棉纤维总RNA提取方法的比较与分析

【目的】筛选适合棉纤维总RNA的提取方法,并对其进行改良,以满足转录组和表达谱测序要求。【方法】采用三种方法提取棉纤维总RNA,即改良的热硼酸法、Trizol法和离心柱试剂盒法。【结果】改良的热硼酸法提取的棉纤维总RNA质量最好,同时对该方法的改良更适合不同时期相同棉花品种和相同时期不同棉花品种棉纤维总RNA的提取。【结论】通过比较棉纤维总RNA的提取方法,发现改良的热硼酸法提取棉纤维总RNA质量最好,且对该方法的改良提取的总RNA更能够满足转录组和表达谱测序的要求。     

广州地区烟粉虱寄主植物调查初报

调查记录了广州地区烟粉虱的寄主植物，经鉴定达46科123属176种（变种），主要集中在茄科、葫芦科、豆科、十字花科、菊料和大戟科，其中包括蔬菜、果树、花卉、园林植物、经济作物和杂草等。并根据寄主植物上烟粉虱的数量将烟粉虱的为害程度划分成4个不同的等级。     

复合生物杀虫剂防治刚竹毒蛾研究

应用苏云金杆菌 80 1 0、白僵菌建瓯菌株、保丰 3种杀虫剂对 2～ 3龄刚竹毒蛾幼虫进行毒力测定 ,筛选出复合生物杀虫剂最佳组合为苏云金杆菌 1 .6× 1 0 6个孢子 / m L+白僵菌 1 .4× 1 0 6个孢子 / m L+保丰 60 0 0倍液 .应用复合生物杀虫剂与低浓度的 2 0 %杀灭菊酯混合 ,分别对2～ 3龄幼虫进行毒力测定和林间防治试验 ,试验表明 :苏云金杆菌 1 .6× 1 0 7个孢子 / m L+白僵菌 1 .4× 1 0 8个孢子 / m L+保丰 40 0 0倍液 +杀灭菊酯 1 0 0 0 0倍液为林间防治 2～ 3龄幼虫的最佳组合 ;复合生物杀虫剂添加低浓度的杀灭菊酯有一定的增效作用     

松墨天牛幼虫在马尾松树上垂直分布的研究

松墨天牛在被害马尾松树上的分布研究表明 :松墨天牛幼虫的数量随胸径的增大而增多 ;带虫株率随胸径的增大而减少 ;幼虫在树干上的分布数量下段 >中段 >梢段 .树干 2 m以下带虫量占整株的 2 0 .35 % ,因此 ,在虫情调查时可以调查 2 m以下的树干来估测全树的虫口密度 .为虫情调查和综合防治提供科学的依据     

农业科研院校科技档案信息化管理体系在科研绩效评价中的作用

简述农业科研院校科技档案的内涵及作用,分析农业科研院校科技档案管理存在的问题,提出构建农业科研院校科技档案信息化管理体系的建议。     

Guanine-cytosine contents of the host and symbiont cDNA in a symbiotic coral

ABSTRACT:   Hermatypic (reef-building) corals harbor dinoflagellate endo-symbionts Symbiodinium spp. In studying gene expression in such symbiotic corals, problems arise regarding how to distinguish the coral and symbiont mRNA, and how to estimate their fractions in the mRNA population of the holobiont (symbiotic complex of the coral and Symbiodinium cells). In this study, these issues were addressed using juveniles of hermatypic coral Acropora tenuis in symbiosis with Symbiodinium cells of strain PL-TS-1. First, the guanine-cytosine (GC) contents were determined in expressed sequence tags (EST) from PL-TS-1 cells cultured in vitro and symbiont-free larvae of A. tenuis , and their average GC contents were found to be significantly different. The average GC content of the EST from the holobiont was much closer to that of A. tenuis larvae, suggesting that the majority (>90%) of mRNA isolated from the holobiont originated in the host. In protein-coding sequences, little overlap was observed between the GC-content distributions of PL-TS-1 cells and A. tenuis larvae. All of the coding sequences ( n  = 59) found in the A. tenuis EST had GC contents below 0.5, whereas the GC content exceeded 0.5 in the majority (43/44) of coding sequences from the nuclear genome of PL-TS-1 cells.     

