鲁中南山地刺槐萌生更新林经济效果评价

采用企业动态经济评价方法对刺槐萌生林不同轮伐期的经济效果进行了评价；按ＮＰＶ最大、ＩＲＲ最大确定了林分经济成熟龄；通过敏感性分析确定了经济成熟龄区间。     

一种新型集蔗器的结构设计及其有限元分析

集蔗器是甘蔗收割机中用来收集甘蔗的装置。通过总结前人所设计的集蔗器的优缺点,提出了一种新型集蔗机构—挡板式斜集集蔗器,并进行了结构设计、参数计算和三维建模;最后,为了验证所设计的集蔗器转轴的尺寸的合理性,通过有限元分析了软件ANSYS分析它在受外力情况下的变形情况和整体的应力分布情况。     

森林生态系统土壤碳库对氮沉降的响应研究进展

大气氮沉降的不断加剧,改变了土壤理化性质,直接影响植物的生长与发育,间接影响了陆地生态系统碳库,进而可能改变全球气候变化进程。森林是陆地生态系统的主体,因此,弄清氮沉降如何影响森林生态系统碳库,对预测全球气候变化具有重要意义。笔者旨在详细分析氮沉降对森林生态系统土壤碳库输入和输出的影响,阐述氮沉降对森林生态系统凋落物分解、细根周转和土壤呼吸的影响研究进展和作用机制。截至目前,关于氮沉降对于陆地生态系统的影响研究报道较多,且国内外诸多学者也在森林生态系统土壤碳库对氮沉降的响应领域开展了较多试验研究,但多集中于碳输入和输出的总量分析,而对输入和输出各个组分的研究相对较少。笔者综述了国内外有关森林生态系统碳库输入和输出各组分对氮沉降响应的相关研究,为进一步揭示其响应机制和途径提供参考依据。     

Multiple amino acid substitutions are involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice

To explore adaptation of avian influenza virus to mice we previously performed serial lung-to-lung passages of the influenza A/Chicken/Jiangsu/7/2002 (H9N2) strain, resulting in the isolation of a variant influenza strain lethal for mice. We now report that virulence correlates with improved growth characteristics on mammalian cells and extended tissue tropism in vivo. Sequencing of the complete genomes of the wild-type and mouse-adapted viruses revealed 25 amino acid substitutions. Some were found to reiterate known substitutions in human and swine H9N2 influenza isolates. Functions affected include nuclear localization signals and sites of protein and RNA interaction, while others are known determinants of pathogenicity and host specificity such as the viral polymerase PB2 E627K substitution. These observations suggest that enhanced growth characteristics and modified cell tropism may contribute to increased virulence in mice. We conclude that multiple amino acid substitutions are likely to be involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice.     

屠宰前禁食对肉猪的影响

作者探讨生长猪屠宰前禁食对肉猪潜在的影响。被禁食的猪活体体重及其屠宰胴体重量均有所减少,也可能引发胃溃疡。屠宰前中止饲喂,对肉食品安全是有益的,能够改善肉质终点pH、持水力和肉色;降低肉质肌糖原含量。生长猪的基因型、抗应激性能和动物所处的环境,均能够影响肉猪生产性能。     

高丹草叶锈病的发病原因与治疗

高丹草（优牧2号）由饲用高粱和苏丹草杂交而成,综合了饲用高粱和苏丹草的优点,既保留了饲用高梁植株高大、营养丰富的特点,又吸取了苏丹草叶量丰富的优点,分蘖能力强,耐刈割,适口性好,产量高,牛、羊、鱼、野猪特喜食。     

低成本省力化栽桑技术的研究进展

我国已育成了若干适合条桑育,适于扦插的桑品种及适于种子直播的杂交桑,为建立高密度低成本桑园打下了基础。推广了直接用袋接体,硬枝扦插和杂交种直接建园和初试了中晚秋条桑收获技术。今后的研究方向是选育发根性强,高产优势,适合条桑收获的桑树品种及以条桑收获为主的提高劳动生产率的栽培技术。     

Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in hemolymph from the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis

Feng, Q., Wu, G. H., Liang, T. M., Ji, H. Y., Jiang, X. J., Gu, W., Wang, W. Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in hemolymph from the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 34 , 51–57. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hemolymph kinetics and depuration time of oxytetracycline following intramuscular administration at doses of 2, 8 and 40 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The concentration of OTC in hemolymph was assayed using solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography. The elimination half‐life of the terminal part of the elimination phase (t_1/2β) ranged from 87.9 to 114.3 h. The total body clearance (CL_b) was 0.0430 L/kg/h at the lower dose, 0.0123 L/kg/h at the medium dose and 0.0013 L/kg/h at the higher dose. The apparent volume of the central compartment (V_c) was found to be 1.383, 0.699 and 0.143 L/kg respectively. The depuration time for each dose was 13.6, 29.6 and 57.6 days, respectively. Results from the present study suggest that the 40 mg/kg dose might have the best therapeutic efficacy following intramuscular administration.     

2019年中国猪肉市场回顾及未来走势

由于受非洲猪瘟疫情等因素的影响,2019年猪肉产能出现大幅下滑,生猪存栏和能繁母猪存栏连续10个月下降,猪肉供应减少,进口量激增;猪肉消费减少,白条鸡、鸡蛋等替代品消费增加;生猪、猪肉和仔猪价格明显上涨,猪肉稳价保供压力大。2020年,生猪产能将逐渐恢复,加上猪肉进口的扩大和储备肉的投放,猪肉供销将趋于稳定。