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排序方式: 共有250条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Masaru Terasaki Bhaskar Narayan Hiroyuki Kamogawa Masatoshi Nomura Nimish Mol Stephen Chikara Kawagoe 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(5):468-479
An improved multi-step gradient reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to simultaneously separate major carotenoids from natural as well as food samples was developed. Quantitative profiling of carotenoid compounds was carried out on three edible brown seaweeds (Sargassum horneri, Cystoseira hakodatensis, and Undaria pinnatifida) and three red seaweeds (Gracilaria vermiculophylla, Grateloupia asiatica, and Grateloupia livida). Fucoxanthin (Fx) was detected in all the brown seaweeds with quantities (mg g?1 dry weight [dwt]) ranging from 1.3 ± 0.3 in C. hakodatensis to 2.4 ± 0.1 in S. horneri. U. pinnatifida, commonly known as wakame, had a Fx content of 2.3 ± 0.1 mg g?1 dwt. In the case of red seaweeds, zeaxanthin (Zx) was the major carotenoid, and G. vermiculophylla had the highest Zx content (80.2 μg g?1 dwt) among the red seaweeds apart from small amounts of Fx (9.1 μg g?1 dwt). Similarly, the other two species of red seaweeds, G. asiatica and G. livida, contained (μg g?1 dwt) lutein (Lut), Fx, and Zx as the major carotenoids (G. asiatica: Lut 10.4, Fx 1.5, Zx 1.1; G. livida: Lut 9.3, Fx 3.5, Zx 1.0). The results suggest the usefulness of edible varieties (barring wakame) of seaweeds as dietary sources of carotenoids. 相似文献
102.
Tadahide Kurokawa Hideyuki Shibahara Koichiro Gen Kazuharu Nomura Hideki Tanaka 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(4):673-680
The present study analyzed the rate of occurrence of deformities at completion of yolk resorption after Japanese eel larvae were exposed to low-salinity (29 psu) or low-water-temperature (20 °C) conditions (after they had been reared under suitable conditions: 34 psu, 25 °C) at various points between 0 and 8 days post-fertilization (dpf) in order to determine the period of sensitivity of the larvae to low-salinity or low-temperature conditions. No significant differences were observed between the rate of deformed larvae obtained in the groups reared under suitable conditions and the corresponding rates in groups that were exposed to low-salinity or low-temperature conditions at 4 dpf or later, but the frequency of normal larvae showed a downward trend in experimental groups that were subjected to low-salinity or low-temperature conditions at 3 dpf or earlier. Occurrence rates of pericardial edema were significantly higher in experimental groups that were exposed to low-salinity or low-temperature conditions at 2 dpf or earlier. Therefore, it was concluded that the rearing conditions for Japanese eel larvae should be maintained at 34 psu salinity and 25 °C until at least 4 dpf in order to reduce the occurrence of larval deformity at completion of yolk resorption. 相似文献
103.
To elucidate the mechanism of clubroot suppression under neutral soil pH, a highly reproducible germination assay system under soil culture conditions was designed based on the hypothesis that germinated spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae could be identified by the absence of a nucleus (i.e. having released a zoospore to infect a root hair of the host plant). Brassica rapa var. perviridis seedlings were inoculated with a spore suspension of P. brassicae at a rate of 2·0 × 106 spores g−1 soil and grown in a growth chamber for 7 days. The spores were recovered from rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils and stained with both Fluorescent Brightener 28 (cell-wall-specific) and SYTO 82 orange fluorescent nucleic-acid stain (nucleus-specific stain). Total numbers of spores were counted under UV-excitation, and spores with a nucleus that fluoresced orange under G-excitation were counted. The significant increase in the percentage of spores without a nucleus (germinated spores) in the rhizosphere after 7 days' cultivation and the correlation with root-hair infections validated the assay system. Applications of calcium-rich compost or calcium carbonate to neutralize the soil significantly reduced the percentage of germinated spores in the rhizosphere, as well as the number of root-hair infections. The present study provides direct evidence that the inhibition of spore germination is the primary cause of disease suppression under neutral soil pH. 相似文献
104.
Two diseases of adzuki bean, brown stem rot (BSR, caused by Cadophora gregata f. sp. adzukicola) and adzuki bean Fusarium wilt (AFW, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. adzukicola), are serious problems in Hokkaido and have been controlled using cultivars with multiple resistance. However, because a
new race of BSR, designated race 3, was identified, sources of parental adzuki bean for resistance to race 3 were needed.
Therefore, we examined 67 cultivars and lines of cultivated and wild adzuki bean maintained at the Tokachi Agricultural Experiment
Station using a root-dip inoculation method. Consequently, nine adzuki bean cultivars, one wild adzuki bean accession and
30 lines (including two lines resistant to all the three races of BSR and AFW) were confirmed to be resistant or tolerant
to race 3 of BSR, and we found a cultivar Akamame as well as a wild adzuki bean Acc2515 to be a new source for a resistance
gene to the race 3. This cultivar also holds promise as a source of resistance against other races of BSR and AFW. 相似文献
105.
