疫苗免疫需注意的几个方面

一搞好防暑降温 1舍内降温 开放式鸡舍应安装吊扇,加速空气流动降温;密闭式鸡舍可采用纵向通风法降温,即在鸡舍前门设置进风口,后门设置排风口,依舍内空间大小设置一定数量的排气扇,增强对流散热效果。注意通风时将两侧窗户关闭,使舍内任何部位均能感觉到凉风拂面。还可在进风处设置水帘．使外界热空气经过冷却后再进入鸡舍。     

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of equine infectious anemia antibody to purified P26 viral protein

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of equine infectious anemia (EIA) antibody in horse sera. Purified P26 viral protein was the antigen; alkaline phosphatase linked to rabbit anti-horse immunoglobulin G was the conjugate. The ELISA detected EIA antibodies in horse sera as early as 11 to 14 days after experimental inoculations. There was full agreement between the results of ELISA and the agar-gel immunodiffusion tests on EIA proficiency test sera. The ELISA readily detected EIA antibody in horse sera that had weak positive reactions on agar-gel immunodiffusion.     

Diagnosis of naturally occurring Fasciola hepatica infections in cattle with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Sera from 100 herds of cattle located in the state of Washington were examined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody to Fasciola hepatica in a screening procedure that included 5 to 10 samples/herd. Twenty-eight herds contained infected cattle and F hepatica was most prevalent in 3 distinct geographic areas. Subsequent retesting of all sera available from 14 herds (mean of 109 samples/herd) revealed that the screening procedure correctly detected 7 of 7 operations in which greater than 40% of samples were positive or suspect and 3 of 3 operations in which 12% to 13% of the samples were positive or suspect. One of 3 herds considered negative after screening was found to contain a few (7%) positive samples and 1 herd considered possibly infected was negative on retest. These results were compared with those obtained by fecal examination for F hepatica eggs in 9 of the 14 herds. A good correlation (5 of 5) was found in which a high percentage (48% to 85%) of sera were positive or suspect. Fasciola eggs were not found in samples from 2 herds with few (7% to 12%) positive or suspect sera or in 2 herds that were negative by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.     

刚棘颚口线虫的扫描电镜观察

刚棘颚口线虫扫描电镜显示：头球顶端有两片半球形的大侧唇，大侧唇背面有1对双乳突和1个头感器。在轮节皮棘第6-7排或第8-9排或第10-11之间各有1对颈乳突，与樊氏等及古贺正崇等描述颈乳突位置有所差异。并观察到雄虫尾端长交合刺的皮纹上有细小的凹陷小乳，其顶端有开口处；有2对尾乳突。雌虫阴门位于虫体腹面中线之后；尾端前腹面有半月状的肛门，有1对尾乳突。其中头钩、体棘、交合刺和尾乳突等形态特征与前人记述相似。     

桑尺蠖和丝棉木金星尺蠖的微孢子虫对家蚕病原性和胚种传染性研究

从桑尺蠖（ＨｅｍｅｒｏｐｈｉｌａａｔｒｉｌｉｎｅａｔａＢｕｔｌｅｒ）中分离的微孢子虫（简称桑尺蠖微孢子虫），形态为长卵圆形，大小为３．５～４．１×１．６～１．９μｍ。从丝棉木金星尺蠖（ＣａｌｏｓｐｉｌｏｓｓｕｓｐｅｃｔａＷａｒｒｅｎ）中分离的微孢子虫（简称丝棉木金星尺蠖微孢子虫），形状为卵圆形，大小为３．２～３．７×１．６～２．１μｍ。两种微孢子虫均能感染寄生家蚕的主要组织器官，引起蚕儿发病，但致病力要比家蚕微孢子虫（Ｎｏｓｅｍａｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ）弱，且能经卵传染给下一代，其胚种传染率要比家蚕微孢子虫低。     

保存条件对禽霍乱蜂胶灭活菌苗免疫效果与超微结构的影响

禽霍乱蜂胶灭活菌苗在－１５℃保存２４个月，４～８℃保存１８个月，１０～１５℃保存１２个月，２０～３０℃保存６个月，其免疫效果均基本不变。在－８０℃以下结冰再融化后，其超微结构无明显变化。－１０～－１５℃时不结冰，菌苗的理化性状与超微结构不发生改变。在４℃及２０℃室温条件下保存１２个月，菌苗的理化性状与超微结构亦无明显变化。证明该菌苗具有独特稳定的内部结构，范围广泛的保存温度，易于长期保存等特点。     

饲料用复合氨基酸螯合锌的制备工艺研究

利用饲料级豆粕通过硫酸水解来获得复合氨基酸,与硫酸锌反应制备复合氨基酸螯合锌,作为新一代饲料添加剂。通过pH值滴定曲线等方法,研究了不同因素对复合氨基酸螯合锌合成的影响。确定了在pH值7.1,游离氨基酸总量与锌摩尔比为2:1时,螯合率可达到92%以上。     

积极引导加强服务加快饲料行业质量认证步伐

同志们: 这次饲料行业危害分析与关键点控制(HACCP)安全管理体系及产品认证试点工作座谈会的主要任务是,深入贯彻中央一号文件,全面落实科学发展观,认真总结2004年以来全国饲料行业开展HACCP安全管理体系及产品认证试点工作,分析存在的问题,明确认证工作的思路,加快认证步伐,提高饲料行业质量管理水平.下面,我就HACCP安全管理体系及产品认证工作讲三方面的意见.     

湖南省某生猪批发市场疫病传播风险评估

为评估湖南省某生猪批发市场猪群疫病的发生风险,找出可能的风险因素,便于提出针对性预防措施,采用自行设计的调查问卷,结合访谈和现场调查,对27户经营户进行了调查,并将调查结果和调运数据相结合进行了疫病传播风险定性评估。结果显示:该市场疫病传入的可能性"高",内部传播的可能性"中等",疫病传出的可能性"高"。生猪调运频次多、数量大,经纪人行为复杂,运输车辆清洗消毒不彻底是可能的风险因素。评估结果提示,应尽量减少经纪人行为影响,重点加强对运输车辆的清洗消毒。     

Chemical composition and microstructure of uroliths and urinary sediment crystals associated with the feeding of high-level cottonseed meal diet to water buffalo calves

The chemical composition and microstructure of seven uroliths and four urinary sediment samples associated with the feeding of high-level cottonseed meal diet to buffalo calves were examined by chemical qualitative analyses, scanning electron microscopy ( ), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry ( ). Struvite was a major component of kidney stones and of some bladder stones. The kidney stone sample appeared cracked under low power under , aggregated into tiny balls under high power, and as a bladelike structure under even higher power. The bladder stone samples appeared finely granular or granular with various forms of prismatic crystals. The urinary sediments were prismatic crystals, with granules. The newly found prismatic crystals, which were rich in potassium and similar to struvite in crystal structure, were identified as potassium magnesium phosphate (KMgPO₄ · 6H₂O) in some bladder stones and urinary sediments. However, crystals which contained Mg and P only, which had been used for struvite identification, were not found by examination in urinary sediments from fresh urine samples of buffalo calves fed the high-level cottonseed meal diet.