上海都市农业可持续发展的产业形态研究

提出上海都市农业作为与都市经济发展和人民生活息息相关的基础产业,应当优先实施可持续发展战略。上海都市农业的可持续发展,一定要走农业产业化的道路。具体来讲,就是要建设以下两大类型6种产业形态的都市农业:(1)产品型都市农业,包括生态农业、设施农业、创汇农业等;(2)服务型都市农业,包括绿化农业、旅游农业、休闲农业等。     

Rhizospheric and heterotrophic respiration of a warm-temperate oak chronosequence in China

Plot trenching and root decomposition experiments were conducted in a warm-temperate oak chronosequence (40-year-old, 48-year-old, 80-year-old, and 143-year-old) in China. We partitioned total soil surface CO₂ efflux (R_S) into heterotrophic (R_H) and rhizospheric (R_R) components across the growing season of 2009. We found that the temporal variation of R_R and R_H can be well explained by soil temperature (T₅) at 5 cm depth using exponential equations for all forests. However, R_R of 40-year-old and 48-year-old forests peaked in September, while their T₅ peaks occurred in August. R_R of 80-year-old and 143-year-old forests showed a similar pattern to T₅. The contribution of R_R to R_S (RC) of 40-year-old and 48-year-old forests presented a second peak in September. Seasonal variation of R_R may be accounted for by the different successional stages. Cumulative R_H and R_R during the growing season varied with forest age. The estimated R_H values for 40-year-old, 48-year-old, 80-year-old and 143-year-old forests averaged 431.72, 452.02, 484.62 and 678.93 g C m⁻², respectively, while the corresponding values of R_R averaged 191.94, 206.51, 321.13 and 153.03 g C m⁻². The estimated RC increased from 30.78% in the 40-year-old forest to 39.85% in the 80-year-old forest and then declined to 18.39% in the 143-year-old forest. We found soil organic carbon (SOC), especially the light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), stock at 0-10 cm soil depth correlated well with R_H. There was no significant relationship between R_R and fine root biomass regardless of stand age. Measured apparent temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) of R_H (3.93 ± 0.27) was significantly higher than that of R_R (2.78 ± 0.73). Capillary porosity decreased as stand age increased and it was negatively correlated to cumulative R_S. Our results emphasize the importance of partitioning soil respiration in evaluating the stand age effect on soil respiration and its significance to future model construction.     

鸡盲肠扁桃体组织结构早期发育的动态观察

本研究利用HE染色方法结合图像分析软件和数据统计软件,观察雏鸡不同生长发育阶段盲肠扁桃体的组织学发育过程和结构特征。结果显示:随着日龄的增长,盲肠扁桃体特征结构不断发育成熟,并在21日龄时基本达到成熟水平。21日龄时,盲肠扁桃体粘膜层中下部形成生发中心,其数目在35日龄时达到稳定。证实,鸡出壳后初期,盲肠扁桃体免疫功能迅速增强,并在35日龄时达到成熟水平。     

浅谈中国特色进出境动植物检验检疫体系中的公共关系

本文在阐述中国特色进出境动植物检验检疫公共关系概念的基础上,分析我国进出境动植物检验检疫公共关系的现状,论述了构建检验检疫公共关系的重要性;并初步探讨了构建良好公共关系的原则及方法。     

吉林省半干旱地区种植机械化生产工艺的改革与试验

阐述了吉林省半干旱地区种植机械化生产工艺改革的依据与特点,介绍了耕整地联合作业机和镇压式抗旱播种机性能与结构设计的原则和成果,并报导了施肥对播种出苗的影响、深松与镇压对种床土壤墒情的影响等。     

Degradation pathway of dicyclanil in water in the presence of titanium dioxide. Comparison with photolysis

The solar photolytic behavior of the pesticide 4,6-diamino-2-cyclopropyl-pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile, currently known as dicyclanil, has been mimicked in a photoreactor operating with an artificial light flux. The rate and pathway of degradation were performed. An additional study, using TiO(2) photocatalysis, has been achieved in order to determine the efficiency of photocatalysis to degrade the molecule. The catalyst was titania Degussa P-25. The aim of this article was the identification of the intermediate products formed during the irradiation, to establish the degradation pathway of dicyclanil. The kinetics of the reactions were followed by liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (LC-DAD). Most of the organic compounds occurring during the photodegradation have been identified by means of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry coupled techniques (HPLC-MS). Additional analyses were carried out to evaluate the mineralization rates into nitrate and ammonium ions.     

黑玉米杂交种“黑糯941”的选育及应用研究

通过突变黑粒种质的纯化、筛选,采用回交转育法将黑粒种质导入到白糯玉米育种材料中再选系或转育成黑粒同型系,组配黑糯玉米杂交种.根据育种目标,经籽粒色泽、品质、抗逆性鉴定和产量配合力的测交试验,决选出适合作母本和父本的品系组成“黑糯941”杂交种.经初步生产检验和示范已获较好效果.     

自然状态下竹子的抗寒性研究

在自然状况下,研究了几个竹种叶片的电导率与叶绿素含量随温度的变化趋势,并对几个竹种的抗寒性强弱进行了分析对比。结果表明,叶绿素含量与温度的变化成正相关,电导率与温度的变化成负相关。在这几个竹种中黄秆京竹、罗汉竹、淡竹的抗寒性较强,平安竹、黄槽石绿竹、黄秆乌哺鸡抗寒性中等,紫竹、黄条金刚竹、翠竹、铺地竹、菲白竹抗寒性最弱。     

提水泵站空流段流量配合问题探讨

通过对水泵性能差异引起的水泵出水量的变化分析,提出了调节级间流量差的小机组流量的确定方法,解决了多级提水泵站空流段的级间流量配合问题。     

红花刺槐茎段组织培养研究

红花刺槐为刺槐的变型,其组织培养至今尚未见报道。为提高红花刺槐的繁殖系数,进行了红花刺槐茎段外植体诱导成活、初代培养基和继代培养基以及生根培养基的筛选试验,并对愈伤组织成苗进行了探索。结果表明当年生枝条茎段组织培养春天比秋天成活率高,绿色致密的愈伤组织能够成苗。初代培养以SH为基本培养基为好,继代培养以B5为基本培养基为好,生根培养以1/2MS为基本培养基为好,繁殖系数达每芽30天4.7株,生根率为84.4%。表7参22。