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101.
Naziroğlu M Güler T Yüce A 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2002,49(5):251-255
The effects of vitamin E on pH value, total protozoa counts, volatile fatty acid (VFA), ammonia nitrogen and lactate levels were examined using an in vitro ruminal incubation system. The ruminal fluid (100 ml) of the first and second group was supplemented with 0.4 mg or 0.8 mg of vitamin E, respectively. Samples were taken immediately before and following 3, 6, 12 and 24 h of incubation at 39 degrees C and analysed for the total protozoa counts, the pH and the levels of ammonia nitrogen, lactate and VFA. Levels of propionate at 24 h and ammonia nitrogen at 12 and 24 h were significantly higher in the second group than in the control. In contrast, the levels of butyrate at 6, 12 and 24 h and lactate at 6, 12 and 24 h were lower in the second group than in the control. Propionate at 24 h, acetate levels at 6, 12 and 24 hand ammonia nitrogen levels at 6, 12 and 24 h and total rumen protozoa counts at 6, 12 and 24 h were significantly higher in the second group as compared with control. In contrary, butyrate levels at 6, 12 and 24 h, lactate levels at 6, 12 and 24 h were lower in second group than in control. There was no statistically significant difference among the groups in the pH values. In conclusion, the addition of vitamin E to in vitro ruminal fluid was found to increase the concentrations of acetate and propionate, total counts of protozoa, levels of ammonia nitrogen, but to decrease the butyrate and lactate levels of the ruminal aliquots in in vitro ruminal fermentation. 相似文献
102.
A total of 10 adult, healthy, male chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) were used to investigate the vessels originating from aortic arch. Coloured latex was injected into the carotid arteries following conventional anatomical applications in all the chinchillas examined. The brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery arose from the aortic arch at the level of the second intercostal region in the thoracic cavity. The right and left subclavian arteries detached branches at the level of first intercostal region and divided into the following vessels: internal thoracic artery, dorsal scapular artery, vertebral artery, superficial cervical artery and axillar artery. The vessels originating from the aortic arch displayed some significant differences in chinchillas compared to rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, porcupines and other laboratory rodents. 相似文献
103.
104.
M. Kalayci A. Alkan I. Çakmak O. Bayramoğlu A. Yilmaz M. Aydin V. Ozbek H. Ekiz F. Ozberisoy 《Euphytica》1998,100(1-3):123-129
Experiments were carried out to study the differential responses of different wheat cultivars to boron toxicity in field,
greenhouse and growth chamber conditions. In field trials carried out at two locations, both of which are known to contain
toxic amounts of water-extractable B, significant correlations were obtained between toxicity symptoms and grain yields. The
only durum cultivar included in this group of experiments (Kunduru 1149) was the most sensitive of the 21 cultivars trialed.
The most tolerant cultivars were of local origin. Genotype-environment interaction was considerably large. Twenty-nine bread
wheat and three durum wheat cultivars were compared in a greenhouse experiment with and without the application of 40 mg L-1 B. Again, the durums were the most sensitive cultivars. The most tolerant cultivars were either selections from local populations
or had at least one parent of local origin. The detrimental effect of B on root dry matter production was much higher than
on shoot dry matter (45 and 26%, respectively), but genotypical variation was greater in shoot growth retardation. While this
implies the possible role of reduced translocation, high concentrations of B in the shoots of tolerant cultivars (though lower
than in the sensitive cultivars) indicated the existence of other contributing mechanisms, such as tissue tolerance. Also,
greater genotypical variation in older leaves showed that reduced uptake might be more important than reduced translocation
in some cases. Due to the lack of correlation between results from the field and the controlled-environment studies, it was
concluded that screenings should be undertaken in both situations as a means of verification. Another conclusion drawn was
that symptom scoring for B tolerance was more reliable than measuring plant B concentrations.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
105.
Fisheries Science - Intensive commercial harvesting of the wedge clam Donax trunculus and the striped venus Chamelea gallina was conducted along the southern coast of the Marmara Sea using a... 相似文献
106.
Funda Oskay Zeynep Tunalı Asko T. Lehtijärvi Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş-Lehtijärvi Steve Woodward Martin Mullett 《Plant pathology》2020,69(8):1551-1564
Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) is a serious disease of the Pinaceae, mainly Pinus species, caused by the fungi Dothistroma septosporum and D. pini. Both species are regarded as invasive forest pathogens worldwide, with rising incidence in central and northern Europe over the last three decades. In this work, 29 sites were investigated between 2013 and 2015 in south-western Turkey. Morphological examination of needles confirmed DNB infection (i.e., Dothistroma conidiospores observed) at 18 sites, and a total of 108 Dothistroma sp. isolates were obtained from 11 of the sites. Host age seemed to be an important factor in both occurrence and severity of DNB in Pinus brutia forests. Continuous rainy days, especially in December, may increase severity of disease; however, extreme rain events may reduce available conidiospores on plant tissues or in the air. Species-specific mating type primers showed that all isolates were D. septosporum; D. pini was not detected. The mating type ratio was close to 1:1, indicating sexual recombination was occurring. Eleven microsatellite markers revealed 59 unique multilocus haplotypes (MLHs) among the 73 isolates originating from different conidiomata. The majority of MLHs were represented by a single isolate (n = 52) and only one MLH was shared between two localities. Analyses showed high genetic diversity, isolation-by-distance, and clear population clusters. These findings suggest that D. septosporum is well established in south-western Turkey and is probably not a recent introduction. 相似文献
107.
