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排序方式: 共有79条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Toshiyuki Usami Mizuho Itoh Yoshimiki Amemiya 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(6):422-427
Verticillium dahliae, a soilborne plant pathogen, causes wilt disease in many important crops. We reported previously that the mating type gene
MAT1-2-1 is spread to isolates of this asexual fungus. However, we did not determine whether V. dahliae is homothallic or heterothallic because the opposite mating type gene, MAT1-1-1, had not been identified. In the present study, we identified the MAT1-1-1 gene from an isolate lacking MAT1-2-1 and the mating type idiomorphs of V. dahliae. Each isolate we tested contained either the MAT1-1 or MAT1-2 idiomorph, indicating that the asexual fungus V. dahliae is potentially heterothallic. 相似文献
22.
Kengo Ishimaru Toshimitsu Hata Paul Bronsveld Takashi Nishizawa Yuji Imamura 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(5):442-448
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) preheated at 700°C was subsequently heated to 1800°C and characterized by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and micro-Raman
spectroscopy. The degree of disorder of carbon crystallites and the amount of amorphous phase decreased considerably with
an increase in heat treatment temperature to 1400°C, while carbon crystallites clearly developed above this temperature, showing
that the microstructure of carbonized wood undergoes drastic changes around 1400°C. Besides showing the bands for sp2-bonded carbon, the Raman spectra showed a shoulder near 1100 cm−1 assigned to sp3-bonded carbon. With an increase of heat treatment temperature, the peak position of the Raman sp3 band shifted to a lower frequency from 1190 to 1120 cm−1, which is due to the transformation of sp3-bonded carbon from an amorphous phase to a nanocrystalline phase. These data showed that the microstructure of carbonized
wood from 700° to 1800°C consisted of the combination of sp2- and sp3-bonded carbon, which is probably due to the disordered microstructure of carbonized wood. It is suggested that the sp3-bonded carbon is transformed from an amorphous structure to a nanocrystalline structure with the growth of polyaromatic stacks
at temperatures above 1400°C. 相似文献
23.
ABSTRACT Phytophthora root and stem rot of soybeans caused by Phytophthora sojae is a serious limitation to soybean production in the United States. Partial resistance to P. sojae in soybeans is effective against all the races of the pathogen and is a form of incomplete resistance in which the level of colonization of the root is reduced following inoculation. Other forms of incomplete resistance include the single dominant gene Rps2 and Ripley's root resistance, which are both race-specific. To differentiate partial resistance from the other types of incomplete resistance, the components lesion length, numbers of oospores, and infection frequency were measured in eight soybean genotypes inoculated with two P. sojae isolates. The Rps2 and root-resistant genotypes had significantly lower oospore production and infection frequency compared with the partially resistant genotype Conrad, while the root-resistant genotype also had significantly smaller lesion lengths. However, the high levels of partial resistance in Jack were indistinguishable from Rps2 in L76-1988, based on the evaluation of these components. Root resistance in Ripley and Rps2 in L76-1988 had similar responses for all components measured in this study. Partial resistance expressed in Conrad, Williams, Jack, and General was comprised of various components that interact for defense against P. sojae in the roots, and different levels of each component were found in each of the genotypes. However, forms of incomplete resistance expressed via single genes in Ripley and Rps2 in L76-1988, could not be distinguished from high levels of partial resistance based on lesion length, oospore production, and infection frequency. 相似文献
24.
Amenomori M Ayabe S Bi XJ Chen D Cui SW Danzengluobu Ding LK Ding XH Feng CF Feng Z Feng ZY Gao XY Geng QX Guo HW He HH He M Hibino K Hotta N Hu H Hu HB Huang J Huang Q Jia HY Kajino F Kasahara K Katayose Y Kato C Kawata K Labaciren Le GM Li AF Li JY Lou YQ Lu H Lu SL Meng XR Mizutani K Mu J Munakata K Nagai A Nanjo H Nishizawa M Ohnishi M Ohta I Onuma H Ouchi T Ozawa S Ren JR Saito T Saito TY Sakata M Sako TK Sasaki T Shibata M Shiomi A Shirai T Sugimoto H Takita M Tan YH Tateyama N Torii S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5798):439-443
The intensity of Galactic cosmic rays is nearly isotropic because of the influence of magnetic fields in the Milky Way. Here, we present two-dimensional high-precision anisotropy measurement for energies from a few to several hundred teraelectronvolts (TeV), using the large data sample of the Tibet Air Shower Arrays. Besides revealing finer details of the known anisotropies, a new component of Galactic cosmic ray anisotropy in sidereal time is uncovered around the Cygnus region direction. For cosmic-ray energies up to a few hundred TeV, all components of anisotropies fade away, showing a corotation of Galactic cosmic rays with the local Galactic magnetic environment. These results have broad implications for a comprehensive understanding of cosmic rays, supernovae, magnetic fields, and heliospheric and Galactic dynamic environments. 相似文献
25.
