蓝鳃太阳鱼F1—F3三个子代遗传多样性的RAPD分析

利用随机引物扩增多态DNA(RAPD)对吴江市水产养殖有限公司所采集的蓝鳃太阳鱼亲代、人工繁殖获得的F1-F3代各30尾个体进行遗传多样性分析.从60条随机引物中筛选出条带较好的16条引物进行扩增,共扩增出42个多态位点,多态位点比例为48.3％.三代群体的多态位点比例分别为48.4％、50.8％、45.7％.Shannon多样性指数分别为1.323、1.325、1.125.随着选育的进行,上述各项参数的计算值逐渐降低,反映出选育群体在遗传上逐渐得到纯化,基因型逐步趋向纯合、稳定,经进一步的选育可望获得较稳定的品系.     

云南省农村能源开发利用现状分析

首先介绍了云南能源资源状况,分析了目前云南省农村能源消费结构及其不合理之处,阐述了优化云南农村能源消费结构的重要意义。同时,还介绍了目前云南省在农村能源建设中取得的成绩以及存在的主要问题,并提出了相应的解决方案,对优化云南省农村能源结构、保护生态环境和促进农村经济的可持续发展具有积极的作用。     

生态补偿实现机理探讨

生态补偿是促进生态环境保护的一种经济激励手段。在对多元化的生态补偿概念进行阐述的基础上,结合生态补偿产生的经济学原理,给出影响生态补偿实现机理的相关性分析。结合因子间的相互联系,论述生态补偿实现形式多样化的原因。结合制度理论相关知识,对生态补偿实现机理进行深层次阐述。在对生态补偿政策方针指标适用维度进行分析的基础上,给出推荐的生态补偿政策方针。探讨性给出生态补偿实现框架,并针对实施层面可能出现的问题,给出进一步的完善策略。     

水分胁迫对不同木薯品种叶片生理生化的影响

木薯作为一种重要的亚热带粮食/能源作物,备受重视。为了探索水分胁迫对不同木薯品种的影响,对3个木薯栽培品种进行了不同梯度的干旱处理,利用相关及判别分析方法研究其相关生理生化指标与木薯抗旱性的关系。结果表明,随着水分胁迫强度的增加,不同木薯品种Fv/Fm有不同程度的降低,测试品种中SC124降低幅度最大,SC5变化最小;ABA含量则有所增强,变化幅度因供试品种而异,SC124变化最为显著,SC5增强幅度最小。本次测试的木薯3个品种的抗旱能力显示,SC5相对较耐干旱,SC124相对不耐干旱。     

Soil pre-fumigation could effectively improve the disease suppressiveness of biofertilizer to banana <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium</Emphasis> wilt disease by reshaping the soil microbiome

Two seasonal pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of biofertilizer application after mixture of lime and ammonium bicarbonate (LA) fumigation, on banana Fusarium wilt disease suppression and soil microbial community composition. Biofertilizer application after LA fumigation decreased 80% of disease incidence compared to control of biofertilizer application to non-fumigated soil. Biofertilizer application after fumigation clearly manipulated soil microbial community composition as revealed by non-metric multidimensional scaling and Venn diagram. LA fumigation significantly reduced the abundance of F. oxysporum while biofertilizer application after fumigation could further decrease it. Furthermore, indigenous microbes, e.g., Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Mortierella, were associated with disease suppression. Biofertilizer application after fumigation significantly (p?<?0.05) increased the soil pH and content of soil total C and available P and K, and this probably reshaped soil microbial community as revealed by redundancy analysis and variance partitioning analysis. The observed disease suppression due to biofertilizer application after soil fumigation can be attributed to the reduced abundance of F. oxysporum by general suppression resulting from manipulated soil properties and recovered soil microbiome.     