The aim of this study was to determine the spermatological characteristics in male L. abu during the spawning season. Semen was collected weekly by abdominal massage from 26 males in March. In collected semen, volume,
motility, duration of motility, concentration and pH were determined. In the L. abu sperm, volume (μl), motility (%), duration of motility (s), concentration (×109/ml), and pH values were found 45.76 ± 3.55, 54.25 ± 2.93, 330.15 ± 37.92, 4.27 ± 0.40 and 7.87 ± 0.05, respectively. A correlation
was found between semen volume and semen pH. Semen volume and the duration of sperm motility were higher in the 2nd and 3rd
sampling dates than in the 1st and 4th sampling dates (P < 0.05; P < 0.01, respectively). Neither sperm motility nor sperm concentration was affected by sampling dates. Major changes in semen
pH were observed in the 4th sampling date (P < 0.001). The Pearson correlation test presented significant relationships with the duration of motility, semen volume, and
motility. Semen pH values were significantly correlated with the sperm concentration and semen volume. Sperm concentration
was inversely correlated with semen volume. Sperm motility and duration significantly correlated with total weight. Total
length significantly correlated with the duration of motility and total weight. In conclusion, these characteristics represent
a valuable baseline dataset for establishing a semen quality standard and provide background information that may be useful
for assisted breeding programs in this species. 相似文献
108.
Maden M Altunok V Birdane FM Aslan V Nizamlioğlu M 《Research in veterinary science》2001,71(2):141-145
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase enzyme activities, and total protein (TP), calcium, inorganic phosphate, urea nitrogen (UN) and creatinine concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were investigated for their relative importance in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases in dogs. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was obtained from 26 dogs (20 with respiratory diseases and six controls) following anaesthesia with sodium pentothal. Enzyme activities and biochemical parameters were measured in BAL fluid. LDH and ALP levels were significantly increased in 12 dogs with bronchopneumonia, but not in eight dogs with tracheobronchitis. Insignificant and variable levels of TP and UN concentrations were found in both groups. It was concluded that LDH and ALP enzyme activities could be considered as pointers to pulmonary inflammation and/or damage while TP and UN measurements in BAL fluid may have a place in the identification of changes in respiratory and vascular permeability. 相似文献
109.
This study was carried out to record the detailed morphometric structure of the trachea in dogs using 15 female and four male healthy adult mongrel dogs. The diameter and thickness of each tracheal ring were measured, the number of tracheal rings varying from 36 to 45. All data were subjected to statistical analysis which was carried out on individual sections of the trachea, i.e. the cranial cervical, middle cervical, thoracic inlet and the intrathoracic tracheal regions, which consisted of 12, 12, nine and 12 tracheal rings, respectively. Fusion of the tracheal rings was especially obvious in the cranial cervical and thoracic inlet regions as a result of neck movements. The diameter and thickness of the tracheal rings are smallest at the thoracic inlet level because the direction of the trachea changes at this point where the thoracic inlet is relatively small and surrounded by bone. The ratios of inner transverse to inner vertical and outer transverse to outer vertical diameters were almost the same, between 1.14 and 1.25 in all regions, which indicated that the trachea is near-circular in shape in the dog. At the thoracic inlet level cross-sectional lumen areas are 7 and 6% smaller than those in the middle cervical and intrathoracic regions, respectively. The thinnest cartilage was seen at the thoracic inlet level where there is a risk of tracheal collapse. 相似文献
110.
Sarimehmetoğlu HO Burgu A Aycicek H Gönenç B Tanyuksel M Kara M 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2001,108(9):390-392
A Western blotting procedure with excretory/secretory antigens from Toxocara canis larvae was developed for immunodiagnosis of visceral larva migrans in mice. In this study, eighty Swiss albino mice were allotted into two groups of 40 each as control and experimental groups, and T. canis ova containing infective larvae were given to mice in the latter group to form visceral larva migrans. Blood samples were taken from 5 infected and 5 control mice on days 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 after infection. After bleeding, the mice were necropsied. Slides were prepared from their brain tissues and examined for visceral larva migrans. Following this procedure, their guts were also examined for intestinal parasites. Protein bands of excretory/secretory antigens of 2nd stage larvae of Toxocara canis were determined by using SDS-PAGE. Sera from the mice were tested by Western blotting and results were compared to the protein bands obtained by SDS-PAGE to determine specific bands. Specific protein bands for visceral larva migrans were determined as 24, 28, and 48 kDa according to our test results. 相似文献