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71.
72.
Kurosaki N Yamato O Sasamoto Y Mori F Imoto S Kojima T Yamasaki M Maede Y 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2007,55(1):3-12
In our previous study, it was demonstrated that the administration of anion salts, which slightly lower the dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD), in the prepartum period is safe and effective for preventing milk fever in multiparous cows. In the present study, several clinico-pathological constituents in serum and urine, which might be related to milk fever, were analyzed using stored samples from the previous study to identify clinico-pathological parameters for easily evaluating the efficacy of lowering DCAD and to further investigate the mechanism by which lowering DCAD prevents milk fever. Among the parameters analyzed in the present study, inorganic phosphorus (iP) was involved in milk fever because the serum concentration and urinary excretion of iP were significantly higher in the group of primiparous cows (heifer group), which did not develop hypocalcemia, than those in other groups of multiparous cows. Serum chloride concentrations in the heifer group and the group of multiparous cows fed anion salts (anion group) tended to remain higher than those in other control groups of multiparous cows suggesting that serum chloride concentration may be utilized for evaluating the status of metabolic acidosis and the efficacy of lowerng DCAD in dairy cows fed anion salts. In addition, plasma estradiol-17beta concentration in the heifer group tended to be lower at parturition compared with that in other multiparous groups suggesting that estrogen known as a potent inhibitor of bone resorption may be involved in developing milk fever. 相似文献
73.
Yamasaki S Hara K Izumiya H Watanabe H Misawa N Okamoto K Takase K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(8):813-818
One hundred twenty Salmonella Enteritidis isolates collected from 1992 to 2005 in Nagasaki prefecture (65 isolates from 40 outbreak cases, 44 from sporadic diarrhea patients, and 11 from chicken-related products) were investigated by their antibiotic susceptibility profiles, phage typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing. Out of them, 18 were identified as lysine decarboxylase (LDC)-negative isolates, and 15 showed resistance toward streptomycin. Based on the PFGE typing, the isolates were classified into five clusters by UPGMA clustering method. Three LDC-negative isolates belonged to cluster A and were of phage type (PT) 4 and isolated between 2000 and 2004. Other 15 LDC-negative isolates belonged to cluster E. They were PT1, reacted but did not conform (RDNC), or untypable and were isolated between 2001 and 2004. LDC-negative isolates of the cluster A differed from LDC-negative isolates of the cluster E in antibiotic susceptibility profiles, phage typing, and PFGE typing. LDC-negative isolates of the cluster E were isolated after 2001 in Nagasaki prefecture. 相似文献
74.
75.
Yamasaki M Kitagawa T Chujo H Koyanagi N Nishida E Nakaya M Yoshimi K Maeda H Nou S Iwata T Ogita K Tachibana H Yamada K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(11):3644-3648
Previous studies have shown the physiological significance of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in various experimental animals and in human beings. One of the important problems to better elucidate is the difference between triglyceride (TG) and free (FFA) dietary CLA. Here, using splenocytes, this study assesses how TG- and FFA-CLA modulate immunoglobulin and various cytokine productions. In this study, C57BL/6N mice were fed an experimental diet containing 0% CLA, 0.1 or 1% FFA-CLA, or 0.1 or 1% TG-CLA for 3 weeks. The production of immunoglobulin tended to be up-regulated by 1% FFA-CLA. As a result of protein array analysis using the supernatant from splenocytes cultured with no CLA, 1% FFA-CLA, and TG-CLA, some cytokine production was shown to be remarkably regulated by dietary FFA- and TG-CLA. A total of 32 cytokines were examined, and 11-14 produced cytokines that were 2-fold up-regulated as compared with control for FFA- or TG-CLA, respectively. Especially, the production of IL-9 and MCP-5 and other cytokines was remarkably up-regulated by both FFA- and TG-CLA. In addition, seven cytokines were 2-fold down-regulated by TG-CLA. These data show that there is a slight but significant difference between the functionalities of FFA- and TG-CLA. 相似文献
76.
Effects of molybdenum application on the yield,nitrogen nutrition and nodule development of soybeans
Field experiments were conducted on a volcanic ash soil with low available Mo and moderate acidity for 4 years to determine thfc responses of soybeans and soybean nodules to Mo application with seed treatment. Mo application resulted in a 15.7% increase in the average yield of the nodulated varieties over 4 seasons. However, the genetically controlled non-nodulating variety did not respond to Mo under the same experimental conditions. Nodulated plants treated with Mo became increasingly greener from the pre-bloom stage and contained much more N in their tops during the later period of growth and accumulated considerably larger amount of N in seeds produced per unit area. These results are in agreement with the enhancement of N, fixing activity per plant basis during a long period covered from the stage of 2nd trifoliate leaf unfolding to that of seed development. The increase of yield obtained by the Mo application is ascribed to the improvement of N, fixing activity of the root nodules, The enhancement of N, fixing activity was mainly due to a higher activity per unit nodule weight at early itaget and was due to better growth of nodules during the latter half of growth. Nodules on Mo-created plants were characteristically larger size, had lower water contcnt and higher Mo content. Referring to the data presented by the authors and several other investigators on available Mo in soils, soil pit, and other related factors, discussion is made that the yield response of soybeans to Mo application is expected in a good number of fields in Japan as a result of nodule response leading to the enhancement of symbiotic N, fixation throughout growth. 相似文献
77.
