中的铜锌砷超标率均为100.00%,铜的最高含量可达1170.00mg/kg,锌的最高含量可达1860.00mg/kg,砷的最高含量可达104.00mg/kg;猪粪中的镉含量均不超标;为了有效减少粪便中的微量元素含量,必须严格控制饲料中微量元素的添加量。     

凉山州土壤养分与烤烟化学成分间的典型相关分析

采用典型相关分析方法考察了凉山烟区烤烟的主要化学指标与土壤养分之间的关系。分析结果表明:烤烟糖类化合物与土壤养分之间、含氮化合物与土壤养分之间、无机物质与土壤养分之间均有1对典型相关系数达到5%显著水平。由各组变量之间的典型变量构成的相关系数可知:烟叶的总糖、还原糖含量与土壤的全氮、碱解氮、水溶性氯的含量呈显著负相关;烟叶的挥发性碱含量与土壤中速效钾含量呈显著负相关;烟叶的硫酸根含量与土壤中有效硫含量呈显著正相关。     

蔓荆子种子带菌检测及杀菌剂消毒处理效果

研究全国不同产地的蔓荆子种子寄藏真菌的情况,鉴定优势菌种并比较不同杀菌剂的处理效果,为蔓荆子种子播种前的预处理和种子真菌病害提供依据.采用离体平皿法对全国13个产地的蔓荆子种子进行带菌检测,分别用拌种法和浸种法对种子进行处理并测定7种杀菌剂对种子的消毒处理效果.结果表明:种子表面携带的优势菌群为青霉属(Penicill...     

2010年我国生猪市场分析与2011年展望

2010年初,受多种因素影响,国内猪肉供给出现阶段性增加,而市场需求又呈季节性下降,由此造成国内猪肉价格持续下跌。持续下跌的猪肉价格对相关产业链带来不利影响,养殖户更是亏损严重。为了稳定生猪市场,从4月份开始国家先后5次启动冻猪肉收储政策。受此政策支撑,6～10月份,国内猪肉价格连续快速回升。11～12月份,受国家抛售冻猪肉稳定物价影响,国内猪肉价格开始走稳。展望2011年,预计猪价将在养殖成本上升和需求增加等因素的影响下,继续保持高位运行。