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921.
中国明对虾眼柄微结构与其生长的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
观察了采集于江苏南通近海的69只中国明对虾的眼柄微结构,分析了其体长和体质量的生长。结果显示,眼柄由表层、色素层、钙化层和膜层4个部分组成。眼柄内存在明显的生长宽带和细纹,其中宽带数0~1个,细纹数27~37个。最小AIC法拟合分析显示,中国明对虾体长、体质量的生长与眼柄细纹数都呈显著的Logistic关系。研究表明,中国明对虾眼柄中的宽带与其年龄相关,细纹可用来分析中国明对虾的生长,而细纹的形成周期是否与个体差异、生长环境差异等相关还需要进一步验证。 相似文献
922.
罗非鱼在不同盐度水体中的生长繁殖和鱼肉粗蛋白与氨基酸含量的比较 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
罗非鱼原产非洲淡水中,但越来越多的人认为其祖先起源于海洋,因为多数种具有耐盐能力,尼罗罗非鱼就是其中之一。本试验的目的在于观察尼罗罗非鱼在海水中养殖的可行性。 材料与方法 实验鱼取自实验室内同胎孵出的25天龄尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)鱼苗99尾,实验分为淡水、咸淡水(1/2海水+1/2淡水)和海水三个饲养组,每组33尾鱼苗,平均个体重0.15克,分别养于三个容量相同(内径80厘米,高60厘米)的白色圆形玻璃钢水槽中。控温26℃±1℃),充气,投喂豆饼、浒苔和白菜。每周换水1—2次。每个月月底称量各组鱼之总重和计算存活鱼尾数。实验始于1983 相似文献
923.
调查汾河太原段轮虫群落结构的时空变化,探讨轮虫群落结构动态变化规律及其与环境理化因子的关系,为汾河太原段浮游动物动态预测和多样性保护提供必要信息,从生态系统的角度客观评价水质污染状况与水体富营养化程度。在汾河太原段设置采样点7个,于2014年3-12月对轮虫和水体理化指标进行逐月调查。共检出轮虫98种,隶属3目21科33属。全年优势种是长肢多肢轮虫(Polyarthra dolichoptera)和螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)。调查期间月均检出轮虫28种,轮虫丰度变化范围为153 ~ 1 440 个/L,生物量为0.08~0.89 mg/L;种类数、丰度和生物量均表现为枯水季较低,丰水季最高。群落结构相似性分析表明不同营养状态水体之间差异显著,轮虫丰度、生物量、Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数均存在明显差异;中等营养条件的指示种为卵形无柄轮虫(Ascomorpha ovalis)和单趾狭甲轮虫(Colurella unicauda),指示轻度富营养的指示种为柔软龟甲轮虫(Keratella delicata),中等富营养水体的指示种则为臂尾轮属的种类。冗余分析结果显示环境变量对轮虫群落结构变异的解释率为 41.3%,水温、叶绿素a 、溶解氧、总氮等因子是影响轮虫时空分布的主要因素。轮虫群落结构特征可以指示水体的营养状态。 相似文献
924.
松花江鲤鱼肌肉肌苷酸含量和鱼肉保鲜时间的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
纸层析法对松花江鲤鱼肌肉肌苷酸含量和鱼肉保鲜时间作了研究,结果表明:室温20℃下,鲤鱼肌肉存放3小时左右,肌苷酸含量达到了最高值为6.326±0.12μmol/g,保鲜时间为9小时。冷冻-18℃下,鲤鱼肌肉存放10天,肌苷酸含量达到了峰值为5.931±0.13μmol/g,保鲜时间为20天。 相似文献
925.
The effects of starvation on biochemical composition and gametogenesis were investigated in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Histological analysis, combined with oocyte examination and measurements of protein, glycogen and lipid levels and RNA/DNA
ratio from gonad, adductor muscle and mantle tissue of each sex were performed. In the starved groups, C. gigas showed gonad development, but the progress was delayed during the experiment. Glycogen was the first substrate used by C. gigas for dealing with lack of food. While glycogen was rapidly consumed, protein and lipid contents decreased gradually. A decrease
in the RNA/DNA ratio in the starved groups in all the body components was found during starvation, illustrating that RNA/DNA
ratio was a valid indicator of nutritional condition in C. gigas. A significant increase in water and ash contents and a corresponding decrease in condition index were observed in the starved
groups, showing that the water and ash content and condition index were related to the usage of glycogen, lipid and protein
reserves in body composition. During starvation, energy reserves were mobilized for survival and gonad development, but spawning
was arrested. The information obtained in this study is useful for broodstock management in the Pacific oyster industry. 相似文献
926.