106.
Shohei Nomura Toru Kobayashi Yasuo Agawa Daniel Margulies Vernon Scholey Yoshifumi Sawada Naoki Yagishita 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(6):1193-1204
The genetic population structure of the Pacific bluefin tuna (PBF) Thunnus orientalis and the yellowfin tuna (YFT) T. albacares in the North Pacific Ocean was investigated. The polymorphism of microsatellite (SSR) loci and sequences of mitochondrial DNA control region (mtCR) were analyzed for 71 samples of PBF from Japan and Mexico and 45 samples of YFT from Japan and Panama. In the SSR analyses, both single-locus (?0.010 to 0.008 in PBF and ?0.023 to 0.020 in YFT) and global multilocus (0.003 in PBF and ?0.002 in YFT) F ST values among the geographic populations were low and not significant in these species. In the mtCR analyses, neither the neighbor-joining tree nor the minimum spanning network showed genetic differentiation among the geographic populations in each species. The pairwise F ST values among the geographic populations of them (?0.005 in PBF and ?0.020 to ?0.014 in YFT) were low and not significant. Our SSR and mtCR data suggested that genetic differentiations were not evident among the eastern and western populations in the North Pacific Ocean either in PBF or in YFT. Mismatch distributions, demographic parameters, and neutrality tests suggested that sudden population expansion of PBF and YFT in the North Pacific Ocean occurred 628,000–731,000 and 450,000–525,000 years ago, respectively. 相似文献
107.
Masaharu Kubota Osamu Tamura Yasuhiro Nomura Noriko Orihara Norihito Yamauchi Kengo Yonemoto Kenichiro Chiba Nobutaka Someya 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2017,83(2):117-120
Isolates of spinach downy mildew fungus, Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae, collected at seven sites in Japan from December 2013 to March 2016, were identified as belonging to races 8, 10, 12 and 13, and one was unauthorized. Races 10, 12, 13 and the unauthorized were first found in Japan. 相似文献
108.
Effects of dietary heme iron and exercise training on abdominal fat accumulation and lipid metabolism in high‐fat diet‐fed mice
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Masanori Katsumura Shoko Takagi Hana Oya Shohei Tamura Takaoki Saneyasu Kazuhisa Honda Hiroshi Kamisoyama 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(8):1100-1106
Animal by‐products can be recycled and used as sources of essential nutrients. Water‐soluble heme iron (WSHI), a functional food additive for supplementing iron, is produced by processing animal blood. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of 3% WSHI and exercise training for 4 weeks on the accumulation of abdominal fat and lipid metabolism in mice fed high‐fat diet. Exercise‐trained mice had significantly less perirenal adipose tissue, whereas WSHI‐fed mice tended to have less epididymal adipose tissue. In addition, total weight of abdominal adipose tissues was significantly decreased in the Exercise + WSHI group. Dietary WSHI significantly increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of lipoprotein lipase and hormone‐sensitive lipase. WSHI‐fed mice also tended to show increased mRNA levels of adipose triglyceride lipase in their epididymal adipose tissue. Dietary WSHI also significantly decreased the mRNA levels of fatty acid oxidation‐related enzymes in the liver, but did not influence levels in the Gastrocnemius muscle. Exercise training did not influence the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism‐related enzymes in the epididymal adipose tissue, liver or the Gastrocnemius muscle. These findings suggest that the accumulation of abdominal fat can be efficiently decreased by the combination of dietary WSHI and exercise training in mice fed high‐fat diet. 相似文献
109.
Sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) are a relatively new class of insecticides, with a mechanism of action different from those of other classes of insecticides that target voltage-gated sodium channels. These compounds have no effect at hyperpolarized membrane potentials, but cause a voltage-dependent, nearly irreversible block as the membrane potential is depolarized. The mechanism of action of SCBIs is similar to that of local anesthetics (LAs), class I anticonvulsants and class I antiarrhythmics. In this article, we review the physiological actions of these compounds on the whole animal, the nervous system and sodium channels, and also present the results from recent studies that elucidate the receptor site of SCBIs. 相似文献
110.
Shohei Matsuura Yosuke Matsushita Reiko Kozuka Sachiko Shimizu Shinya Tsuda 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,126(1):111-115
Quantitative PCR revealed that Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) was present in substantial amounts in viroid-infected tomato flowers. Healthy tomato plants were arranged in two
different glasshouses, and plants were mechanically inoculated with TCDVd. Bumblebees (Bombus ignitus) were then introduced into the glasshouses to reveal whether the viroid was transmitted from infected source plants to neighbouring
healthy plants. TCDVd infection was found in neighbouring tomato plants more than 1 month after the introduction of the bees,
some of which expressed symptoms, in both glasshouses. Thus, bumblebees transmitted TCDVd from tomato to tomato by pollination
activities. 相似文献