Identification,Characterization, and Evaluation of Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers for Parentage Assignment in Pinctada fucata

Parentage analysis is a useful tool for establishing pedigree relationships in selective breeding. In this study, 31 microsatellite markers were tested, and 13 loci were subsequently used to identify parenthood in Pinctada fucata. According to simulation analysis, the power of nine loci to exclude false parents was 99.94%, and that of 10 loci was 99.95%. Moreover, using 10 loci and known parental and filial information, the cumulative assignment success rate to one true parental pair was as high as 99%. Of the 120 progeny tested, 93.3% were exclusively assigned to their parental pairs in mixed pedigrees. These results suggested that these microsatellite markers can be used for rapid and effective parentage assignment and contribute to the selective breeding of P. fucata.     

长足大竹象幼虫种群动态及其气候预测模型

2004—2008年于四川沐川定期调查长足大竹象为害的3个慈竹林内所有竹笋上的幼卵和幼虫密度变化,运用主成分、相关和通径分析及决策系数研究影响幼虫种群变化的主要气候因子。结果表明:幼虫种群变化呈单峰型,8月为高峰期,10月上旬以后虫口密度逐渐趋向于0水平。长足大竹象幼虫种群变化最主要的限制因子是旬平均气温,最主要的决策因素是旬最低气温。8种函数拟合表明平均虫口密度与旬平均气温、旬最低气温之间分别用直线函数方程Y=-0.535+0.031X、对数函数方程Y=-1.594+0.600lnX拟合的效果最好,据此建立平均虫口密度气候预测表,提出长足大竹象防治的温度指标为旬平均温度21.5℃或旬最低温度17.7℃。     

Activity of the botanical aphicides 1,5‐diphenyl‐1‐pentanone and 1,5‐diphenyl‐2‐penten‐1‐one on two species of Aphididnae

1,5‐Diphenyl‐1‐pentanone (A) and 1,5‐diphenyl‐2‐penten‐1‐one (B) are natural products extracted for the first time from Stellera chamaejasme. Laboratory bioassay showed that the two products have strong contact activity and very good anti‐feedant activity against Aphis gossypii and Schizaphis graminum. Both products showed dose‐dependent relationships for both forms of activity against the two aphids, the contact activity of B being about twice that of A. Both products were inferior to methomyl in contact activity but superior in anti‐feedant activity against the two aphids. This is the first report of aphicidal activity in these two compounds, which may represent a new class of aphicide. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

瑞香素对蚜虫生物活性的研究

瑞香狼毒(StellerachamaejasmeL.)的天然产物瑞香素对农业上重要的几类蚜虫具有很高的触杀作用和较好的拒食作用.24h瑞香素对棉蚜、桔蚜和烟蚜毒杀作用的LD50分别为29.48±1.55、30.75±1.50和95.88±2.06μg/g,拒食作用的AFC50分别为0.4664±0.0137、0.4219±0.0213和0.5847±0.0172g/L.经回归和相关分析,处理浓度与作用效果(毒杀与拒食)相关性均达到极显著或显著水平.瑞香素在田间防治棉蚜效果显著.     

茶刺蛾颗粒体病毒生物学特性和应用研究初报

1985年从四川省珙县某茶场自然罹病死亡的茶刺蛾幼虫中分离到一种颗粒体病毒,该病毒为杆状,大小为281nm×73.5nm,对茶刺蛾幼虫具较强的感染力,对3龄茶刺蛾幼虫的LD_(50)为2.63×10~4GB。该病毒专一性强,用10~6GB/ml的茶刺蛾颗粒体病毒防治4龄茶刺蛾幼虫的防治效果达90％以上。     

杂交水稻几个重要农艺及产量性状的主成分分析

以四川省5个常用不育系和6个恢复系配制成的30个杂交组合和3个新品种共计33个组合为材料,运用主成分分析分析方法考察了产量及与产量有关的8个农艺性状(指标)与产量的相互关系。结果表明,改良以穗重为代表的穗部性状可以较为有效地改良产量组成系统,从而实现高产育种的目标。     

猪囊尾蚴抗原基因Ts11的克隆及其在大肠杆菌的表达

PCR扩增重组噬菌体λTs11克隆的cDNA片段,与pUC18连接,得到的重组子用以测序,并进行同源性比较分析,将该片段克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-1λT中,免疫印迹筛选得到能正确表达该片段的重组子,制备该和理组子在大肠杆菌中的表达产物,进行浓度梯度SDS-PAGE和West-ern blotting分析,结果表明Ts11 cDNA片段为522 ,编码含139个氨基酸残基的多肽,在Gen-Bank和EMBL数据库均未发现同源序列,重组质粒在大肠杆菌中表达的融合蛋白分子量为41KD,能与免抗猪囊尾蚴囊液血清产生很强的免疫反应,这些结果证实分离到一个新的编码具有较强免疫原性猪囊尾缦抗原的 DNA克隆..λλ     

斑节对虾7个全同胞家系间亲缘关系的微卫星分析

为了斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）后续育种工作的需要,研究了斑节对虾7个全同胞家系的亲缘关系。从95对微卫星引物中筛选出16对,16个微卫星位点共发现79个等位基因（A）。每个位点的A为2～10个,平均4.9375,有效等位基因（Ne）1.7575～5.3980,平均3.3878,平均杂合度观测值（Ho）0.6679,平均杂合度期望值（He）0.6698。平均多态信息含量（PIC）0.6110。7个家系总近交系数（FIT）0.0099,家系内近交系数（FIS）-0.3725,家系间基因分化系数（FST）0.2709。根据遗传距离采用UPGMA法对7个家系进行聚类,F2和F6家系之间的遗传距离最小聚为一类,与F7家系遗传距离最远。结果表明,家系间基因交流较低,遗传分化程度较高,且很少发生近交,F7家系可以优先考虑与其他家系进行杂交选育。