小伞山羊草染色体的FISH核型分析

采用荧光原位杂交(Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization,FISH)技术分析小伞山羊草染色体的核型特点。结果表明,小伞山羊草共包含7对染色体,其中1 U和5 U染色体各含有1对随体。分别以Oligo-pSc 119.2-1(绿色)与(GAA)7(红色)重复序列为探针对小伞山羊草根尖细胞染色体进行FISH分析,发现Oligo-pSc-119.2-1信号主要分布在染色体的端部及近端部,不同染色体之间的信号强度有所差别。(GAA)7信号主要集中于染色体着丝点附近,不但比Oligo-pSc-119.2-1信号的亮度高,分布丰富,而且在染色体上的分布可与Oligo-pSc-119.2-1信号互补。因此,同时采用Oligo-pSc-119.2-1与(GAA)72种探针能准确地辨别小伞山羊草的每对染色体,建立了小伞山羊草的FISH核型。     

菠萝蜜类胡萝卜素检测方法研究及呈色物质分析

为研究菠萝蜜果肉类胡萝卜素分析方法、分析呈色组分,本研究基于高效液相色谱法检测果肉中类胡萝卜素组分,通过比较不同色泽果肉中类胡萝卜素物质差异,鉴定呈色组分。结果表明,用含0.01%BHT的正己烷∶丙酮∶无水乙醇(2∶1∶1,V/V/V)作为提取液,结合超声震荡、皂化脱脂等步骤,能有效提取菠萝蜜果肉中总类胡萝卜素。组分分析采用YMC carotenoid column C30(4.6×250 mm)色谱柱,二极管阵列检测器(photodiode array,PDA)在450 nm波长下,检测出16种不同的类胡萝卜素组分。定量结果表明,β-柠乌素是红色果肉的呈色组分,紫黄质是黄肉果肉主要的呈色组分。差异组分之间存在一定的代谢关联,即紫黄质合成前体的裂解反应及下游异构化反应是造成果肉色泽差异的潜在原因。     

水稻着丝粒特异组蛋白CENH3抗体的制备与应用

【目的】着丝粒是真核生物染色体的基本功能元件之一,其功能是在细胞有丝分裂和减数分裂时期精确地调控染色体配对和分离并维持染色体的稳定。着丝粒结构是由DNA和蛋白质形成的一种复合体。着丝粒特异组蛋白(centromere-specific histone H3,CENH3)是功能着丝粒是否具有活性的最基本特征。所以制备CENH3的相关抗体是进行着丝粒结构与功能研究的前提条件之一。【方法】通过设计短肽进行兔免疫实验,制备了水稻着丝粒特异组蛋白CENH3兔源抗体,利用ELISA和蛋白免疫荧光(immunofluorescence,IF)等检测方法对抗体有效性进行了鉴定。【结果】ELISA检测显示制备的CENH3抗体有效稀释度为1:40万,并且蛋白免疫荧光信号在水稻体细胞每条染色体的着丝粒区域均能检测到。同时,该抗体也可以应用于玉米等其他物种。通过染色质免疫沉淀(ChIP)技术获得与CENH3相结合的DNA分子,并进行PCR扩增和FISH定位分析,结果显示相应的Ch IP-DNA位于水稻功能着丝粒区域。【结论】本研究制备的水稻CENH3兔源抗体能满足着丝粒研究中相关实验的要求,可进一步应用于着丝粒的结构与功能研究。     

华南型黄瓜新品种‘力丰’

‘力丰’黄瓜是以耐热自交系‘冠农–863’为母本,抗病自交系‘揭阳乌皮青–311’为父本配制而成的杂交一代华南型新品种。植株生长势强,早熟性及丰产性好。瓜圆筒形,瓜长25 cm,单瓜质量400 g左右,品质良,风味佳,耐贮运。耐热,抗枯萎病,一般产量60.0 t·hm~(-2),适合华南地区春秋季及东南亚地区种植。     