Zhenlin Hao Hongyue Liu Yangyang Yu Zhuo Li Ying Tian Luo Wang Junxia Mao Xubo Wang Xiaoyu Dong Yaqing Chang 《Aquaculture Research》2021,52(1):1-11
The copulation, egg laying, embryonic development and changes in amino acids and fatty acids in Neptunea arthritica cumingii during embryogenesis were studied to understand the embryo development process and nutritional requirements in the early life phase. The results showed that N. arthritica cumingii has direct development within the egg capsule and the development of embryos was classified into five stages: cleavage, egg swallowing, protoconch forming, shell development and juvenile. Embryos develop through the provision of nurse eggs as an extra‐embryonic source of nutrition. As development continued, the body of the embryo began to coil. After about 70–80 days, young N.arthritica cumingii started to emerge through a hole underneath the capsule. Biochemical results showed that the total amount of amino acids showed a decreasing trend as embryonic development progressed. The content of all nine essential amino acids decreased significantly from the egg‐swallowing stage to the post‐larva stage (p < .05). Concentrations of five of the seven nonessential amino acids also showed a decreasing trend from the egg‐swallowing stage to the post‐larva stage; the exceptions were Ala and Gly. Gly is the only amino acid that consistently increased in concentration during the development process. Most fatty acids increased after the eggs hatched, except for C20:1, C20:2, C22:5 and C22:6 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA). The data in this study may provide a starting point for the formulation of well‐balanced early‐stage larval diets, although N.arthritica cumingii is still in the exploration stage. 相似文献
927.
The effects of salinity on hemolymph osmotic pressure, gill Na+/K+‐ATPase activity and dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5‐HT) in the gills, and hemolymph of the adult Charybdis japonica were studied. DA levels increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the NE and 5‐HT revealed contrary change in hemolymph and gills. The iso‐osmotic point of C. japonica (911.4 mOsm/kg) was at salinity of 27.87 ppt. The Na+/K+‐ATPase activity of gill showed negative correlation with salinity in the hypotonic environment (<27.87 ppt). The results of this experiment indicated that C. japonica had great capability to acclimate to low salinity. 相似文献
928.
929.
Hongsheng Yang Xiutang Yuan Yi Zhou Yuze Mao Tao Zhang & Ying Liu 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(11):1085-1092
To investigate the effects of body size and water temperature on feeding and growth in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka), the maximum rate of food consumption in terms of energy (Cmaxe; J day?1) and the specific growth rate in terms of energy (SGRe; % day?1) in animals of three body sizes (mean±SE) – large (134.0±3.5 g), medium (73.6±2.2 g) and small (36.5±1.2 g) – were determined at water temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C. Maximum rate of food consumption in terms of energy increased and SGRe decreased with increasing body weight at 10, 15 and 20°C. This trend, however, was not apparent at 25 and 30°C, which could be influenced by aestivation. High water temperatures (above 20°C) were disadvantageous to feeding and growth of this animal; SGRe of A. japonicus during aestivation was negative. The optimum temperatures for food consumption and for growth were similar and were between 14 and 15°C, and body size seemed to have a slight effect on the optimal temperature for food consumption or growth. Because aestivation of A. japonicus was temperature dependent, the present paper also documented the threshold temperatures to aestivation as indicated by feeding cessation. Deduced from daily food consumption of individuals, the threshold temperature to aestivation for large and medium animals (73.3–139.3 g) was 24.5?25.5°C, while that for small animals (28.9–40.7 g) was between 25.5 and 30.5°C. These values are higher than previous reports; differences in sign of aestivation, experimental condition and dwelling district of test animals could be the reasons. 相似文献
930.
L. Gan Y.‐J. Liu L.‐X. Tian H.‐J. Yang Y.‐R. Yue Y.‐J. Chen J.‐J. Liang G.‐Y. Liang 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2012,18(6):589-598
A 63‐day growth trial was undertaken to estimate the effects of supplemented lysine and methionine with different dietary protein levels on growth performance and feed utilization in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Six plant‐based practical diets were prepared, and 32CP, 30CP and 28CP diets were formulated to contain 320 g kg?1, 300 g kg?1 and 280 g kg?1 crude protein without lysine and methionine supplementation. In the supplementary group, lysine and methionine were added to formulate 32AA, 30AA and 28AA diets with 320 g kg?1, 300 g kg?1 and 280 g kg?1 dietary crude protein, respectively, according to the whole body amino acid composition of Grass Carp. In the groups without lysine and methionine supplementation, weight gain (WG, %) and specific growth rate (SGR, % day?1) of the fish fed 32CP diet were significantly higher than that of fish fed 30CP and 28CP diets, but no significant differences were found between 30CP‐ and 28CP‐diet treatments. WG and SGR of the fish fed 32AA and 30AA diets were significantly higher than that of fish fed 28AA diets, and the performance of grass carp was also significantly improved when fed diets with lysine and methionine supplementation (P < 0.05), and the interaction between dietary protein level and amino acid supplementation was noted between WG and SGR (P < 0.05). Feed intake (FI) was significantly increased with the increase in dietary protein level and the supplementation of lysine and methionine (P < 0.05), but feed conversion ratio (FCR) showed a significant decreasing trend (P < 0.05). Two days after total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration test, the values of TAN discharged by the fish 8 h after feeding were 207.1, 187.5, 170.6, 157.3, 141.3 and 128.9 mg kg?1 body weight for fish fed 32CP, 32AA, 30CP, 30AA, 28CP and 28AA diets, respectively. TAN excretion by grass carp was reduced in plant‐based practical diets with the increase in dietary protein level and the supplementation of lysine and methionine (P < 0.05). The results indicated that lysine and methionine supplementation to the plant protein sources‐based practical diets can improve growth performance and feed utilization of grass carp, and the dietary crude protein can be reduced from 320 g kg?1 to 300 g kg?1 through balancing amino acids profile. The positive effect was not observed at 280 g kg?1 crude protein level. 相似文献