Involvement of two different types of Verticillium dahliae in lettuce wilt in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Toshiyuki Usami Mizuho Itoh Satomi Morii Takuya Miyamoto Masato Kaneda Takashi Ogawara Yoshimiki Amemiya 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2012,78(5):348-352
Although wilt diseases of various plants by Verticillium dahliae occur worldwide, Verticillium wilt of lettuce is relatively new and rare. In 2009, this disease appeared suddenly in commercial fields in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. To investigate the cause of the disease, we characterized each lettuce isolate for pathogenicity, mating types, and genetic characteristics and found two types of V. dahliae. A population that included at least two types of V. dahliae was the putative infection source of the disease. Effective management systems against V. dahliae isolates of different races and having different host ranges are necessary. 相似文献
26.
27.
Tsutsui T Wada M Anzai M Hori T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(3):397-399
Artificial insemination with frozen cauda epididymal sperm was performed in cats. Sperm were transmigrated from the epididymides in 10 male cats. The mean sperm motility and viability were 67% and 82.5%, respectively, and 11.6 x 10(7) sperm were recovered. The mean sperm motility after thawing was 24.0%. Eleven female cats received unilateral intrauterine insemination of 5 x 10(7) sperm, and the conception rate was 27.3% (3/11). This was the first case of conception obtained with frozen epididymal sperm in cats. 相似文献
28.
Wada S Manabe N Nakayama M Inou N Matsui T Miyamoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(5):435-439
Previously, we histochemically examined the localization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptors in porcine ovarian follicles, and demonstrated a marked reduction in the expression of TRAIL-decoy receptor-1 (DcRI) in granulosa cells of atretic follicles. In the present study, to confirm the inhibitory activity of DcR1 in granulosa cells, granulosa cells prepared from healthy follicles were treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) to cleave glycophospholipid anchor of DcR1 and to remove DcR1 from the cell surface, and then incubated with TRAIL. PI-PLC treatment increased the number of apoptotic cells induced by TRAIL. The present finding indicated the possibility that TRAIL and its receptors were involved in induction of apoptosis in granulosa cells during atresia, and that DcR1 plays an inhibitory role in granulosa cell apoptosis. 相似文献
29.
Dhirendra Prasad Thakur Katsuji Morioka Naoya Itoh Mizuho Wada Yoshiaki Itoh 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(6):1489-1498
The study was conducted to evaluate the meat texture, muscle proximate composition, lipid class composition, and collagen
content of cultured amberjack and to compare these parameters with those of the yellowtail. Our results showed that the meat
texture of cultured amberjack was tougher and had a lower degree of seasonality than that of cultured yellowtail. Muscle lipid
and collagen content also varied in the two fish species over the study period. Meat breaking strength was not correlated
with any of the muscle constituents, indicating that variations in the meat texture of cultured amberjack was not directly
influenced by the changes in the muscle biochemical constituents. 相似文献
30.
Minoru Funaki Makoto Nishizawa Takuji Sawaya Sadanobu Inoue Takashi Yamagishi 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(2):295-300
SUMMARY: The mineral (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn) contents in the holdfast of three brown algae of the genus Laminaria were determined to compare with those in frond and stipe. The wild and cultivated kelps of Laminaria japonica , L. ochotensis , and L. diabolica were used as samples. The K content was markedly high (11.76–14.91 g/100 g dry weight) in the holdfast of cultivated L. japonica; the K/Na ratio (3.88–5.18) of the holdfast was greater than those of frond and stipe as well as the reported values of frond (1.0–2.2). The content of Ca in the holdfasts of these three species was also higher than those in frond and stipe. The content of Mn showed the same tendency. This is the first report showing that the holdfast of L. japonica and L. diabolica is rich in minerals, especially K. 相似文献