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71.
Panda AK Rao SV Raju MV Niranjan M Reddy MR 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(2):293-299
A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of metabolizable energy (ME) with graded incremental
levels of crude protein (CP) and essential amino acids (lysine and methionine) on production performance, egg quality and
humoral immune response of Dahlem Red laying hens. Four experimental diets based on maize–soybean meal-deoiled rice bran were
prepared. Diet 1 was fed as a control diet containing 2,600 kcal ME/kg, 15% CP, 0.75% Lys and 0.36% Met, and in the other
three diets (D2, D3 and D4), concentrations of the above nutrients were increased by 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5%, respectively. The
levels of Ca (3.5%) and available P (0.32) were constant in all the diets. Each diet was offered ad libitum from 28 to 40 weeks
of age to eight replicates containing six birds in each replicate. The egg production, egg weight and egg mass (in grams of
egg per hen per day) were not affected by increasing the nutrient density up to 7.5% (2,795 kcal ME/kg diet) compared to the
control group (2,600 ME/kg diet). However, feed consumption and feed efficiency (in grams of egg per gram of feed) were influenced
by the variation in the nutrient density of diets. As the nutrient density increased by 5% (2,730 ME/kg diet), birds consumed
significantly (P < 0.001) less feed. The birds in the 7.5% higher density group produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher egg mass per unit feed consumption compared to the control diet. Increasing nutrient density up to 7.5% had
no effect on relative weight of albumen, yolk or shell. The Haugh unit, yolk colour and shell thickness were also not affected
due to variation in the nutrient density. The humoral immune response measured at 34 and 40 weeks was progressively improved
by increasing the nutrient density up to 5%. Increasing the nutrient density beyond 5% in the diet had no further influence
on the humoral immune response. Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that Dahlem Red laying hens
required 2,795 kcal/kg ME, 16% CP, 0.8% lysine and 0.4% methionine for eliciting optimum performance and immune response during
28 to 40 weeks of age. 相似文献
72.
Sida cordifolia L., Croton bonplandianum L., Malachra capitata L., Eclipta prostrata L., Clerodendron inerme L., Acalypha indica L., and Urena lobata L. are common weeds found all over India. They are often infected by different begomovirus complexes and may act as reservoirs
of crop-infecting begomoviruses. Cloning and sequencing were done to partially characterize the begomovirus complexes associated
with these weed species from the eastern part of India and their genetic pattern was compared with respective geographical
isolates throughout India. Coat protein (CP) genes were found to be amplified from all the infected samples tested in this
study, whereas betasatellite molecules amplified only from four infected samples (Sida, Croton, Malachra and Urena). Sequence analysis using CP genes and betasatellites of the present begomovirus complexes showed significant variation among
their geographical isolates and also exhibited closeness to different crop-infecting begomovirus complexes. The majority of
the weed-infecting begomovirus complexes characterized in this paper are reported for the first time from India. 相似文献
73.
74.
Celastrus paniculatus Willd. (Celastraceae) is an important medicinal tree valued for its seeds. Indiscriminate collection of this plant from the
habitat zones has posed a serious threat to its existence in the wild, results in globally a threatened plant species. Ex
situ conservation is a prioritized agenda of research for redlisted plant species. Semi-hardwood stem cuttings collected from
10 to 15 year old trees were treated with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 g l−1) of growth hormones; indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for positive
effect on root induction. After 90 days of treatment, results were analyzed for percentage of rooting, root number and average
root length per rooted cuttings. The highest rooting (57%) response with highest number of roots (~77.2) was obtained in indole-3-acetic
acid at 3.0 g l−1. Overall, high significant (P ≤ 0.05) rooting response was noticed in IAA treatment comparative to hormones IBA and NAA. Rooted cuttings exhibited 100%
survival in the experimental field. This study reveals the propagation of semi-hardwood cuttings derived from partially matured
branches is possible and it provides a basis for conservation of this threatened plant species by reducing pressure on its
natural populations. 相似文献
75.
The n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of whole plants of Dysophylla stellata significantly inhibited edema when applied topically at doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/ear in TPA-induced ear edema assay in mice. Further, both the extracts were evaluated for COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activities and showed 85.42 and 57.38%; and 71.79 and 89.27% inhibition at 50 µg/ml, respectively. Chromones (1 and 2) present in these extracts could be responsible for their COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities. The ethyl acetate extract showed antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay where as n-hexane extract found to be inactive. 相似文献
76.
Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) (Geminiviridae : Begomovirus), the causative agent of leaf curl disease in cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum), is exclusively transmitted by whitefly species Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). CLCuV transmission occurs in Sriganganagar (Rajasthan), an area endemic with cotton leaf curl disease. The relationships between plant viruses, their herbivore vectors and host plants can be beneficial, neutral, or antagonistic, depending on the species involved. To further understand these relationships, fecundity and life history parameters of an indigenous non- b (Asia II genetic group) biotype whitefly, B. tabaci, were compared on 10, 25, and 40 days post-inoculation (DPI), in CLCuV-infected and healthy cotton plants to determine the effect of virus on its vector. The development time of the immature stages of whiteflies was significantly reduced on CLCuV-infected plants. The development time of the immature stages did not change with severity of symptoms at 25 and 40 DPI (45- and 60-d-old plants). Cotton leaf curl virus infection increased percent egg viability of B. tabaci. Whiteflies deposited significantly fewer eggs on virus-infected plants than on healthy plants. Whiteflies had better egg viability on younger plants than older plants, whereas plant age did not affect the fecundity. Male and female whiteflies had shorter longevity on CLCuV-infected plants than on healthy plants. 相似文献
77.
78.
B. K. Ramachandrappa G. R. Maruthi Sankar A. Sathish G. N. Dhanapal M. A. Shankar B. M. K. Raju 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(12):1476-1492
Field experiments were conducted in farmyard manure (FYM) and maize-residue (MR) blocks during 1984–2011 with the objective of identifying a superior treatment for attaining maximum finger millet yield and soil fertility at Bangalore. The treatments tested in the FYM block were Control; FYM@10tha?1; FYM@10tha?1 + 50% nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK); FYM@10tha?1 + 100%NPK; 100%NPK; and in the MR block, Control; MR@5tha?1; MR@5t ha?1 + 50%NPK; MR@5tha?1 + 100%NPK; 100%NPK. FYM@10t/ha + 100%NPK gave a maximum mean yield of 3207 kg/ha in the FYM block, while MR@5t/ha + 100%NPK gave 2548 kg/ha in the MR block. Regression and principal component (PC) models of yield were developed through soil fertility and rainfall variables to assess the treatments. Maximum yield predictability of 60% and 65% under regression, and 76% and 75% under the PC model were observed for the FYM and MR blocks, respectively. FYM@10t/ha + 50%NPK was superior, with maximum gross returns of Rs.41286/ha and benefit–cost ratio (BCR) of 2.27 in the FYM block compared to MR@5t/ha + 100%NPK (gross returns of Rs.34530/ha and BCR of 2.09) in the MR block with maximum soil fertility, and are recommended for adoption under semi-arid Alfisols. 相似文献
79.
1. The comparative response of naked neck (Nana) broiler chickens and their normally feathered (nana) full sibs to varied dietary energy levels was assessed under natural ambient conditions in a subtropical climate in two separate trials, one in winter (19.0 to 26.0 degrees C) and the other in summer (28.1 to 37.4 degrees C). 2. The chickens were fed on diets with 10.9, 11.5 or 12.1 MJ ME/kg and with a constant protein content of 200 g/kg from 1 to 42 d of age. 3. Both genotypes showed similar body weight, food intake and food conversion efficiency at 42 d of age. Body weight and food conversion efficiency improved on the diet with the highest energy content. 4. Apparent retention (AR) of crude protein (CP) was higher in nana chickens than in their Nana sibs in the winter trial, while no differences were observed for AR of dry matter (DM), crude fibre (CF), ether extract (EE) or calcium. In the summer trial, no difference in nutrient retention was seen between the genotypes. Increasing dietary energy had a positive influence on AR of DM, CP and EE. 5. The relative weights of feathers and skin were lower in Nana chickens than in their normal counterparts. Ready-to-cook yields were greater at the high dietary energy content, while abdominal fat increased with increasing energy content. Nana chickens had more skin protein and less fat in breast muscle and skin than their normal sibs in the summer trial. 6. It was concluded that the Nana broiler chickens showed similar performance and did not differ in dietary energy requirements in comparison to their nana sibs under natural ambient conditions in a subtropical climate. 相似文献
80.
M Sudekum R H Poppenga N Raju W E Braselton 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,200(6):817-818
A dog was treated for fleas with the application of pennyroyal oil obtained by the owner at a health food store. Vomiting ensued within 2 hours, and despite emergency treatment, the dog died within 48 hours. At necropsy, pennyroyal oil was determined to be the cause of death. 相似文献