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191.
Toshio Akiyama Takeshi Murai Yasuhiro Hirasawa Takeshi Nose 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1984,37(3):217-222
In a 6-week feeding experiment, chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, swim-up fry, were fed fish meal diets supplemented with silkworm pupae powder (5%), dried beef liver (5%), krill meal (5%) or earthworm powder (5%) at the expense of fish meal, or substituting glucose (13%) for dextrin. Fish fed the diet with earthworm powder showed the best growth performance (675% weight gain in 6 weeks) and feed efficiency (117%). The growth rate and feed efficiency of the krill meal group were also significantly better than those of the control group (without supplement or substitution). Substitution of glucose and supplementation of silkworm pupae or beef liver failed to improve the growth rate, but significantly improved feed efficiency. Food consumption of fish fed the diet supplemented with earthworms was lowest, and none of the dietary treatments appreciably increased food intake of the fish over that of the control group. The dietary group receiving earthworm powder also showed significantly higher body fat content than the remaining dietary groups. No significant differences were noted in body protein and ash contents among all dietary treatments. 相似文献
192.
Yoshinori MATSUDA Yuichiro IIDA Takeshi SHINOGI Koji KAKUTANI Teruo NONOMURA Hideyoshi TOYODA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(4):318-324
A chitosan-degrading bacterium, isolated from field soil that had been amended with chitin, was identified as Sphingobacterium multivorum KST-009 on the basis of its bacteriological characteristics. The extracellular chitosanase (SM1) secreted by KST-009 was a
34-kDa protein and could be purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel permeation column chromatography and SDS
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A chitosanase gene (csnSM1) was isolated from genomic DNA of the bacteria, and the entire nucleotide sequence of the gene and the partial N-terminal
amino acid sequence of the purified SM1 were determined. The csnSM1 gene was found to encode 383 amino acids, 72 N-terminal amino acid residues were processed to produce the mature enzyme
during the secretion process. Germinated microconidia of four formae speciales (lycopersici, radicis-lycopersici, melonis, and fragariae ) of Fusarium oxysporum were treated with SM1. Chitosanase treatment caused morphological changes, such as swelling of hyphal cells or indistinctness
of hyphal cell tips and cessation or reduction of mycelial elongation.
Received 2 May 2001/ Accepted in revised form 21 June 2001 相似文献
193.
Takeshi Tsuka Yasuho Taura Shingo Okamura Hidenori Tamura Yoshiharu Okamoto Yasuhiko Okamura Saburo Minami 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(2):149-151
A 2-month-old mix-breed calf developed acute blindness and ataxia. Serum thiamine concentration was deficient. In antemortem magnetic resonance imaging there were laminar T2-hyperintense regions extending along the cerebral cortex that primarily affected the gray matter. The lesions were relatively symmetric between the left and right hemispheres but no abnormalities were present at the frontal lobes. At necropsy, laminar autofluorescence of the cerebral cortex was observed under ultraviolet exposure at 365 nm, consistent with a diagnosis of polioencephalomalacia. Polioencephalomalacia in the bovine species is compared with that in other species, namely humans, dogs, and cats. 相似文献
194.
Differentiation of Rhizoctonia AG-D Isolates from Turfgrass into Subgroups I and II Based on rDNA and RAPD Analyses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Takeshi Toda Mitsuro Hyakumachi Haruhisa Suga Koji Kageyama Akemi Tanaka Toshikazu Tani 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1999,105(9):835-846
Binucleate Rhizoctonia anastomosis group (AG) D is the cause of rhizoctonia-patch and elephant-footprint diseases of zoysiagrass, and winter-patch disease of bentgrass. Rhizoctonia AG-D is also known as the causal pathogen of other diseases such as sharp-eye-spot of cereals, foot-rot of cereals and winter-stem-rot of mat rush. Isolates of AG-D have been divided into the two subgroups AG-D (I) and AG-D (II), based on the results of cultural characteristics and pathogenicity tests. Isolates obtained from zoysiagrass exhibiting symptoms of rhizoctonia-patch disease, from bentgrass with winter-patch disease, from wheat with foot-rot disease, and from mat rush with winter-stem-rot disease were reported to belong to subgroup AG-D (I). On the other hand, isolates obtained from zoysiagrass with elephant-footprint disease were assigned to subgroup AG-D (II). To confirm the existence of these two subgroups in AG-D, the genetic structure of AG-D isolates from turfgrass and other crops was compared. RFLP analysis of the ITS region from rDNA after digestion with the restriction enzymes EcoRI, HaeIII, HhaI, HinfI, and MboI separated AG-D isolates into two groups corresponding to AG-D (I) and AG-D (II). Furthermore, other AGs except AG-Q (AGs-A, Ba, Bb, C, E, F, G, I, K, L, O, P, and R. solani AG1-IC) did not have the same patterns that were seen for the two AG-D subgroups. AG-Q isolates from bentgrass showed the same patterns as AG-D (I). The results of the RAPD analysis also revealed the existence of two groups that corresponded to AG-D (I) and AG-D (II). These analyses revealed that Rhizoctonia AG-D isolates from turfgrass could be divided into two subgroups consistent with those based on cultural characteristics and pathogenicity. In addition, isolates of foot-rot disease of wheat and isolates of winter-stem-rot disease of mat rush whose cultural characteristics were the same as those of AG-D (I) also showed similar RFLP and RAPD patterns to those of AG-D (I) isolates from turfgrass. 相似文献
195.
