合理调整免疫程序 科学实施动物免疫

现阶段我国动物疫病的防控主要采取免疫的策略,现行的免疫方案中存在着一些问题,各地区和养殖企业应结合本地区和/或本场的实际情况,制定出具有更强的指导性、可操作性和自己特色的免疫方案,更好地指导动物的免疫工作。     

Promoter identification and effect on activation of NF-κB of porcine ISG58

Interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene (ISG) 56 family (composed of ISG54, ISG56, ISG58, and ISG60) plays important roles in defense against viral infection in mammalian cells. Numerous studies have been conducted on ISG54, ISG56, and ISG60; however, little is known on ISG58. In the present study, the upstream sequence of porcine ISG58 gene was first characterized as functional promoter by luciferase reporter assay, and then two directly adjacent IFN-stimulated response elements (ISREs), one at ?206 to ?194 (ISRE-I) and a second one, directly upstream of this element at ?219 to ?207?bp (ISRE-II), were identified using the bioinformatics method. The subsequent site-directed deletion and transient transfection experiments showed the candidate ISREs are functional. ISRE-I works better than ISRE-II and synergistic cooperation exists between two ISREs. Additionally, the effect of porcine ISG58 on activation of NF-κB was analyzed using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The results will contribute to revealing the role of ISG58 in immune response.     

Fatal infection in human flora-associated piglets caused by the opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae from an apparently healthy human donor

Seventeen out of 24 human flora-associated (HFA) piglets died after oral administration of whole fecal flora from an apparently healthy human donor. The bacteria isolated from the organs of the infected piglets were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae by bacteriological and biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The identical K. pneumoniae strain was also isolated from the donor's fecal flora. All three neonatal piglets inoculated with K. pneumoniae from the donor's fecal flora developed severe diarrhea, with 2 eventually dying. This strongly suggests that the opportunistic pathogen K. pneumoniae from the human donor caused the fatal infection in the HFA piglets. The results underscore the importance of safety evaluation of the human donor's fecal flora for HFA piglet development.     

动物产品中硒富集的研究

<正>硒具有抗癌、抗氧化、抗心血管疾病等功效,因此富集硒的动物产品受到了越来越多的关注。饲料中添加的硒源主要有无机硒(亚硒酸钠、纳米硒)和有机硒(酵母硒、蛋氨酸硒),不同硒源在动物组织中的沉积量差异很大。Behne等(1983)用含0.3mg/kg硒的日粮饲喂兔子,各组织硒含量从高到低依次为肾脏、肝脏、     

不同种植密度对早熟玉米‘晋单84号’产量及品质的影响

为了研究不同种植密度条件对早熟玉米‘晋单84号’生长性状及品质的影响,以玉米品种‘晋单84号’为试验材料,在4.5万株/hm²、5.25万株/hm²、6万株/hm²、6.75万株/hm²、7.5万株/hm² 5个不同种植密度条件下,研究‘晋单84号’的农艺性状表现、产量及籽粒品质的变化规律。结果表明：‘晋单84号’的产量随着种植密度的增加呈先增加后减少的趋势,在密度6.75万株/hm²时最高,为12825.8 kg/hm²;籽粒品质蛋白质含量随密度增大表现为逐渐下降的趋势;粗脂肪含量表现为与密度负相关的变化趋势;粗淀粉含量在6.75万株/hm²密度下达到最高73.4%。以上试验研究为确定‘晋单84号’在山西中部地区最适宜密度及高产栽培提供科学依据。     

微卫星分子标记与浦东鸡体尺屠体性状相关分析

利用15对微卫星标记检测50只浦东母鸡群体的等位基因数、杂合度、多态信息含量和等位基因频率,并对体尺、体重与微卫星分子标记基因型进行相关分析。结果表明:微卫星分子标记MCW0014、MCW0295与胸深存在极显著相关(P<0.01);ADL0278、MCW67与龙骨长存在极显著和显著相关(P<0.01、P<0.05);ADL0146与骨盆宽存在显著相关(P<0.05);LEI094、MCW0014和MCW67与腿肌率存在显著相关(P<0.05);MCW0094与活重存在极显著相关(P<0.01)。对与性状连锁的同一标记不同基因型间进行了多重比较,结果表明:座位MCW0014的AC基因型对胸深影响显著(P<0.05);座位ADL0146的AA基因型对骨盆宽影响显著(P<0.05)。结果提示试验所选定的微卫星标记适用于群体遗传多样性检测,且部分微卫星标记位点与体尺、屠体性状呈显著相关,这些结果将为浦东鸡的保种和标记辅助选育提供有益参考。     

贵州省农村信息服务现状调查研究

农村信息服务是农业信息化发展的重要内容.调查发现,贵州省农村信息服务基础设施建设发展迅速,但运行情况差强人意;信息传播渠道多元化发展,但渠道不够通畅;农民对信息需求渴望,但支付意愿不够强烈;信息服务内容丰富,但有效性和针对性不强.可以从强化政府主体作用、大力培育农村信息服务市场、积极创新信息传播渠道、加强对信息人才队伍的建设和农民综合素质的培养等方面来促进贵州省农村信息服务工作的发展.     

柑橘溃疡病发生与抗性研究进展

柑橘溃疡病对柑橘生产危害严重,被世界许多国家列为重要的检疫性病害。从柑橘溃疡病害发生、预报、抗性机制和抗性利用等方面主要综述了近年来中国对柑橘溃疡病研究取得的进展。对影响柑橘溃疡病发生的气候条件、不同柑橘种类或品种对溃疡病的抗性差异、组织结构及生理生化特性与抗性的关系等进行了探讨,最后指出存在问题并提出展望。     

辐射制冷技术浅圆仓控温试验研究

将辐射制冷材料粘贴或涂刷于浅圆仓仓顶和外壁,试验表明:试验仓比对照仓仓顶外表面平均温度低4.3℃,最高值低26.1℃;平均仓温低2.8℃,最高值低5.6℃;平均粮面温度低2.4℃,最高值低4.7℃。试验表明,辐射制冷材料应用于浅圆仓具有显著的降温效果,新型辐射制冷技术产业化的突破为粮食仓储行业实现更高质量的仓储环境提供了新材料,为实现浅圆仓的准低温储粮提供了新的参考方法。