浅谈饲料实验室的管理

质量管理国际化已是当今发展趋势,实验室检验质量管理也应跟上形势,再不能采用行政管理的办法,更不能简单采用一般技术管理方法.实验室管理是对检验工作全过程实行管理,它必须依靠全体工作人员,用管理技术、专业技术、统计方法相结合形成的科学管理方法,来预防质量事故的发生,保证检验结果的可靠性.     

Genetic variation in captive population of chinese alligator, Alligator sinensis, revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) is an endemic species in China. The likely extinction of it in the wild has been recognised. To prevent this species becoming extinct, the Anhui Research Centre of Chinese Alligator Reproduction (ARCCAR) was established in Xuanzhou, Anhui Province in 1979, where has been established the largest captive population of Chinese alligator (XZSP) in the world. Another farm (CXSP) was established by villagers in Changxin, Zhejiang Province. The results of an investigation of the two captive subpopulation structures by genetic analysis are presented in this paper. We examined the genetic variation in the two captive subpopulations using RAPDs. Thirty-one random primers were selected among 199 random primers screened. A total of 193 reproducible RAPD fragments were scored among 43 individuals, of which 21 (10.88%) were polymorphic. The genetic distances between 43 individuals ranged from 0 to 0.0376 with average of 0.0104±0.0055 S.E. The genetic similarity in CXSP (0.9948±0.0029 S.E.) was higher than that in XZSP (0.9894±0.0055 S.E.). The founder effect is a possible explanation for very low genetic variation in CXSP. Analysis of the RAPD data showed that the mean phenotypic band frequencies of each polymorphic loci was 0.6656±0.3730 S.E. The lowest phenotypic band frequency (0.0233) was found in four of those polymorphic loci. There was no genetic difference between the two subpopulations (D_ij=0.0009). According to the dendrogram and the distribution of polymorphic fragments in two subpopulations, CXSP originated genetically from XZSP. This paper summarises a preliminary research on genetic structure in populations of Chinese alligator. Although there is higher genetic similary (0.9896±0.0055 S.E.) in captive population of A. sinensis, we did not determine whether or not loss of genetic variation had occurred in relation to a wild control population. The data of malformed offspring will be collected carefully, and wild samples be added to set up a control population in future study.     

L-肉碱在水产动物中的应用

肉碱学名γ-三甲胺-β-羟丁酸，它的结构与甜菜碱以及胆碱相似，是一种类维生素营养素。肉碱是长链脂肪酸进入线粒体进行β-氧化所必需的，它的分子量为162，分为左旋和右旋两种异构体。由于肉碱乙酰转移酶和肉碱脂酰转移酶的相互竞争性抑制了D-肉碱乙酰转移酶的活性，因此，D-肉碱不具有生理活性．实际发挥作用的只有L-肉碱。L-肉碱主要存在水产动物骨骼肌和心肌中，且成年水产动物的肝、肾和脑可利用赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、烟酸、维生素战、维生素C以及二价铁离子合成肉碱。     

镇海巨高长毛兔体重与产毛性能相关的研究

利用原全国家兔育种委员会2000年长毛兔性能测定数据,分析研究了镇海巨高长毛兔12月龄时体重与产毛性能的相关。结果表明:母兔的体重、标准含水率产毛量、单次产毛率和估测年产毛率均显著或极显著地高于公兔;随着体重的增加,标准含水率产毛量相应地提高,单次产毛率和估测年产毛率相应地下降;体重与标准含水率产毛量、单次产毛率的相关系数分别为0.225、-0.324(P<0.01);标准含水率产毛量与单次产毛率的相关系数为0.845(P<0.01)。     

美系獭兔与皱襞型獭兔染色体核型研究

采用外周血淋巴细胞培养法,分析并比较了美系獭兔与皱襞型獭兔的染色体核型。结果表明:美系獭兔和皱襞型獭兔二倍体细胞染色体数均为2n=44,其中21对常染色体、1对性染色体,性染色体XX(♀)、XY(♂)。常染色体分为4组,A组(1～9号)为中着丝粒染色体,B组(10～13号)为近中着丝粒染色体,C组(14～17号)为近端着丝粒染色体,D组(18～21号)为端着丝粒染色体;X为近中着丝粒染色体,Y为端着丝粒染色体。两组兔常规染色体核型基本一致。     

牧草引种试验报告

试验所用材料共3科23属143种,其中国外84种,国内59种,保存下来共106种.禾本科牧草大部分引自加拿大萨斯卡吞农业试验站.经1986～1988年在内蒙古呼和浩特市试种观察,适于在草甸草原地区补播的草种有无芒雀麦(锡林浩特)、杂交雀麦(加拿大)、草甸雀麦(加拿大)、多叶老芒麦;适于典型草原补播的草种有冰草(美国)、沙生冰草(美国)、扁穗冰草(加拿大)、冰草(加拿大);适于黄土高原区撂荒地植被补播的草种有蒙古冰草(内蒙古畜科院)、细茎冰草(加拿大)和苏联野麦草(加拿大).     

草珊瑚林间栽培习性及收获模型

简介草珊瑚林间栽培适宜环境及鲜叶、地上鲜重、叶面积３个预估模型。     

数字超短波系统在森林防火中的应用

通过对当前我国森林防火灭火通信系统建设情况的分析,提出了采用先进的TDD-TDMA技术,以超短波通信为基础,综合运用现代各种通信及计算机网络技术和软件技术,有效实现数话实时同传、实现双工通信、实现系统内自动转信、实现高速数据通信、实现单频点双路转信;实施空中和端端加密,解决通信保密;系统具有智能化的组网功能,能进行数模兼容通信,能实现各种有、无线及卫星通信设备及计算机网络设备之间的综合集成和互联互通,对解决当前设备技术滞后,克服盲区死角,实现指挥透明,确保"火场通"、"动中通"等问题进行了有益探索,并取得了一些突破性成就.