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41.
Kent MORI Satoshi SUZUKI Daisuke KOYABU Junpei KIMURA Sung-Yong HAN Hideki ENDO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(5):571-578
Although the sea otter (Enhydra lutris) is a complete aquatic species,
spending its entire life in the ocean, it has been considered morphologically to be a
semi-aquatic animal. This study aimed to clarify the unique hindlimb morphology and
functional adaptations of E. lutris in comparison to other Mustelidae
species. We compared muscle mass and bone measurements of five Mustelidae species: the sea
otter, Eurasian river otter (Lutra lutra), American mink
(Neovison vison), Japanese weasel (Mustela itatsi) and
Siberian weasel (M. sibirica). In comparison with the other 4 species,
E. lutris possessed significantly larger gluteus, popliteus and
peroneus muscles, but smaller adductor and ischiopubic muscles. The popliteus muscle may
act as a medial rotator of the crus, and the peroneus muscle may act as an abductor of the
fifth toe and/or the pronator of the foot. The bundles of the gluteus superficialis muscle
of E. lutris were fused with those of the tensor fasciae latae muscle and
gluteofemoralis muscles, and they may play a role in femur abduction. These results
suggest that E. lutris uses the abducted femur, medially rotated crus,
eversion of the ankle and abducted fifth digit or extended interdigital web as a powerful
propulsion generator. Therefore, we conclude that E. lutris is a complete
aquatic animal, possessing differences in the proportions of the hindlimb muscles compared
with those in other semi-aquatic and terrestrial mustelids. 相似文献
42.
Megumi ITOH Yoshie SAKURAI Yasuhiro NAKAJIMA Satoshi KAWAMOTO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(12):1655-1657
The association between blood calcium levels and electrocardiographic variables was
compared in 137 normal parturient and 36 peripartum recumbent Holstein cows to determine
whether hypocalcemia in peripartum dairy cows can be rapidly diagnosed using
electrocardiograph. Inverse of STc (ST peak interval/SS interval0.5) and blood
ionized calcium or serum calcium concentrations were strongly correlated, and both
correlation coefficients were 0.81 (P<0.001). The 95% prediction
interval indicated that cows with STc >0.385 ± 0.001 sec are very likely to be
hypocalcemic (blood ionized or serum calcium concentrations of <0.9
mmol/l or <7.5 mg/dl, respectively). These findings
indicate that hypocalcemia in parturient cows can be non-invasively estimated using the
STc. 相似文献
43.
Yosuke SASAKI Satoshi SEKIGUCHI Ryoko UEMURA Masuo SUEYOSHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(2):333-335
This study compared the reproductive and growth performances of pigs before and after depopulation andrestocking after a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in Japan. Data for the time period before and afterdepopulation and restocking were obtained from three farrow-to-finish farms. As a result of depopulation andrestocking, hygiene levels were improved, and common infectious diseases, such as porcine reproductive andrespiratory syndrome and Aujeszky’s disease, remained undetected on the farms. Compared with beforedepopulation, reproductive and growth performances improved after depopulation; the number of total pigs bornwas higher, the postweaning mortality rate was lower, and the age at slaughter was lower(P<0.05). In summary, depopulation and restocking improved the reproductive and growthperformances of pigs. 相似文献
44.
Kabamoto S Bhagat NA Suzuki H You M Kamio T Tsuji N Claveria FG Nagasawa H Igarashi I Toyoda Y Fujisaki K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(4):355-359
Using macrophage scavenger receptor-A knockout (SRKO) mice, we examined the role of macrophage class A scavenger receptors (MRS-A) on the immune response and acquisition of host resistance against repeated infestation with Haemaphysalis longicornis. Except for one batch of nymphs that infested one of the SRKO (SR-/-) mice and showed no appreciable reduction in body weight, all the other groups of nymphs manifested significant decrease in body weight. Both SR-/- and wild type (SR+/+) mice showed a sustained increase in anti-tick antibody titers, but SR+/+ mice showed significantly higher titers. The IFN-gamma assayed in SR-/- mouse immune sera was substantially less compared with that in SR+/+ mice. Immune sera from SR-/- and SR+/+ mice recognized the 51 and 44 kDa, and 44 kDa proteins, respectively, of the salivary gland antigen. The difference in the level of anti-tick resistance manifested by both groups of mice may be influenced by less efficient trapping and processing of tick antigens by macrophages in mice lacking for the macrophage scavenger receptors, and consequently affected the cascade of Th1 and Th2 responses. We have thus obtained valuable data that strongly infer the role of MSR-A in enhancing host defense against repeated infestation with H. longicornis. 相似文献
45.
