The Effect of Supplementation with Fresh Browse of Ziziphus mauritiana or Combretum aculeatum on Feed Intake,Nitrogen Utilization and Growth of Grazing Range Sheep

The influence of 0, 60 or 120 min access to a grove of either Ziziphus mauritiana (Ziziphus) or Combretum aculeatum (Combretum) on forage intake and on the digestibility, growth and excretion of nutrients was determined using 40 Oudah rams grazing for 7 h/day on poor-quality dry season pasture in the Sahel. The effects of browse species and browsing duration (0, 30, 60 or 120 min) on the ruminal ammonia content were also evaluated using 8 mature fistulated rams. Ziziphus increased both total digestible organic matter and total dry matter intakes per (kg live weight)^0.75 without decreasing herbage intake, whereas 60 or 120 min access to Combretum reduced herbage intake by 6.3% and 4.2%, respectively. The digestibility of the diet decreased (p<0.05) with the duration of access to the groves. Despite the provision of more nitrogen (N) than in the control diet, ruminal NH₃-N decreased 24 h after browsing commenced. The reduced live weight gain of sheep browsing Combretum may indicate more deleterious compounds in Combretum than in Ziziphus. Ziziphus appears to have more potential than Combretum to increase sheep production in low-input crop/livestock systems.     

基于荧光显色的环介导等温扩增技术(LAMP)检测禽呼肠孤病毒

建立了一种基于荧光显色的禽呼肠孤病毒(ARV)环介导等温扩增(LAMP)检测方法.该检测方法使用针对ARV的p10基因8个区域的6条LAMP引物,能够在等温(63℃)条件下1h内完成反应,具有良好的敏感性和特异性,最低能够检出102个拷贝的病毒,敏感性比普通PCR高100倍,而对其他病毒检测结果为阴性.在荧光显色中分别应用SYBR Green Ⅰ和钙黄绿素作为显色剂,其结果与琼脂糖凝胶电泳一致.在对80份临床样本的检测中,使用LAMP和PCR检测出阳性样本的数量分别为68份和55份.因此,基于荧光显色的LAMP方法可以应用于ARV的快速检测,具有在科研机构、基层实验室特别是检测现场推广和应用的潜力.     

Magnetic resonance imaging of the normal bovine digit

The purpose of this study was defining the normal structures of the digits and hoof in Holstein dairy cattle using Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI). Transverse, Sagital and Dorsoplantar MRI images of three isolated cattle cadaver digits were obtained using Gyroscan T5-NT a magnet of 0.5 Tesla and T1 Weighted sequence. The MRI images were compared to corresponding frozen cross-sections and dissect specimens of the cadaver digits. Relevant anatomical structures were identified and labeled at each level. The MRI images provided anatomical detail of the digits and hoof in Holstein dairy cattle. Transversal images provided excellent depiction of anatomical structures when compared to corresponding frozen cross-sections. The information presented in this paper would serve as an initial reference to the evaluation of MRI images of the digits and hoof in Holstein dairy cattle, that can be used by radiologist, clinicians, surgeon or for research propose in bovine lameness.     

世界各国动物源残留监控体系概况

本文着重介绍了欧盟、美国和澳大利亚的动物源残留监控情况并对2009年的监控报告进行了分析总结。     

鹅ACSL4基因克隆及其与肝脂质沉积的关系研究

本研究旨在克隆鹅长链酯酰辅酶A合成酶4(ACSL4)基因,探讨其与鹅肝脂质沉积的关系和品种间的表达差异。本实验通过RT-PCR、实时定量等技术扩增鹅ACSL4基因CDS、检测了该基因在皮脂、腹脂、肝脏等10个组织中的表达情况及填饲对其在肝脏中表达的影响,并探讨其表达量与血浆胰岛素、鹅肝脏甘油三酯(TG)、肝重等指标间的相关性。结果表明:鹅ACSL4基因CDS全长2 013 bp,编码670个氨基酸。保守结构预测发现,其蛋白质与哺乳动物一样,也存在2个保守功能区(ATP/AMP motif和FACS motif),它与鸡、人、猪、小鼠、大鼠的同源性分别为96.9%、80.4%、80.1%、78.5%、78.4%;组织表达结果显示,该基因主要于大脑、腹脂、心肌、睾丸等组织中表达,而在肝脏中表达相对较低;填饲引起ACSL4 mRNA在鹅肝脏的表达丰度极显著增加(P<0.01);且与肝脏脂质沉积相关指标呈显著正相关(P<0.05),暗示其在鹅肝脂肪变性中可能扮演着重要的角色。     

Effects of plane of nutrition on growth,feed intake,digestibility and nitrogen balance in Murrah graded male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves in Nepal

An experiment was conducted using 17 male buffalo calves to assess the effects of plane of nutrition on dry matter intake (DMI), daily gain (DG), body size measurement, apparent digestibility and nitrogen (N) balance. To attain 250 kg BW, the calves were allocated into three groups: H, L‐H and L, receiving the concentrate at 1.50% of BW, 0.75% of BW until 190 kg BW and 1.50% thereafter and 0.75% of BW, respectively. The animals had ad libitum access to urea‐treated rice straw (UTRS). The DMI of UTRS through the experiment was higher in L and L‐H than H, showing 3.52, 2.90 and 2.62 kg/day, respectively (P < 0.01), but the total DMI did not differ among the treatment groups. The DG throughout the experiment was high in the order of H, L‐H and L, showing 0.72, 0.57 and 0.45 kg, respectively (P < 0.01). The digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral and acid detergent fiber and N retention were higher in H than in L (P < 0.05). The findings of this study thus revealed the greater DG has an advantage of shortening the growing period around 3 months, and consequently increasing benefit in fattening of buffalo calves in Nepal.     

以超滤技术浓缩猪细小病毒含毒细胞液的试验

在研制猪细小病毒灭活疫苗时,应用了超滤浓缩技术,提高了合毒细胞培养液中的抗原含量。为了保证浓缩的流量,减少对滤膜的污染,对含毒细胞培养液作了预处理一离心及微滤,以便除去细胞培养液中的细胞碎片、蛋白质等大分子物质及固形微粒。超滤时选用50000Da滤膜,在20psig压力下,经过5倍浓缩的PPV细胞培养液,血凝滴度提高2个滴度以上。病毒含量测定表明,TCID50／0．2mL由107左右升至109以上,以其配制疫苗,能显著地提高疫苗的免疫原性。超滤技术具有易于操作、高效、分离精度高、没有二次污染等优点,可以根据需要选择不同的浓缩浓度,对保证疫苗的质量具有重要作用。