不同来源品种在长江下游麦区的溶剂保持力特性及相关分析

为给弱筋小麦育种提供指导,收集了195份来自不同麦区的小麦品种,分别于2008和2009年秋播种植于江苏扬州,并对收获种子进行了4种SRC(包括水、乳酸、碳酸钠和蔗糖SRC)、硬度及蛋白质含量的检测。结果表明,4种SRC、硬度和蛋白质含量在品种间及年度间差异均达极显著水平。两年度均以水SRC含量最低,分别为87.27%和77.54%;乳酸SRC次低,分别为95.99%和84.17%;蔗糖SRC和碳酸钠SRC年度间互有高低,其平均值均大于100%。4种SRC值间存在极显著正相关,其中2009年乳酸SRC和碳酸钠SRC之间的相关系数达0.607,2010年乳酸SRC和水SRC之间的相关系数达0.675。硬度与水、乳酸、碳酸钠等3种SRC及"面筋性能指数"存在极显著正相关,其中与乳酸SRC的两年相关系数分别高达0.721和0.779。蛋白质含量与乳酸、蔗糖、碳酸钠等3种SRC相关极显著但相关系数较小。从参试品种中筛选出了SRC两年均表现较低的品种皖麦50、扬辐麦3046、宁麦8号、豫麦49、扬麦19等,在育种中可更好地加以利用。在育种中主要可利用水SRC和乳酸SRC以及硬度检测来提高弱筋小麦育种效率。     

Glu A1和 Glu D1位点高分子量谷蛋白亚基共同缺失对弱筋小麦品质的影响

为了研究高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMWGS)缺失对小麦品质的影响,以 GluA1和 GluD1位点HMWGS共同缺失材料2GS041410作供体亲本,以弱筋小麦品种扬麦13和扬麦18作轮回亲本进行回交,构建不同遗传背景的BC¹F³和BC²F³群体,测定受体、供体亲本的品质,以及回交群体BC¹F³和BC²F³中 GluA1和 GluD1位点HMWGS共同缺失纯合单株及两位点均正常表达纯合单株的品质。结果表明,供体2GS041410具有较低的SDS沉降值、较短的面团形成时间和稳定时间;在BC¹F³和BC²F³中, GluA1和 GluD1位点HMWGS共同缺失对蛋白含量影响不显著,但可显著或极显著降低SDS沉降值和水溶剂保持力(SRC)。 GluA1和 GluD1位点HMWGS双缺失在弱筋小麦品质育种中具有一定的应用价值。     

Arbuscular mycorrhizal-like fungi and glomalin-related soil protein drive the distributions of carbon and nitrogen in a large scale

Purpose

Arbuscular mycorrhizal-like fungi (AM-like fungi) are crucial for ecosystem functioning and soil organic matter (SOM) is an indicator of soil quality. However, the spatial distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal-like fungi, glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) and SOM in a large scale is still unclear. The objectives of this study were to investigate the spatial distribution of SOM, arbuscular mycorrhizal-like fungi and GRSP, and reveal the potential relationship among them in a large scale across China.

Materials and methods

Soil samples (different in vegetation type, climate, and soil variables) were collected from 26 sites in a large scale across China. The soil properties including pH, total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and SOM were determined. Quantitative PCR amplification of the 18S rRNA gene was conducted to evaluate the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal-like fungi. The contents of easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP), difficultly extractable GRSP (DE-GRSP), and total GRSP (T-GRSP) were measured.

Results and discussion

Arbuscular mycorrhizal-like fungi abundance was significantly affected by the vegetation type and dramatically correlated with the soil TN and mean annual precipitation (MAP). EE-GRSP and DE-GRSP were more associated with the TC and TN content, respectively. The abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal-like fungi significantly but weakly correlated with the T-GRSP and EE-GRSP. The SOM content positively correlated with the DE-GRSP and T-GRSP. Those results suggested that the arbuscular mycorrhizal-like fungi are a larger contributor to regulating the content of GRSP, which is an important indicator of the soil organic carbon pool.

Conclusions

Our results indicated that arbuscular mycorrhizal-like fungi abundance has a greater contribution to driving the distribution of soil C and N in a large scale by affecting the content of glomalin-related soil protein.