Lack of effect of recombinant bovine interferon alpha I1 in the treatment of experimentally-induced bovine warts.

Fifteen four-month old calves were inoculated, on five scarified sites on each side of the neck, with a suspension of ground wart tissue from a steer naturally infected with bovine papilloma virus 1. Warts started to appear about one month postinfection and were measurable in ten calves two months postinfection, when the trial started. After stratification on the size of the warts, all fifteen calves were allocated randomly to one of the following treatment groups: twice weekly intramuscular injections of 5 mg recombinant bovine interferon alpha I1 (rBoIFN alpha I1), weekly injection of 5 mg of rBoIFN alpha I1 or placebo, for three weeks. The biggest wart on each calf at the beginning of the trial was measured and photographs of all warts were taken weekly for five weeks. An analysis of covariance on the log of the volumes of warts during the five weeks of the trial showed a significant difference between groups (p = 0.026). Warts in treated groups tended to grow faster than in the placebo group.     

Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in feline serum using an agarose gel alkaline phosphatase kit method.

Total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity is the product of the combined activity of isoenzymes from a number of tissue sources. In this study, a commercially available kit for electrophoretic separation of ALP isoenzymes in an agarose gel was used to separate ALP isoenzymes in feline tissue extracts and serum. Five separate bands of ALP activity were identified. These bands were numbered 1 to 5 with band 1 having the most anodal migration. The tissue of origin corresponding to the migration position of the isoenzymes are as follows: Band 3 was the liver isoenzyme, band 4 was the bone isoenzyme and ALP isoenzymes of both intestine and kidney migrate in the position labelled band 5. Band 1 appears to be related to albumin and does not represent true ALP activity. The tissue source of band 2 (a and b) was not identified. Serum ALP activity of mature, healthy cats is primarily of liver origin. Immature cats (< 1 year of age) have a greater proportion of the bone isoenzyme in the serum.     

刺槐抗旱造林技术的研究

在不同类型区及不同立地条件下，研究了提高剌槐成活率和生长量的抗旱造林技术。结果表明，采用径流集存、吸水剂蘸根、覆膜覆草及幼林地少量施肥技术，均可显著提高剌槐造林成率与生长量，提高幅度为２．０％－８．９％和１４．５％－８７．５％。采用混草技术可增收可观的优质牧草，经济效益和生态效益显著。     

Reproductive biology of the female Japanese mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria (Stomatopoda) in relation to changes in the seasonal pattern of larval occurrence in Tokyo Bay, Japan

ABSTRACT:   The reproductive traits and the monthly larval abundance of the mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria were investigated in Tokyo Bay, Japan, in 2002. The goal of the study was to elucidate the cause of changes in the monthly pattern of larval abundance from the 1980s to the 1990s as these changes relate to variation in the stock size of the adult shrimp. Oogenesis was divided into 10 stages by histological observation. The developmental stage of oocytes in an individual's ovary was synchronous, suggesting that almost all the oocytes in an ovary are spawned at the same time. The size at first maturity was estimated to be 7 ≤ body length ( BL ) < 8 cm. Fecundity was expressed as a function of BL , ranging from 19 300 eggs for 8 cm BL to 92 100 eggs for 14 cm BL . Small female shrimps (<10 cm BL ) spawned around August. Most large female shrimps (≥10 cm BL ) spawned around May, and some large female shrimps also spawned until September. Although most large female shrimps spawned in spring, the larval abundance was low before July and high from August onwards. The results suggest that a substantial decrease in the stock size of large individuals causes the low larval abundance before July.     

Modifying the response to defoliation during vegetative growth in CERES-Maize

CERES-Maize (Vl. 0) predicted no grain yield when 100% defoliation occurred during vegetative growth. This result conflicted with field observations where 100% defoliation early in the vegetative stage did not materially reduce grain yield. CERES-Maize was modified to realistically predict yields when defoliation greater than 50% occurred during vegetative growth by taking into account stem (stem proper and sheath) photosynthesis and translocation of dry matter from the stem to the developing leaves. With these modifications, predictions from CERES-Maize were in good agreement with field measurements when defoliation occurred both early and later in the vegetative stage. This modified version of CERES-Maize can be the basis of a decision support system for defoliating pests of corn where yields can be evaluated under different management strategies and climate scenarios.     

Characterization of and radioimmunoassay for canine thyroglobulin

Canine thyroglobulin (cTg) has been isolated and purified. It has similar electrophoretic patterns as Tg from other mammalian species. The main fraction had a MW of 660,000, whereas also fractions of a MW of approximately 1,300,000 (dimer) and 330,000 (subunit) were present. The iodine content was 0.8 to 1.0 % (w/w). cTg did not cross-react with antibodies against human Tg to a degree that would allow the use of a radioimmunoassay for human Tg for the determination of cTg in serum or plasma. Therefore a polyclonal antiserum was raised against cTg and a homologous radioimmunoassay was developed, which was sensitive (0.4 μg/l) and specific (cross-reactivity in cTg assay of human Tg, goat Tg, T₄, T₃, and DIT < 0.01 %).

Plasma Tg levels in normal dogs of both sexes and aged 3–15 years amounted to 192 ± 73 μg/l (mean ± SD, n=30). There was no relation between plasma Tg and T₄ levels.     

山洪对房屋的破坏及防患

山洪对房屋的破坏随着生态环境的恶化而加剧,其损失又随人民生活水平的提高而增加。防患房屋遭受山洪破坏刻不容缓。本文客观地总结了山洪破坏房屋具有的区域性、多样性、毁灭性特征,通过分析房屋遭受山洪破坏的沉痼陋习,初步揭示了山洪惩罚人为性大失误的沉痛教训,进而提出防患山洪破坏房屋要非工程措施与工程措施相结合,运用社会、经济、法律的手段,加以减灾引导,加强建房管理,采取开撇水沟、挖水平槽、刨鱼鳞坑、砌护坡墙、打挡水桩等直接有效的工程措施,加速隐患补救,实现减灾目的。