Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in hemolymph from the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis

Feng, Q., Wu, G. H., Liang, T. M., Ji, H. Y., Jiang, X. J., Gu, W., Wang, W. Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in hemolymph from the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 34 , 51–57. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hemolymph kinetics and depuration time of oxytetracycline following intramuscular administration at doses of 2, 8 and 40 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The concentration of OTC in hemolymph was assayed using solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography. The elimination half‐life of the terminal part of the elimination phase (t_1/2β) ranged from 87.9 to 114.3 h. The total body clearance (CL_b) was 0.0430 L/kg/h at the lower dose, 0.0123 L/kg/h at the medium dose and 0.0013 L/kg/h at the higher dose. The apparent volume of the central compartment (V_c) was found to be 1.383, 0.699 and 0.143 L/kg respectively. The depuration time for each dose was 13.6, 29.6 and 57.6 days, respectively. Results from the present study suggest that the 40 mg/kg dose might have the best therapeutic efficacy following intramuscular administration.     

牛乳脂共轭亚油酸的合成及其营养调控

共轭亚油酸(CLA)是存在于动物脂肪和乳脂中的天然活性成分。本文综述了牛乳脂CLA的来源、合成机制及其营养调控。     

Association of a missense mutation in the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor gene （LHCGR） with superovulation traits in Chinese Holstein heifers

Background: Upon binding luteinizing hormone in the ovary, the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) is necessary for follicular maturation and ovulation, as well as luteal function. We detected mutations in the LHCGR gene and evaluated their association with superovulation. Methods: Using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequencing, we examined polymorphisms in LHCGR and the genotypes associated with superovulation traits in 127 Chinese Holstein heifers. Results: A G/T polymorphism (ss52050737) in exon 11 was significantly associated with the total number of ova and the number of transferable embryos. Conclusions: LHCGR may be a new predictor for superovulation in Chinese Holstein heifers.     

抗病虫基因新资源:海洋绿藻孔石莼凝集素基因

植物凝集素(Lecin)具有抵抗植物病原菌和农业害虫的活性以及抗病毒活性,在植物保护上具有广阔的应用前景。从海洋绿藻孔石莼中分离到一种凝集素基因序列,为培育抗病虫作物新品种提供了新资源。     

镉中毒解毒机理的研究：硒化合物的预防和治疗作用初探

对大鼠组织胞液(Cytosol)的体外试验结果表明:亚硒酸钠、硒酸钠及硒化钠以明显影响[~(109)Cd]标记的氯化镉在组织胞液中的分布。硒酸钠、亚硒酸钠有较强的封闭金属硫蛋白(MT)与镉结合部位、激活分子量较大的蛋白质,捕获胞液中[~(109)Cd]的作用,还可使已经和MT结合的[~(109)Cd]被剥离,随后,[~(109)Cd]转入分子量较大的蛋白质上;亚硒酸钠还可使[~(109)Cd]转入分子量为32000～35000的蛋白质上。硒化钠仅有较弱的剥离与MT结合的镉,使之转入分子量较大的蛋白质上,但几乎不能阻止镉与MT结合。镉与大、中分子量蛋白质结合力远较它与MT的结合力弱,因而以能有利于镉被排出体外。     

警犬作业各不同多种形式破命案

训练有素的警犬,往往具备多种形式的作业能力。在公安实战中,针对案件现场条件的不同,有经验的带犬民警会选择不同的作业形式去指挥引导警犬,或追踪,或鉴别,或搜索,或综合应用。正确有效的指挥引导,成为了警犬技术破案的关键,本期选登的案例,正是说明了这一点。     

犬跳抱训练一点通

跳抱是指犬在主人的指挥下,能够根据口令或手势做出跳入主人怀中的行为。它是一项娱乐性的服从科目,在国内外犬展犬赛等视频资料中出镜率较高,颇有观赏性、实用性。跳抱的口令为:“抱”;手势:两大臂下垂,小臂平伸向前,掌心向上,十指伸开。[训练方法]常规训练犬进行跳抱的方法有     

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in healthy and Escherichia coli-infected broiler chickens

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of a ketamine/propofol anaesthetic protocol in lions (Panthera leo), and to compare it to two commonly used anaesthetic protocols. Seventeen adult lions were anaesthetised using three different protocols. Group XK (n=6) was anaesthetised with intramuscular (i.m.) injections of xylazine and ketamine. Group KD (n=5) was anaesthetised with an i.m. injection of ketamine, followed by an intravenous (i.v.) injection of ketamine and diazepam. Group KP (n=6) was anaesthetised with an i.m. injection of ketamine followed by an i.v. injection of propofol. There was a significant difference in heart rate (P<0.0002), which was lowest in group XK and highest in KD. Jaw tone was significantly lower in Group XK (P<0.05). No undesirable effects were noted following injection of the propofol. Propofol was a suitable and safe drug for maintenance of anaesthesia in adult lions.     

不同种类纤维素酶对人工瘤胃发酵的影响

本试验瘤胃液来自3只安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦阉公牛，体外人工瘤胃试验按不同纤维素酶的添加量分为6个组。分别是复合纤维素酶组（66．7、200、100mg／kg）和单一纤维素酶组（66．7、200、100mg／kg），人工瘤胃培养96h，测定产气量、瘤胃液PH值、干物质消失率、培养液中的NH3-N、TVFA产量及乙酸、丙酸、丁酸的产量，用以确定人工瘤胃内添加纤维素酶对瘤胃发酵的影响、试验结果表明：从产气量上看，复合纤维素酶100mg／kg组的产气量最大，96h时比对照组多产气23．7％（P〈0．05），产气量最小的是单一纤维素酶66．7mg／kg组，与对照组相比差异不显著（p〉0．05）：从pH值看．96h除复合纤维素酶3组比对照组低0．2，其余各组差异均不显著（P〉0.05））；96h复合纤维素酶100mg／kg组的干物质消失率比对照组高7．57％，其次是复合纤维素酶200mg／kg组比对照组高5．6％；NH3-N含量从0h～24h逐渐下降24h时最低，24h～96hNH3-N含量逐渐上升。12h～96h复合纤维素酶3组的NH3-N浓度在各组中均最高。分别比对照组高0．92、2．74、3、6、4．3mg／100ml，其余各组差异均不显著；96h，复合纤维素酶3的乙酸和TVFA含量最大．比对照组高7．62和9．16mmol／L（p〈0．05）结论：复合纤维素酶效果优于单一纤维素酶，其中复合纤维素酶100mg／kg组试验效果最好。