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71.
Eveline Teixeira Caixeta Aluízio Borém Samir de Azevedo Fagundes Silvia Niestche Everaldo Gonçalves de Barros Maurílio Alves Moreira 《Euphytica》2003,134(3):297-303
The existence of genetic variability for angular leaf spot (ALS) resistance in the common bean germplasm allows the development
of breeding lines resistant to this disease. The BAT 332 line is an important resistance source to common bean ALS. In this
work we determined the inheritance pattern and identified RAPD markers linked to a resistance gene present in BAT 332. Populations
F1, F2,BCs and BCr derived from crosses between BAT 332 and cultivar Rudá were used. Rudá is a commercial cultivar with carioca
type grains and susceptible to ALS. The resistance of BAT 332 to race 61.41 of the pathogen was confirmed. Segregation analysis
of the plants indicated that a single dominant gene confers resistance. For identification of RAPD markers linked to the resistance
gene, bulk segregant analysis (BSA) was used. Two RAPD markers,OPAA07950 and OPAO12950, linked in coupling phase at 5.10 and 5.83 cM of this gene, respectively, were identified. These molecular markers are important
for common bean breeders and geneticists as source of genetic information and for marker assisted selection in breeding programs.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
72.
J. Fernandez Martinez J. Dominguez Gimenez A. Jimenez L. Hernandez 《Plant Breeding》1986,97(4):364-367
The single seed descent (SSD) method of selection has been evaluated in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). The initial population of this study was a BC2F1 from a cross between a well adapted and a high oil cultivar. Transgressive segregation for yield and oil content producing lines with considerably higher values than the better parent was observed in BC2F4 and BC2F5 generations. These results and the great saving of time and effort makes the SSD method a very desirable tool for safflower breeders. 相似文献
73.
Mariela Czerniczyniec Silvia Farías Jorge Magallanes Daniel Cicerone 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,180(1-4):75-82
This study qualifies and quantifies the effects of pH, hardness, alkalinity, salinity and bone calcination temperature related with the adsorption of As(V) onto biogenic hydroxyapatite (HAPb) obtained from cow-charred bones. Arsenic contamination of surface and subsurface waters is widely extended in Argentina. It is a problem of major concern, particularly in rural and suburban areas where there are not water treatment plants for supplying of drinking water. HAPb is a natural material, whose absorbent properties can be used for the design of low-cost technologies for As(V) abatement in water. In this work HAPb has been characterized by physical and chemical analysis (XRD, SEM, EDAX, BET, and electrophoretic mobility). A Plackett–Burman screening experimental design allowed us to determine the main variables affecting the efficiency of As(V) sorption onto HAPb. Based on these variables and with a design of higher order we developed a model of the system to study its behaviour. Data collection was planned through a Doehlert experimental design and a back propagation artificial neural network was used to work it out. Results showed that salinity is the major variable affecting the efficiency of the As(V) immobilization process but pH and hardness should be taken into account because of associations among them. 相似文献
74.
Pérez-Magariño S González-San José ML 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(5):1181-1189
Several red wines were elaborated to assess the effect of the degree of grape ripening on wine color and on the levels of flavanol and anthocyanin compounds, which are chiefly responsible for the wine color attributes. Two different cultivars and three different degrees of ripening were studied in two consecutive years. The wines were aged for 1 year in American oak barrels of medium-high char followed by 6 months in the bottle. The results showed that the wines made from more mature grapes had generally higher free anthocyanin content, and during aging the decrease of the free anthocyanins and flavanols took place in conjunction with an increase in the levels of the anthocyanin derivatives or "new pigments", which are responsible for maintaining color intensity and adding violet hues in aged wines. From the results obtained, it seems to be clear that the characteristics and composition of grapes harvested later (7-8 days in this region and for these varieties) than the usual time are quite beneficial to obtaining quality aged wines. The phenolic composition of wines made from the last harvested grapes is mainly responsible for the stability of their color, which is extremely important in product acceptance with a significant increase hence of product quality. 相似文献
75.
Silvia Mironeasa Georgiana Gabriela Codină Silviu-Gabriel Stroe 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(15):1731-1737
A method for the analysis of seven mineral contents—that is, potassium (K), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu)—was investigated in some oilseeds like flax, sesame, pumpkin, quinoa, and yellow mustard. X-ray Spectral Analysis method with Spectrometer EDX-900HS was used for the analytical concentrations of the macro and micro elements of the oilseeds. A relatively high level of Zn content was found in sesame and pumpkin seeds, while the highest level of Fe content was found in mustard seeds. Regarding the macro elements (K, Ca, and P) content, the highest levels of concentration were found in flax and mustard seeds. The highest values of Cu were obtained in sesame seeds while those of Mn were in pumpkin and brown flax seeds. The results showed that the method is a reliable and simple analytical procedure to characterize mineral elements in oilseeds with a very high analytical performance. 相似文献
76.
