Lipid peroxidation-derived hepatotoxic aldehydes, 4-hydroxy-2E-hexenal in smoked fish meat products

ABSTRACT:   Contents of 4-hydroxy-2 E -hexenal (HHE), hepatotoxic aldehydes, in smoked fish meat products (smoked salmon and fish meat sausage) were analyzed. Large differences in these contents between the different samples were observed. Very low levels of HHE were detected in fish meat sausage samples. However, a high level of HHE was observed in one batch of smoked salmon. Changes of HHE contents in yellowtail meat containing cherry and sugi wood vinegar stored at 0°C were also analyzed for 7 days. Malonaldehyde (MA) was also analyzed in these samples as an index of the lipid peroxidation level. After 3 or 7 days of storage, HHE contents in both wood vinegar-added samples were significantly higher, but MA contents were significantly lower than those of the control.     

Growth model for the endangered cyprinid fish Tribolodon nakamurai based on otolith analyses

A growth model for the endangered cyprinid fish Tribolodon nakamurai was derived following otolith analyses of 16 wild and 53 reared specimens. The asteriscus was the most appropriate to measure size among three otolith elements, and its height OH  mm was used as size index of otolith. Standard length L  cm was best back-calculated using the Gompertz model, L  = 70.0·exp[–exp{−0.553 (OH   –  2.73)}]. Translucent zones on the lapilli, analyzed from 5-year-old-reared fish, were regarded as winter slow-growing zones. The ages of 10 wild specimens of 37.0–48.1 cm standard length were calculated as 7–10 years by counting the translucent zones on the lapilli. Age t was best back-calculated using the allometry model, t  = 1.33· OH ^1.37. The growth trajectory of T.   nakamurai followed a slender S curve, three typical growth models, von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz, and Richards' model, which is a general formula of the above three, being fitted using the maximum likelihood method. The Gompertz model, L_t  = 60.2·exp[–exp{−0.258( t  − 4.68)}], was found by Akaike's information criterion (AIC) to be the statistically most acceptable growth model.     

侵蚀黑土玉米和大豆根部伴生细菌群落结构分析

为分析东北侵蚀黑土中大豆和玉米根部伴生细菌群落结构多样性,促进土壤侵蚀过程中其根部伴生细菌群落结构响应规律的研究,本研究结合LNA-PCR技术和高通量测序方法,模拟东北黑土侵蚀土壤,分析玉米播种期和抽穗期、大豆开花期根部细菌群落结构多样性和差异.结果表明:土壤表层剥离后大豆根部细菌群落多样性降低,而玉米根部细菌群落多样...     

Mid-to-caudal partial hemipelvectomy with limb preservation for ischial tumor in a dog

A 10-year-old spayed female Golden Retriever was referred for hindlimb lameness. A firm mass was palpated over the right caudal pelvis. Computed tomography revealed an osteolytic bone region and an associated periosteal reaction in the ischium, including the acetabulum. The histological diagnosis was sarcoma of unknown origin. A mid-to-caudal partial hemipelvectomy was performed to remove the mass. Femoral head and neck osteotomy was performed to allow hindlimb preservation. Following surgery, the dog regained satisfactory hindlimb use over time and was alive for 821 days with no recurrence or metastatic disease. This report indicates that mid-to-caudal partial hemipelvectomy with femoral head and neck osteotomy is technically feasible and allows for tumor control with preservation of the hindlimb and its function.     

A single injection of periostin decreases cardiac voltage-gated Na+ channel in rat ventricles

Changes in electrophysiological properties, such as ion channel expression and activity, are closely related to arrhythmogenesis during heart failure (HF). However, a causative factor for the electrical remodeling in HF has not been determined. Periostin (POSTN), a matricellular protein, is increased in heart tissues of patients with HF. In the present study, we investigated whether a single injection of POSTN affects the electrophysiological properties in rat ventricles. After male Wistar rats were intravenously injected with recombinant rat POSTN (64 µg/kg, 24 hr), electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded. Whole-cell patch clamp was performed to measure action potential (AP) and Na⁺ current (I_Na) in isolated ventricular myocytes. Protein expression of cardiac voltage-gated Na⁺ channel (Na_V1.5) in isolated ventricles was examined by Western blotting. In ECG, POSTN-injection significantly increased RS height. POSTN-injection significantly delayed time to peak in AP and decreased I_Na in the isolated ventricular myocytes. POSTN-injection decreased Na_V1.5 expression in the isolated ventricles. It was confirmed that POSTN (1 µg/ml, 24 hr) decreased I_Na and Na_V1.5 protein expression in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. This study for the first time demonstrated that a single injection of POSTN in rats decreased I_Na by suppressing Na_V1.5 expression in the ventricular myocytes, which was accompanied by a prolongation of time to peak in AP and an increase of RS height in ECG.