The importance of greenery in urban areas has traditionally been discussed from ecological and esthetic perspectives, as well as in public health and social science fields. The recent advancements in empirical studies were enabled by the combination of ‘big data’ of streetscapes and automated image recognition. However, the existing methods of automated image recognition for urban greenery have problems such as the confusion of green artificial objects and the excessive cost of model training. To ameliorate the drawbacks of existing methods, this study proposes to apply a patch-based semantic segmentation method for determining the green view index of certain urban areas by using Google Street View imagery and the ‘chopped picture method’. We expect that our method will contribute to expanding the scope of studies on urban greenery in various fields. 相似文献
196.
Shinichiro HIRAI Eiji YOKOYAMA Yuh SHIWA Taichiro ISHIGE Naoshi ANDO Takeshi SHIMIZU Satoshi MURAKAMI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(10):1399
Eighty strains of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7/H- were analyzed by three single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels using whole-genome sequencing data. The partial concordance of SNP types among the different SNP panels was observed on minimum spanning trees reconstructed with SNP data. As for lineage I/II strains, some of the clade 7 strains belonged to one unique SNP type as determined by three panels, suggesting that clade 7 should be divided into at least two genotypes, namely, the unique type and the rest. In addition, clade 8 contained two unique genotypes, which was consistent with the previous prediction. Similarly, for lineage II, clade 12 should be divided into three genotype strains. In contrast, many strains of several clades belonging to lineage I were clustered into the same node on each minimum spanning tree upon testing with the three SNP panels. Previous studies reported that lineage I diverged more recently than lineages I/II and II. Such low diversity in lineage I in this study may have arisen because this lineage has not accumulated SNPs because of its relatively recent divergence. Based on the concordance observed in this study, some of the previously published O157 genotype distribution data were successfully interpreted to clarify the clade distribution, which was well supported by previous literature. 相似文献
197.
Tomoko SUZUKI Takeshi SHINOGI Kazutoshi UNNO Yoshihiro NARUSAKA Pyoyun PARK 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(4):267-276
This fluorescence and immunoelectron microscopic study showed that β-1,3-D-glucan accumulated only in leaves of a susceptible cultivar of Japanese pear after treatment with a host-specific toxin,
AK-toxin I, from Alternate, alternata Japanese pear pathotype. The positive fluorescent reaction of callose was detected only in aniline blue fluorochrome-stained
sections from toxin-treated leaves of the susceptible cultivar: positive sites were observed on cell walls of leaf cells.
The sites of callose deposition were probably consistent spatially with modified sites on the plasma membrane that were observed
only in the toxin-treated leaves of the susceptible cultivar. The toxin-induced modifications, identified as damage to the
plasma membrane, were characterized by invagination of the plasmalemma specifically at plasmodesmata and as the concomitant
accumulation of extracellular polysaccharides at the invaginated sites. A positive reaction to anti-β-1,3-D-glucan antibody was detected at the polysaccharides, Golgi vesicles, and trans-Golgi network (TGN) of toxin-treated leaves of the susceptible cultivar, but not at Golgi vesicles and TGN of water-treated
ones. The cis-, medial and trans-Golgi stacks of toxin-treated leaves of the susceptible cultivar were negative for the antibody. The results showed that
the polysaccharides, Golgi vesicles and TGN contained abundant β-1,3-D-glucan and that the glucan was transported from the Golgi apparatus via Golgi vesicles to the modified sites in cells of toxin-treated leaves of the susceptible cultivar.
Received 7 March 2002/ Accepted in revised form 10 June 2002 相似文献
198.
199.
Saito Y Itagaki S Otsuka Y Kobayashi Y Okumura H Kobayashi M Hirano T Iseki K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(15):6100-6104
In clinical, patients usually take many kinds of drugs at the same time. Thus, drug-drug interactions involving transporters can often directly affect the therapeutic safety and efficacy of many important drugs. However, there have been few studies on food-drug interactions involving transporters. Dietary polyphenols have been widely assumed to be beneficial for human health. Polyphenols are found ubiquitously, and they are commercially prepared and used as functional foods. We have reported that ferulic acid, which is one of the most well-known polyphenols and is used as a functional food, affected the transport of nateglinide, an antidiabetic drug, by Caco-2 cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of other polyphenols on the nateglinide/H(+) transport system. We report here that caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid have a different inhibitory manner on the uptake of nateglinide. The results of this study are useful to identify the substrate specificity of the nateglinide/H(+) cotransporter. 相似文献
200.
Dysferlin (DYSF) is involved in the membrane-repair process, in the intracellular vesicle system and in T-tubule development in skeletal muscle. It interacts with mitsugumin 53, annexins, caveolin-3, AHNAK, affixin, S100A10, calpain-3, tubulin and dihydropyridine receptor. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2B (LGMD2B) and Miyoshi myopathy (MM) are muscular dystrophies associated with recessively inherited mutations in the DYSF gene. The diseases are characterized by weakness and muscle atrophy that progress slowly and symmetrically in the proximal muscles of the limb girdles. LGMD2B and MM, which are collectively termed "dysferlinopathy", both lead to abnormalities in vesicle traffic and membrane repair at the plasma membrane in muscle fibers. SJL/J (SJL) and A/J mice are naturally occurring animal models for dysferlinopathy. Since there has been no an approach to therapy for dysferlinopathy, the immediate development of a therapeutic method for this genetic disorder is desirable. The murine models are useful in verification experiments for new therapies and they are valuable tools for identifying factors that accelerate dystrophic changes in skeletal muscle. It could be possible that the genetic or immunological background in SJL or A/J mice could modify muscle damage in experiments involving these models, because SJL and A/J mice show differences in the progress and prevalent sites of skeletal muscle lesions as well as in the gene-expression profiles of their skeletal muscle. In this review, we provide up-to-date information on the function of dysferlin, the development of possible therapies for muscle dystrophies (including dysferlinopathy) and the detection of new therapeutic targets for dysferlinopathy by means of experiments using animal models for dysferlinopathy. 相似文献