Do multipurpose companion trees affect high value timber trees in a silvopastoral plantation system?
Establishment of native timber trees on deforested land may contribute to the livelihood of farmers, to improved ecosystem
services and to increased greenhouse gas uptake. Here, we present a new silvopastoral planting design to assess species performance
and interspecific competition or facilitation effects among native timber and multipurpose trees in Central America. Two timber
species, Tabebuia rosea and Cedrela odorata, were established in three low-density planting regimes allowing combined tree and future livestock production: (1) solitary
planting, (2) companion planting with Guazuma ulmifolia, and (3) companion planting with the nitrogen-fixing Gliricidia sepium. We quantified survival, growth and reforestation potential of the two timber species subjected to the different planting
regimes for the first 2 years after establishment. Nitrogen concentration as well as stable nitrogen and carbon isotope composition
(δ15N, δ13C) of leaves of the timber saplings were determined. T. rosea showed higher survival and better growth than C. odorata under varying environmental conditions (soil, concomitant vegetation). Performance of the timber saplings was unaffected
by either companion species. Planting regimes had no effect on foliar nitrogen concentration and δ15N of the two timber species, although δ15N values indicated nitrogen fixation activity in G. sepium trees. Planting regimes affected foliar δ13C values in T. rosea. δ13C values were significantly higher in solitarily growing individuals, suggesting lower exposition to water stress conditions
in saplings surrounded by companion species. As we found positively correlated growth traits among timber and multipurpose
trees, a combined planting may benefit farmers by providing additional goods and services. 相似文献
77.
Celia A. Harvey Cristobal Villanueva Rene Gómez Jorge Martinez 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,261(10):1664-1674
Trees dispersed in pastures are a prominent feature of many Central American landscapes, particularly in cattle producing regions where farmers retain trees to serve as shade, fodder, timber and firewood. The presence of dispersed trees in pastures is often considered as important for the conservation of biodiversity by providing habitat and enhancing landscape connectivity. However, despite their critical productive and environmental roles, little is known about tree distribution within pastures or how farmers’ management decisions influence the trees themselves and their impact on farm productivity and biodiversity conservation. Here, we present a synthesis of (a) the abundance, composition, and size of dispersed trees in four important cattle producing regions of Costa Rica (Caňas and Río Frío) and Nicaragua (Rivas and Matiguás), based on inventory of 18,669 trees on 1492 ha of pasture, (b) the local knowledge, management and use of trees by cattle farmers, and (c) opportunities for ensuring sustainable management of dispersed trees in pasture-dominated landscapes. Dispersed trees were common in all four landscapes, with mean frequency ranging from 8.0 trees ha−1 in Caňas to 33.4 trees ha−1 in Matiguás. A total of 255 tree species were found in pastures across the four landscapes. The total number of tree species per landscape varied from 72 in Rivas to 101 in Caňas and Rio Frio, with mean species richness per farm ranging from 22.9 in Rio Frio to 45.9 in Matiguás. In all four landscapes, a handful of tree species dominated the pastures, with the ten most abundant species in each landscape accounting for >70% of all trees recorded. Most of these common tree species provide fruits or foliage eaten by cattle, or are important timber or firewood species, and are deliberately retained by farmers for these uses. In all four landscapes, farmers had a detailed knowledge of tree attributes affecting pasture and animal productivity, and influenced tree cover through pasture management activities and occasional tree cutting. Current farm management practices are gradually decreasing the diversity of trees in pastures, and in some cases also tree density, reducing their contribution to farm productivity and biodiversity conservation. To reverse this trend, incentives are required to encourage cattle farmers to retain and enhance tree cover in pastures, through the adoption of pasture management practices that favor the regeneration and persistence of a diverse range of tree species. 相似文献
78.
79.
E E Martinez W Shimoda 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1984,67(4):845-846
A bioautographic technique for the determination of monensin sodium in animal feed has been applied to chicken and beef liver tissues. The reliable limit of sensitivity is 100 ppb, but 10 ppb can be detected. This technique can be used to semiquantitate monensin in tissues by comparing the zones of inhibition of unknown test samples against monensin standards. 相似文献
80.
A map of the interactome network of the metazoan C. elegans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Li S Armstrong CM Bertin N Ge H Milstein S Boxem M Vidalain PO Han JD Chesneau A Hao T Goldberg DS Li N Martinez M Rual JF Lamesch P Xu L Tewari M Wong SL Zhang LV Berriz GF Jacotot L Vaglio P Reboul J Hirozane-Kishikawa T Li Q Gabel HW Elewa A Baumgartner B Rose DJ Yu H Bosak S Sequerra R Fraser A Mango SE Saxton WM Strome S Van Den Heuvel S Piano F Vandenhaute J Sardet C Gerstein M Doucette-Stamm L Gunsalus KC Harper JW Cusick ME Roth FP Hill DE Vidal M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5657):540-543