柳沟灌区的盐碱土改良

农七师车排子垦区柳沟灌区,原有柳沟一、二、三场,面积59万余亩。由于盐碱危害,生产状况和经济状况日益恶化,难以自立。在60年代初,与原25团合并,成为现今的125团的三个营,近年来进行大规模的盐碱土改良工作,取得了显著的效果。基本情况改良效果的观测主要在二营(原柳沟三场)进行,二营面积10.67万亩,可耕地8.85万亩,位于灌区南部、天山北麓,奎屯河与四棵树之间。区内由南向北倾斜,地势低平,坡降1-3‰,土壤多为粉粒中壤和重壤,1-2米以下,广泛分布着红棕色粘土层,因而地下水迳流呈封闭状态,极其不畅,主要靠地面蒸发和植物蒸腾维持平衡。地下水埋深1-1.5米;低洼区接近地面。矿化度20-30克/升,最高达88.45克/升。高矿化与高水位成为土壤盐渍化迅速发展的根本原因。     

乌鳢生长发育的生态因子及其流行病的防治

对非生物生态因子———水、光照、温度、溶氧、降水等和生物生态因子———食物、流行病和群体密度等对乌鳢生长发育的影响及流行病的防治进行了综述。     

刍议动物防疫行政执法鉴定结论的合法性

动物防疫行政执法的鉴定行为是指动物防疫行政执法过程中执法机关及其执法人员对管理相对人所经营的动物及动物产品、运输工具、经营场所等的合法性予以评定的活动,通过一定的程序和方法得出足以说明管理相对人的经营行为是否合法的结论,此结论亦可称为动物     

生沛素对皖系粗毛兔生产性能的影响

选择42日龄皖系粗毛兔幼兔42只,根据体重、性别,随机分成3组,分别饲喂含1‰、2‰生沛素日粮和对照组日粮.结果表明,添加1‰、2‰生沛素组产毛量比对照组分别提高17.5%(P＜0.01)和19.1%(P＜0.01);增重提高11.2%(P＜0.05)和12.5%(P＜0.05);每只兔一次产毛的经济效益比对照组分别提高2.96元和1.13元.另外,添加生沛素的试验组兔毛品质也比对照组有所提高和改善.     

水分对硝酸磷肥中氮的扩散及其肥效的影响

国产硝酸磷肥含氮27%,磷13.5%。所含速效氮中硝态氮均占一半。研究麦田不同水分对硝酸磷肥中硝态氮在土壤中扩散结果显示,硝态氮在土壤中下移深度与土壤湿润峰的深度基本一致,在小麦越冬期有表聚现象。当灌水量为田间持水量时,硝态氮移动深度为40～50cm,是在主要根系活动层内,这对小麦吸收有利,不会产生氮的流失。等氮磷条件下,硝酸磷肥与磷铵加尿素在北方地区有同样肥效。     

陇南红芪无公害栽培技术

从栽培地的选择、采种与种子处理、育苗、移栽、大田管理、采挖与粗加工等方面介绍了陇南市红芪无公害栽培技术。     

"双链型"草-鹅-稻生态农业模式高产高效配套技术

提出了“双链型”单-鹅-稻生态农业模式，总结了稻田套种牧草的方法和田间管理技术，探讨了种草与养鹅在时间上的相互衔接，以提高牧草的产量和利用率，进行了稻田套种牧草养鹅与种植小麦的比较效益分析。该配套技术的实施，为当前开展农业结构调整开辟了一条新路。     

Correlated responses from selection for income minus food cost in pullets on traits in older hens

1. After 5 generations of selection on income minus food cost between 21 and 40 weeks of age (SECR), a correlated genetic improvement of 14.5% and 16.3% of the base population mean could be observed for income minus food cost between 41 and 60 weeks (IF60) in two lines of laying hens. The total responses up to 60 weeks amounted to 17.2% and 17.3% of the base population mean. A heritability of 0.30 for IF60 and a genetic correlation of 0.61 between SECR and IF60 were estimated.

2. The correlated relative genetic responses for 5 traits of the period between 41 and 60 weeks of age for the two lines were: 4.3% and 5.2% in egg number, 5.8% and 7.4% in egg weight, 8.4% and 10.8% in egg mass, ‐2.7% and ‐0.6% in body weight at 60 weeks, and ‐5.2% and ‐6.3% in food efficiency.

3. The estimated heritabilities of these 5 traits from the whole data set were 0.36, 0.75, 0.34, 0.71 and 0.17. The estimated genetic correlations between SECR and the same 5 traits were 0.30, 0.46, 0.61, ‐0.22 and ‐0.49.

4. A high genetic correlation of income minus food cost with egg weight and a low one with egg number were found in pullets, but the relationships were reversed in older hens.     

Effects of an induced pause in egg production and supplementation of the diet with iron on egg shell colour,quality and performance of brown egg layers

1. A pause in egg production was induced in brown‐egg laying hens, aged 68 weeks, by feeding them whole oats for 7 d. Subsequently, these hens, together with control groups, were given laying diets with either 400 or 600 mg/kg iron. The 200 mg/kg of supplemental iron was added in the form of either ferrous sulphate or iron proteinate (chelated iron).

2. The feeding of whole oats halted egg production in 5.7 ±0.22 d and the duration of the pause was 8.3 ±0.78 d.

3. The induction of a pause improved the subsequent rate of egg production, egg output, efficiency of food utilisation, albumen quality, egg specific gravity and shell colour. It also increased food intake and body weight gain but neither egg weight nor the rate of mortality were affected.

4. Neither supplementation of the diet with iron nor its source had any significant effect on laying performance, egg quality or shell colour.     

Studies on acid oils and fatty acids for chickens. III. Effect of chemical composition on metabolisable energy of by‐products of vegetable oil refining

1. Fourteen by‐products of oil refining, selected for their variability in free fatty acid and unsaponifiable contents, were analysed chemically with the objective of relating the determined ME values of the products to chemical composition by means of multiple linear regression analysis. Refined sunflower oil was included as a reference fat.

2. Twenty‐one 2‐week‐old chicks were used to determine fat digestibilities and AMEn values of diets, using the total collection method. Fats were included in a wheat‐soyabean meal diet at 100 g/kg. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to express the ME values of fats as functions of the parameters measured (moisture, gross energy, impurities, unsaponifiables, non eluted material, free fatty acid content, unsaturated: saturated ratio, peroxide value, TBA test).

3. The ME of the fat products lay in the range 12.62 to 24.35 MJ/kg, and 29.26 MJ/kg for refined sunflower oil. Free fatty acid content of the fats was shown to be a poor predictor of their ME values, whereas non eluted material (NEM) of the fat products showed a good correlation with their ME. A regression equation could be derived (R² = 0.6548; SEE = 2–0064) with the unsaturated: saturated ratio (U:S) and NEM. An ME prediction equation based on the U:S, NEM and unsaponifiable content is also proposed (R² = 0–7168; SEE= 1.9058).