Takafumi SUZUKI Naohito NISHII Satoshi TAKASHIMA Tatsuya MATSUBARA Atsushi IWASAWA Hirofumi TAKEUCHI Kohei TAHARA Tatsuyuki HACHISU Hitoshi KITAGAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1379-1383
Polyclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) G autoantibodies against insulin have been
identified in sera of healthy cats. We purified and fractionated insulin-binding IgGs from
cat sera by affinity chromatography and analyzed affinity of insulin-binding IgGs for
insulin and their epitopes. Following the passing of fraction A, which did not bind to
insulin, insulin-binding IgGs were eluted into two fractions, B and C, by affinity
chromatography using a column fixed with bovine insulin. Dissociation constant (KD) values
between insulin-binding IgGs and insulin, determined by surface plasmon resonance analysis
(Biacore™system), were 1.64e−4 M for fraction B (low affinity IgGs) and
2e−5 M for fraction C (high affinity IgGs). Epitope analysis was conducted
using 16 peptide fragments synthesized in concord with the amino acid sequence of feline
insulin by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fractions B and C showed higher
absorbance (affinity) of the peptide fragment of 10 amino acid residues at the
carboxyl-terminal of the B chain (peptide No. 19), followed by peptide fragments of 6 to
15 amino acid residues of the B chain (peptide No. 8). Fraction C showed a higher
absorbance to 7 to 16 amino acid residues of the B chain (peptide No. 5) compared with the
absorbance of fraction B. Polyclonal insulin-binding IgGs may form a macromolecule complex
with insulin through the multiple affinity sites of IgG molecules. Feline insulin-binding
IgGs are multifocal and may be composed of multiple IgG components and insulin. 相似文献
46.
Satoshi KAMBAYASHI Masaya IGASE Kosuke KOBAYASHI Ayana KIMURA Takako SHIMOKAWA MIYAMA Kenji BABA Shunsuke NOGUCHI Takuya MIZUNO Masaru OKUDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1405-1412
Hypoxic conditions in various cancers are believed to relate with their
malignancy, and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been shown to be a major
regulator of the response to low oxygen. In this study, we examined HIF-1α expression in
canine lymphoma using cell lines and clinical samples and found that these cells expressed
HIF-1α. Moreover, the HIF-1α inhibitors, echinomycin, YC-1 and 2-methoxyestradiol,
suppressed the proliferation of canine lymphoma cell lines. In a xenograft model using
NOD/scid mice, echinomycin treatment resulted in a dose-dependent regression of the tumor.
Our results suggest that HIF-1α contributes to the proliferation and/or survival of canine
lymphoma cells. Therefore, HIF-1α inhibitors may be potential agents to treat canine
lymphoma. 相似文献
47.
Satoshi AKAGI Seiya TAKAHASHI Katsuhiro OHKOSHI Takato TAKENOUCHI Manabu SHIMIZU Masaya GESHI Noritaka ADACHI Dai‐ichiro FUCHIMOTO Yoshiaki IZAIKE Hisashi ASO 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(6):465-469
The developmental potential of nuclei from a bovine mammary epithelial cell line (BMEC) in nuclear transfer was investigated. For nuclear transfer donors, BMEC cells (passage 15) were cultured for 4–5 days after seeding at cell densities of 1.0 × 105 cells/cm2 (high‐density group) or 0.8 × 104 cells/cm2 (low‐density group). First, the effective electric stimulation for fusion of enucleated oocytes with BMEC cells was examined. Fusion rates reached maximum with two DC pulses of 30 V/150 µm for 20 µs in the high‐density group and with two DC pulses of 25 V/150 µm for 10 µs in the low‐density group. The fusion rate (37.5%) in the high‐density group was significantly (P < 0.005) lower than in the low‐density group (71.4%). Second, the in vitro developmental potential of nuclear transfer embryos derived from BMEC cells was examined. In the high‐density and low‐density groups, 18.8% and 24.1% of fused oocytes, respectively, developed to blastocyst stage. The results of this study indicate that nuclei from BMEC cells support the development of nuclear transfer embryos to the blastocyst stage and that the efficiency of oocyte–cell fusion is affected by the culture conditions of the donor BEMC cells before nuclear transfer. 相似文献
48.