Screening of lentiviral vectors carrying effective siRNA targeting S1P2 gene

AIM:To screen the lentiviral vector carrying siRNA with higher efficiency of suppressing the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2(S1P2) gene expression in the primarily cultured corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).METHODS:SHR and SD rats (n=5 each) were used for primarily culturing corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells.The cells were randomly divided into 6 groups:SHR siRNA-1,SHR siRNA-2,SHR siRNA-3,SHR GFP,SHR control (SHR non-transfection group),and SD control (SD rat control group).Each group had 5 samples with 1.0×10⁵ cells of each sample.At 72 h after transfection (MOI=60) with lentiviral vectors carrying S1P2 siRNA into the SHR corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells,the expression of GFP was observed under fluorescence microscope.The protein expression of S1P2,ROCK1,ROCK2 and eNOS in the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells,and the mRNA expression of S1P2,ROCK1 and ROCK2 were determined by by Western blot and RT-PCR.RESULTS:The transfection efficiency of the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells in SHR siRNA-1,SHR siRNA-2,SHR siRNA-3 and SHR GFP groups were>80%.Compared with SHR control group,the mRNA levels and the protein expression of S1P2,ROCK1 and ROCK2 in SHR GFP group showed no remarkable changes,while those in SHR siRNA-1,SHR siRNA-2,SHR siRNA-3 and SD control groups were significantly lower than those in SHR control group (P<0.05).The protein expression of eNOS in SHR siRNA-1,SHR siRNA-2,SHR siRNA-3 and SHR GFP groups were not significantly changed as compared with SHR control group,but that in SD control group was significantly higher than that in SHR control group.CONCLUSION:Three groups of siRNA lentiviral vectors targeting S1P2 inhibit the expression of S1P2 in the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells of SHR,and by silencing the S1P2 expression,the expression of ROCK1 and ROCK2 is inhibited.Among them,siRNA-1 has the highest inhibitory efficiency.     

水芹品质研究现状

水芹是具有保健功能和药用价值的特色水生蔬菜,在长江中下游各省普遍种植和食用。从水芹营养成分、功能物质和药用价值等方面对水芹的品质研究现状进行了综述。     

云南省日极端降水概率特征及时空变化研究

不同重现期的暴雨设计值是推求设计洪水的基础。选取云南省29个气象站1960―2014年日降水资料,采用极大值法和超门限峰值法2种选样方法构成研究数据序列,通过K-S检验、L-矩法和日极端降水等值线图等方法分析了云南省日极端降水的概率特征及时空变化。结果表明,Wakeby分布函数较好地拟合了云南日极端降水序列;不同重现期下,云南省日极端降水量高值区位于滇南江城、勐腊一带,低值区位于滇西北德钦、中甸一带,极端降水量从南向西北呈阶梯状递减。分别计算不同重现期下的日降水量,时段极大值法设计值均大于以日极端降水资料95th分位数作为阈值的超门限峰法设计值。多数气象站基于Wakeby分布计算出的日极端降水设计值大于PⅢ分布函数设计值。     

两种模型分析方法下冬小麦根系吸水深度的对比研究

为了研究冬小麦根系吸水深度,应用塑料管土柱法在田间进行冬小麦种植试验,测定了冬小麦越冬期、拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期和成熟期不同土层深度土壤水稳定同位素值,并应用耦合模型和IsoSource多元线性模型对比分析了水源贡献率。结果表明,冬小麦在越冬期、返青期主要利用0~20 cm土层的土壤水,拔节期主要吸水深度为0~40 cm;抽穗期,基于耦合模型的主要吸水深度为0~40 cm,基于IsoSource多元线性模型的为0~40 cm和80~180 cm;灌浆期,基于耦合模型和IsoSource多元线性模型的主要不同吸水深度为180~200 cm,且基于耦合模型的该层贡献率明显高于IsoSource多元线性模型;成熟期主要利用0~40 cm和80~100 cm土层的土壤水,基于2种模型的分析结果相同。应用耦合模型求解贡献率,当分组较多且组间水稳定同位素差异较小时,应结合其他方法来保证其准确性。     

上海水务标准体系框架解析

为解决行业标准分散和不成体系等问题,提高行业标准化管理水平,通过对现有水务及相关行业技术标准体系的调研分析,结合上海水务专业特色,编制了《上海市水务标准体系表》.本文详述了该体系框架的编制原则、特色、组成单元、框架结构等,并详细说明了该体系表的专业门类和功能序列.     

Improvement of toughness for the hyaluronic acid and adipic acid dihydrazide hydrogel by PEG

New applications call for many new requirements. In order to improve the toughness of aldehyde hyaluronic acid (A-HA) and adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) hydrogel, the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was added. PEG content and molecular weight have little effect on the gelation time, and the composite hydrogels can form in situ within 20 seconds at room temperature. The press test showed that the hydrogels containing PEG possessed a better compression resistance, after pressed more than five times, the composite hydrogels could restore. Rheological properties were measured to evaluate the working ability and the effect of PEG on hydrogels. By analyzing the shear viscosity (η _γ=0.01), yield stress (σ ₀) and threshold shear stress (σ _c ), the addition of PEG can make the structure of composite hydrogels get loose and improve the shear resistance. Especially, PEG800 can enhance the antishear ability obviously. The amplitude sweep tests showed a broad linear viscoelastic region, indicating a wide processing range. In the meanwhile, we also found that PEG can improve the optical transmittance of xerogel evidently.