Masaru Takeya Fukuhiro Yamasaki Sachiko Hattori Akito Kaga Norihiko Tomooka 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(7):1945-1951
The National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS) Genebank coordinates the conservation of plant, microorganism, and animal genetic resources related to food and agriculture in Japan. It also coordinates the distribution of genetic resources in the public domain for research, breeding, and educational purposes. To operate the NIAS Genebank efficiently, we have developed a genetic resources database, data management software, and web-based data retrieval systems to make the data available worldwide. This article describes the NIAS Genebank’s Core Collections of global and Japanese soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), Japanese azuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi et Ohashi), and Japanese wheat (Triticum aestivum L. s. l.), all of which are available through the Genebank website. This article also describes new features of the NIAS Genebank database, such as the ability to select single-seed-derived germplasm of soybean in the plant search system and to download photographic data on accessions. By using the downloaded plant image PDF files, users can obtain detailed passport and agronomic information by clicking on the image of an accession of interest. 相似文献
78.
S. Kaneda S. Miura N. Yamashita K. Ohigashi S. Yamasaki T. Murakami 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):424-434
Living mulch is a type of sustainable farming system that consists of cover crops planted either before or with a main crop; a living mulch is maintained as a living ground cover throughout the growing season of the main crop. Microbial biomass and abundance of mesofauna (microarthropods and enchytraeids) are important soil biological parameters in relation to soil function, plant productivity, and nutrient cycling; however, the effects of living mulch on these parameters are not fully understood. In this study we examined the effects of living mulch treatment with nitrogen fertilizer (0, 40, 160, or 200?kg?ha?1) on the abundance of soil microarthropods (Oribatida, Mesostigmata, Prostigmata, and Collembola) and the effects of living mulch treatment on the dynamics of the soil biota (mesofauna, microarthropods, enchytraeids, and microbial biomass nitrogen) from spring to autumn. Our results showed that living mulch treatment significantly (p?0.05) increased the grain weight of the main crop in both experiments. Generally, living mulch treatment had a positive effect on the abundance of mesofauna and microbial biomass nitrogen, despite pesticide usage. Nitrogen levels did not affect the number of microarthropods. The litter layer in living mulch significantly (p?0.05) enhanced microbial biomass nitrogen and the abundance of Oribatida, Prostigmata, and Collembola. We conclude that living mulch enhances mesofaunal abundance and microbial biomass nitrogen and that the production of a litter layer by living mulch is one of the major mechanisms for this enhancement. 相似文献
79.
80.
A. Yamasaki H. Miura K. Tanaka 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):645-650
SummaryTo control the bolting of Japanese bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.) photoperiodically, the effect of photoperiods before, during and after vernalization on flower initiation and development and the varietal differences were investigated using the two mid-season flowering cvs Kincho and Asagi-kujo, and a late-season flowering cv. Cho-etsu. A long-day photoperiod (LD, 16 h) given before vernalization inhibited flower initiation. Especially, the bolting rate of ‘Asagi-kujo’ decreased by about a half, compared with the short-day photoperiod (SD, 8 h). The interaction between the effect of night temperature (3°C, 7°C, 11°C or 15°C) and the effect of the photoperiod (SD and LD) during vernalization was also investigated. In ‘Kincho’, LD did not affect flower initiation at 3°C, but inhibited flower initiation at 7°C, 11°C and 15°C. In ‘Asagi-kujo’, flower initiation was significantly inhibited by LD under all temperature conditions. This inhibitory effect was stronger at 11°C and 15°C than at 3°C and 7°C. In ‘Cho- etsu’, LD significantly inhibited flower initiation at 3°C and 7°C, and flower initiation rarely occurred at 11°C and 15°C. In this study, generally, LD during vernalization inhibited flower initiation in all cultivars. Thus Japanese bunching onion required a short-day photoperiod in flower initiation, which was stronger in ‘Asagi-kujo’ and ‘Cho-etsu’ than in ‘Kincho’. From these results, we conclude that low temperature and a short-day photoperiod complementarily induce flower initiation in Japanese bunching onion. Varietal differences exist in the requirement of low temperature and a short-day photoperiod: the primary requirement in ‘Kincho’ is low temperature and that in ‘Asagi-kujo’ is a short-day. After flower initiation, the early stage of flower development is day-neutral, and after the floret formation stage, a long-day photoperiod promotes flower development and elongation of the seedstalk. 相似文献