Tani K Morimoto M Hayashi T Inokuma H Ohnishi T Hayashiya S Nomura T Une S Nakaichi M Taura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(6):513-518
Using RT-PCR and semi-quantitative PCR, mRNA expression for canine interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was examined in dogs with or without demodicosis. mRNA expression for IFN-gamma as well as TNF-alpha in dogs with demodicosis (localized (LD) and generalized (GD)) was slightly lower than those in dogs without demodicosis (healthy controls). Expression of IL-5 mRNA in dogs with demodicosis was higher than that in control dogs, but there were no significant differences in IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression levels among the three groups. On the other hand, expression levels of TGF-beta mRNA in dogs with GD were higher than those in control dogs and dogs with LD. The expression levels of IL-5 and TGF-beta mRNA decreased in all three dogs with GD which showed resolution of the clinical signs. Taken together, these results suggest that the Th2-like response in PBMCs from dogs with demodicosis is up-regulated, and that subsequent increased expression of IL-5 and TGF-beta mRNA in dogs with GD is reversible after treatment. Therefore, these cytokines, particularly IL-5, might be a useful clinical index of the clinical course in demodicosis. Also, increased TGF-beta mRNA expression might be a key factor for revealing the difference in the mechanism of onset between LD and GD. 相似文献
49.
Murakami S Ogawa A Kinoshita T Matsumoto A Ito N Nakane T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(4):387-391
Fourteen diseased pigs from four farms in which there had been an outbreak of salmonellosis were investigated. Granulomatous inflammation with depletion of lymphocytes was observed in the swollen lymph nodes in these pigs. Antigens to porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) were immunolabeled in the lesions along with detection of viral DNA as PCV2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, antigens to porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were immunodetected in the lungs and Salmonella Choleraesuis was isolated from the affected pigs. The nine salmonellosis affected pigs, five (55.6%) with salmonellosis and PMWS concurrently infected with PRRSV were much higher than those infected with salmonellosis and PMWS (22.2%) or with salmonellosis and PPPRV (22.2%). 相似文献
50.
Katsuhiro OHKOSHI Seiya TAKAHASHI Shin-ichiro KOYAMA Satoshi AKAGI Noritaka ADACHI Tadashi FURUSAWA Jun-ichiro FUJIMOTO Yoshiaki IZAIKE Tomoyuki TOKUNAGA 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(4):269-276
In vivo matured oocytes collected by laparoscopic follicular aspiration (LFA) from hormone treated female goats were used as recipient ooplasts for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Japanese native (Shiba) goats were used as donor females and some donor females were used repeatedly (two or three times) at intervals of a few months. To induce synchronization of estrus, a sponge containing 0.5 g of progesterone was inserted into the vagina of each goat for 14 days. These animals were also treated with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in a series of 8 injections over 4 days. The first FSH injection was administered on the morning of day 9 of sponge insertion. On the morning of day 13, 50 µg of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) was injected into each animal. Twenty‐nine hours after GnRH injection, LFA was performed. After removal of cumulus cells, collected oocytes with the first polar body were selected and enucleated for nuclear transfer. Anterior pituitary cells isolated from an adult male Shiba goat were transfected with a DNA fragment containing the enhanced green flourescent protein gene and the puromycin resistance gene. A single donor cell was inserted into the perivitelline space of each enucleated oocyte and fusion was induced with one electric pulse of 20 V for 10 µs. The SCNT goat eggs were cultured in chemically defined medium at 38.5°C in 5% CO2, 5% O2, 90% N2 for 9 days. By LFA, 396 oocytes were collected from a total of 30 females. After removal of cumulus cells, 64% of them extruded the first polar body. The percentage of SCNT goat eggs produced using in vivo matured oocytes which developed to the blastocyst stage (20–21%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that produced with in vitro matured oocytes (3–8%). 相似文献