一种复合黑米、黑芝麻的黑小豆沙货架期预测研究

为探明复合黑米、黑芝麻的黑小豆沙在不同贮藏温度条件下的贮藏特性和货架期。采用不同温度下进行贮藏,定期测定其菌落总数,建立不同温度下生长动力学模型,同时利用10℃和20℃的实际货架期对建立的模型进行验证,得到4℃~25℃条件下货架期预测模型。结果表明:4~25℃条件下货架期预测模型为SL=λ-[(5.016 4-N0)/(μ_(max)×2.718)]×{ln[ln(4-N_0)/(5.016 4-N_0)]-1},结合常温下储藏感官分析和大肠杆菌测定得到25℃保质期为60 d左右。该模型可以为豆沙类产品货架期预测提供参考。     

行业特色型高校创建一流本科教学的探索

本科教学是高校发展的基石,创建行业特色型高校一流本科教学,培育行业一流人才,对攸关国家战略需求的重点行业发展具有无可替代的支撑作用。立足于行业特色型高校"服务行业,彰显特色,引领发展"的长远目标,结合"特色+目标""特色+内涵""特色+举措"三大方面,研究分析创建一流本科教学的努力方向、建设内涵,并以河海大学为例提出特色举措,共同探寻行业特色型高校如何创建一流本科教学。     

Evaluation of resistance of current wheat cultivars and breeding lines to stripe rust from three Gorges reservoir area

Nearly 100,000 ha in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) are in wheat production and the area is a junction where wheat stripe rust overwinters and causes epidemics the next spring; thus the area plays a pivotal role in wheat stripe rust epidemics in China. To better understand wheat resistance levels and the application of Yr genes in this area, 116 wheat cultivars (lines) were collected from the TGRA to investigate stripe rust resistance during the 2014–2016 cropping seasons. Seedling resistance evaluation results indicated that only nine accessions (7.8%) were immune or nearly immune to three predominant races of CYR32, CYR33 and PST-V26. In the field evaluation, 51 accessions (43.9%) showed adult-plant resistance, whereas 56 accessions (48.3%) were susceptible. The application of resistant sources focused on ineffective Yr9 (26.7%) and Yr17 (18.9%), and gradual ineffective Yr26 (34.5%), while effective Yr5, Yr10 and Yr15 were absent. Among them, 21 accessions (18.1%) were combined with two resistance genes. Both low resistance and more concentrated use of Yr genes indicated that this region faces a major risk for a wheat stripe rust epidemic. To improve the wheat resistance level in the TGRA, it is important to discover new all-stage resistance resources and diversify resistance resources for breeding.     

柑橘链格孢褐斑病病菌对异菌脲和嘧菌环胺敏感性评价

柑橘链格孢褐斑病(Alternaria brown spot,ABS)是新近在我国局部地区新发现的病害。本研究以来自我国各褐斑病发生区的54个代表菌株为群体,应用刃天青(RZ)显色法测定病菌群体对异菌脲和嘧菌环胺的敏感性。结果表明,该病菌种群孢子萌发对2种药剂均表现敏感,尚未发现抗药性菌株,平均EC50分别为0.616 6μg/m L和0.030 4μg/m L。对于异菌脲,广西和浙江菌株较不敏感;对于嘧菌环胺,所有菌株均非常敏感,且敏感性与菌株的地理来源无关。     

Metal accumulation in House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) from Thohoyandou,Limpopo province,South Africa

Studies on metal pollution (cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, manganese and nickel) in South African terrestrial environments are severely lacking. Due to being relatively unaffected by industrialisation, the Thohoyandou region may provide data on natural levels of metals for use as baseline data. The House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) was chosen as a bio-indicator of metal pollution due to its abundance, non-migratory lifestyle and close association with humans. The aims were to determine the viability of using feathers as a non-lethal bio-indicator tissue compared with muscle. Plume feathers, flight feathers and muscle tissue were analysed using ICP-OES techniques. Analyses of tissue metal concentrations identified the following trend: plume feather > flight feather > muscle tissue. Within the Thohoyandou region, Magondi, which was affected by anthropogenic activities at the time of sampling, had significantly higher concentrations (p ≤ 0.05) for each of the metals, indicating potential metal contamination from various sources. Alternatively, Makonde had the lowest metal concentrations and may be an important reference site for future comparative studies. The results showed that the House Sparrow can be used as a bio-indicator organism in South African terrestrial environments. The plume feathers indicate that they are a good non-lethal tissue for determining metal pollution levels on a temporal scale, indicating recent metal exposure.